antibacterials

BACKGROUND: Avian salmonellosis is a group of diseases caused by bacteria from the genus Salmonella with a negative impact on poultry, particularly chickens. In addition, salmonellosis is a global food-borne infection. AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nano-emulsion difloxacin (NED) and commercial difloxacin (CD) water supplement on broiler's growth, feed intake, and body weight, weight gain, growth rate, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and mortality rate (MR)...

In this study, hybrid bio-nanoporous peptides loaded onto poly( N -isopropylacrylamide- co -butylacrylate) (pNIPAM- co -BA) coatings were designed and obtained via matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) technique. The incorporation of cationic peptides magainin (MG) and melittin (Mel) and their combination was tailored to target synergistic anticancer and antibacterial activities with low toxicity on normal mammalian cells. Atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as well as contact angle and surface energy measurements revealed the successful and functional incorporation of both the peptides within porous polymeric nanolayers as well as surface modifications ( i...

Dental implant failures caused by bacterial infections are a significant concern for dental implantologists. We modified the titanium surface by depositing silver (Ti-Ag) using direct current (DC) sputtering and confirmed the formation of a 'nano coat' by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), surface profilometry and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed the deposition of a uniform nano Ag thin film. A gradual increase in thickness was observed, and the film thickness (530 nm) at 5 min deposition time (Ti-Ag5 ) resulted in a reduction of the water contact angle (WCA, 15%) and an increase in surface energy (SFE, 22%) in comparison to the uncoated Ti surface...

Streptomyces are a genus of ubiquitous soil bacteria from which the majority of clinically utilized antibiotics derive1 . The production of these antibacterial molecules reflects the relentless competition Streptomyces engage in with other bacteria, including other Streptomyces species1,2 . Here we show that in addition to small-molecule antibiotics, Streptomyces produce and secrete antibacterial protein complexes that feature a large, degenerate repeat-containing polymorphic toxin protein. A cryo-electron microscopy structure of these particles reveals an extended stalk topped by a ringed crown comprising the toxin repeats scaffolding five lectin-tipped spokes, which led us to name them umbrella particles...

Sulfur-containing natural products possess a variety of biological functions including antitumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities. In this study, four previously undescribed sulfur-containing compounds asperteretals L and M, terreins A and B, together with 17 known compounds were obtained from a culture of marine fungus A. terreus supplemented with inorganic sulfur source Na2 SO4 . Their planar structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by NMR, HRESIMS, and ECD experiments...

Self-healing hydrogel is a promising soft material for applications in wound dressings, drug delivery, tissue engineering, biomimetic electronic skin, and wearable electronic devices. However, it is a challenge to fabricate the self-healing hydrogels without external stimuli. Inspired by mussel, the metal-catechol complexes were introduced into the hydrogel systems to prepare the mussel-inspired hydrogels by regulating the gelation kinetics of Fe3+ crosslinkers with gallic acid (GA) in this research. The amine-functionalized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was grafted with GA and then chelated with Fe3+ to form a multi-response system...

Curcumin was widely designed as nanoparticles to remove application restrictions. The occurrence of flocculation is a primary factor limiting the application of the curcumin nano-delivery system. To enhance the environmental stress resistance and functional properties of shellac-curcumin nanoparticles (S-Cur-NPs), γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) was utilized as an anti-flocculant. The encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of S-Cur-NPs were also improved with γ-PGA incorporation. FTIR and XRD analysis confirmed the presence of amorphous characteristics in S-Cur-NPs and the combination of γ-PGA and shellac was driven by hydrogen bonding...

Macins are a family of antimicrobial peptides, which play multiple roles in the elimination of invading pathogens. In the present study, a macin was cloned and characterized from Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai (Designated as HdMac). Analysis of the conserved domain suggested that HdMac was a new member of the macin family. In non-stimulated abalones, HdMac transcripts were constitutively expressed in all five tested tissues, especially in hemocytes. After Vibrio harveyi stimulation, the expression of HdMac mRNA in hemocytes was significantly up-regulated at 12 hr (P < 0...

Effective drug delivery for is the foremost requirement for the complete recovery of the disease. Nanomedicine and nanoengineering has provided so many spaces and ideas for the drug delivery design, whether controlled, targeted, or sustained. Different types of nanocarriers or nanoparticles are aggressively designed for the drug delivery applications. Clay minerals are identified as a one of the potential nanocarrier for the drug delivery. Owing to their biocompatibility and very low cytotoxicity, clay minerals showing effective therapeutic applications...

In the current investigation, Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles and Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles were sustainably synthesized utilizing an extract derived from the Rumex dentatus plant through a green synthesis approach. The Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Ultra-violet visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Thermogravimetric analysis( TGA) techniques were used to examine the compositional, morphological, optical, and thermal properties of both samples...

