premenstrual mood changes in young adults

BACKGROUND: Research has demonstrated associations between hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle and women's alcohol use. This association has been explained by mood changes that, for some women, accompany decreasing levels of progesterone during the menstrual cycle, particularly during the late luteal/premenstrual phase. The current study examined whether participants' daily ratings of mood interact with changing levels of progesterone to predict alcohol use. METHOD: Young adult women attended two sessions scheduled two weeks apart, during which they completed questionnaires and provided salivary samples for the assay of progesterone levels...

BACKGROUND: Most women experience premenstrual syndrome (PMS) at their reproductive age. PMS is a combination of psychological, physical and behavioral changes that interfere with familial communication and social activities. OBJECTIVES: Different methods have been suggested for treating PMS and one of them is herbal medicine. This study was done to evaluate the effects of curcumin on severity of PMS symptoms. METHODS: This research was a clinical trial, double-blinded study...

OBJECTIVE: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a disorder related to mood and appetite changes during the premenstrual phase. Unfortunately, the understanding of the pathophysiology of PMS is quite poor. Though, ghrelin and leptin play important roles in the control of food intake. The aim of this study was to evaluate leptin and ghrelin serum concentrations in PMS patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-five PMS patients diagnosed according to ICD-10 diagnostic criteria and 45 healthy women as a control group, were included in the study...

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate how women without and with different severity of premenstrual symptoms react to treatment with a combined oral contraceptive containing 250-mcg norgestimate/35-mcg ethinyl estradiol (EE). Focus was placed on mood and physical symptoms. STUDY DESIGN: This open, prospective study evaluated 24 women using norgestimate/EE for three cycles in a 21/7 regimen. Symptoms and bleeding pattern were captured by daily ratings on the Cyclicity Diagnoser scale...

The present study investigated whether salivary chromogranin A (CgA), a psychological stress marker associated with sympathetic nervous system activity, changes during the menstrual cycle in women with different degrees of premenstrual psychoemotional symptoms. Forty-five women (28.6 ± 1.3 years) with regular menstrual cycles participated in this study. Salivary CgA and cortisol were measured during the follicular and late-luteal phases. The authors used the Profile of Mood State (POMS) to assess current mood states of subjects in each menstrual phase and divided the subjects into three groups depending on increase of total mood disturbance (TMD), a global measure of affective states of POMS from the follicular to the late-luteal phase: Low (4...

Bipolar disorder and severe premenstrual syndrome (PMS) have many symptoms in common, but it is important to establish the correct diagnosis between a severe psychiatric disorder and an endocrine disorder appropriately treatable with hormones. The measurement of hormone levels is not helpful in making this distinction, as they are all premenopausal women with normal follicle-stimulating hormone and estradiol levels. The diagnosis of PMS should come from the history relating the occurrence of cyclical mood and behaviour changes with menstruation, the improvement during pregnancy, postnatal depression and the presence of runs of many good days a month and the somatic symptoms of mastalgia, bloating and headaches...

Premenstrual increases in negative mood are thought to arise from changes in gonadal hormone levels, presumably by influencing mood regulation and stress sensitivity. The amygdala plays a major role in this context, and animal studies suggest that gonadal hormones influence its morphology. Here, we investigated whether amygdala morphology changes over the menstrual cycle and whether this change explains differences in stress sensitivity. Twenty-eight young healthy women were investigated once during the premenstrual phase and once during the late follicular phase...

OBJECTIVE: To estimate response of diagnosis and symptom-based subtypes to sertraline treatment. METHODS: This was a secondary data analysis for women who were diagnosed with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) or premenstrual dysphoric disorder and treated in three National Institutes of Health-supported clinical trials (N=447). Three PMS subtypes were identified based on predominance of psychological, physical, or both symptom types. Scores for each symptom and a total premenstrual score at baseline and endpoint were calculated from daily symptom diaries...

The causal factors associated with increases in depressive symptoms among adolescent girls remain an area of theoretical debate, and the limited research considering a hormonal influence has provided mixed results. The goal of the present study was to test a set of longitudinal associations, that, if found, would provide support for a hormonal contribution to these changes. Specifically, this study tested the hypotheses that changes in depressive symptoms among adolescent girls would be associated with phase-specific symptoms of the menstrual cycle during early adulthood; that these associations would differ across three phases of the menstrual cycle; and that the pattern of associations would differ for changes in depressive symptoms during early- and late-adolescence...