OBJECTIVES: The goal of this investigation was to identify the main compounds and the pharmacological mechanism of the traditional Chinese medicine formulation, Gong Ying San (GYS), by infrared spectral absorption characteristics, metabolomics, network pharmacology, and molecular-docking analysis for mastitis. The antibacterial and antioxidant activities were determined in vitro. METHODS: The chemical constituents of GYS were detected by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography Q-extractive mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QE-MS)...

We aimed to perform a comprehensive study on the development and characterization of silymarin (Syl)-loaded niosomes as potential drug delivery systems. The results demonstrate significant novelty and promising outcomes in terms of morphology, size distribution, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro release behavior, free energy profiles of Syl across the niosome bilayer, hydrogen bonding interactions, antimicrobial properties, cytotoxicity, and in vivo evaluations. The physical appearance, size, and morphology assessment of free niosomes and Syl-loaded niosomes indicated stable and well-formed vesicular structures suitable for drug delivery...

RIG-I-like receptors and NOD-like receptors play pivotal roles in recognizing microbe-associated molecular patterns and initiating immune responses. The LGP2 and NOD2 proteins are important members of the RIG-I-like receptor and NOD-like receptor families, recognizing viral RNA and bacterial peptidoglycan (PGN), respectively. However, in some instances bacterial infections can induce LPG2 expression via a mechanism that remains largely unknown. In the current study, we found that LGP2 can compete with NOD2 for PGN binding and inhibit antibacterial immunity by suppressing the NOD2-RIP2 axis...

Aim: To investigate the antibacterial effects of Corydalis Saxicola bunting total alkaloid (CSBTA) on Porphyromonas gingivalis . Methods: SEM, chemical staining, RT-qPCR and ELISA were used to detect effects of CSBTA on P. gingivalis . Results: CSBTA treatment caused shrinkage and rupture of P. gingivalis morphology, decreased biofilm density and live bacteria in biofilm, as well as reduced mRNA expression of virulence genes hagA , hagB , kgp , rgpA and rgpB of P. gingivalis . Furthermore, NOK cells induced by CSBTA-treated P...

Bovine mastitis is a frequent infection in lactating cattle, causing great economic losses. Staphylococcus aureus represents the main etiological agent, which causes recurrent and persistent intramammary infections because conventional antibiotics are ineffective against it. Mastoparan-like peptides are multifunctional molecules with broad antimicrobial potential, constituting an attractive alternative. Nevertheless, their toxicity to host cells has hindered their therapeutic application. Previously, our group engineered three mastoparan-L analogs, namely mastoparan-MO, mastoparan-R1, and [I5 , R8 ] MP, to improve cell selectivity and potential...

In the contemporary era, heightened emphasis on health and safety has emerged as a paramount concern among individuals with food. The concepts of "natural" and "green" have progressively asserted dominance in the food consumption market. Consequently, through continuous exploration and development, an escalating array of natural bioactive ingredients is finding application in both nutrition delivery and the broader food industry. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a polyphenolic compound widely distributed in various plants in nature, has garnered significant attention...

Plasmonic nanozymes bring enticing prospects for catalytic sterilization by leveraging plasmon-engendered hot electrons. However, the interface between plasmons and nanozymes as the mandatory path of hot electrons receives little attention, and the mechanisms of plasmonic nanozymes still remain to be elucidated. Herein, a plasmonic carbon-dot nanozyme (FeCG) is developed by electrostatically assembling catalytic iron-doped carbon dots (Fe-CDs) with plasmonic gold nanorods. The energy harvesting and hot-electron migration are remarkably expedited by a spontaneous organic-inorganic heterointerface holding a Fermi level-induced interfacial electric field...

Anisotropic strain sensors capable of multidirectional sensing are crucial for advanced sensor applications in human motion detection. However, current anisotropic sensors encounter challenges in achieving a balance among high sensitivity, substantial stretchability, and a wide linear detection range. To address these challenges, a facile freeze-casting strategy was employed to construct oriented filler networks composed of carbon nanotubes and conductive carbon black within a brominated butyl rubber ionomer (iBIIR) matrix...

Managing bacterial pathogens in the central nervous system is an immense issue for researchers all around the globe. The problem of these infections remains throughout the population, regardless of the discovery of several possible medicines. The major obstacle to drug delivery is the BBB, but only a few medicines that fulfill demanding requirements can penetrate it. Considering inadequate antibiotic alternatives and the increasing development of resistance, it is more important than ever to find new approaches to address this worldwide problem...

In the present study, we have discussed the influence of forging temperature (623 K (FT623), 723 K (FT723) and 823 K (FT823)) on microstructure and texture evolution and its implication on mechanical behavior, in vitro - in vivo biocorrosion, antibacterial response, and cytocompatibility of microalloyed Mg-Zr-Sr-Ce alloy. Phase analysis, SEM, and TEM characterization confirm the presence of Mg12 Ce precipitate, and its stability was further validated by performing ab initio molecular dynamic simulation study...