OBJECTIVES: To determine patterns of premenstrual symptom experiences across the reproductive age range, and the effects of other factors on premenstrual symptoms. STUDY DESIGN: Global cross-sectional survey. Sample A total of 7226 women aged 15-49 recruited by random sampling with approximately 400 each from France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain, UK, Brazil, Mexico, Hong Kong, Pakistan and Thailand. Approximately 1000 women in Japan and Korea and 500 Australian women were found using Internet panels...

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates working memory deficit among women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and whether such a deficit and its premenstrual aggravation is associated with difficulty in concentrating, irritability, and impaired daily function or not. METHOD: Sixty women with PMDD (PMDD group) and 60 women without PMDD (control group) completed the assessment. Severity of irritability, difficulty concentrating, total symptoms, and functional impairment of PMDD were evaluated by the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare use of the weekly transdermal contraceptive patch (patch) with daily combined hormonal contraceptive pills (pills) in adolescents. DESIGN: Prospective longitudinal study of adolescents' self-selected (non-randomized) use of the patch or pills. SETTING: Urban, university hospital-affiliated, adolescent outpatient clinic. PARTICIPANTS: 13-22-year-old female adolescents seeking hormonal contraception, 40 who chose the patch and 40 who chose pills...

The acoustic startle response (ASR) is a withdrawal reflex to sudden or noxious auditory stimuli and, most importantly, an unbiased measure of emotional processing of appetitive and aversive stimuli. By exposing subjects to fearful situations, such as aversive pictures, the ASR may be enhanced, suggesting that amygdala modulates the startle circuit during threat situations. As one previous study, investigating affective modulation of the ASR in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), discovered no difference during picture viewing it is possible that the mood changes observed in PMDD relate to anxious anticipation rather than to direct stimulus responding...

BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether premenstrual asthma is associated with premenstrual syndrome. The objective of this study is to compare premenstrual symptoms among asthmatic women according to whether they have premenstrual asthma or not. METHODS: A questionnaire on respiratory symptoms during a single menstrual cycle was developed for asthmatics of fertile age, together with another on symptoms related to premenstrual syndrome. These included dysphoric-psychiatric symptoms (anxiety, depression, fatigue, irritability, and mood swings), edematous symptoms (abdominal and mammary tension, swelling, acne, and migraine), and other symptoms (leg pains, nausea, sweating, vomiting, and tiredness)...

BACKGROUND: Although seasonal affective disorder and premenstrual syndrome (PMS) are frequently observed in mood disorders, little is known as to whether lifetime traits of seasonality and premenstrual distress are related to bipolar disorder independent of mood episodes. This study aimed at investigating these two cyclic traits with respect to bipolar I and II disorders as well as evaluating the association between them. METHODS: Subjects included 61 female patients with bipolar I or II disorders and 122 healthy women...

Hormonal fluctuations across the menstrual cycle are thought to play a central role in premenstrual mood symptoms. In agreement, fluctuations in gonadal hormone levels affect brain processes in regions involved in emotion regulation. Recent findings, however, implicate psychological stress as a potential mediating factor and thus, we investigated whether effects of moderate psychological stress on relevant brain regions interact with menstrual cycle phase. Twenty-eight healthy women were tested in a crossover design with menstrual cycle phase (late luteal versus late follicular) and stress (stress induction versus control) as within-subject factors...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: The gynecologic issues of adolescents with disabilities are understudied. The purpose of this study was to identify and compare the presenting complaints, treatments, and follow-up of adolescent girls with Down syndrome (DS), autism, and cerebral palsy (CP) presenting to a specialized gynecologic clinic for women with developmental disabilities. SETTING: Outpatient gynecology clinic. PARTICIPANTS: Forty four adolescents (<21 y); 13 with DS, 14 with autism, and 17 with CP who presented to the clinic from 1999 to 2006...

Some epidemiologic data reveal how difficult detecting atypic bipolar disorders is: 9 years of progression before the diagnosis is properly established and a specific treatment is initiated, and intervention of 4 to 5 different specialists. Incomplete symptomatology, impulsive actions, periodic alcohol abuse, compulsive buying behaviors, acute delusional episodes, medicolegal actions and comorbidities can hide or modify bipolar symptomatology. Bipolarity should be systematically screened for in case of substance abuse (40 to 60 percent of bipolar disorders), anxiety disorders (panic disorder, generalized anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorders etc...

The relationship between mood changes and the menstrual cycle has been recognized for many years. Initial treatments involved removal of the ovaries to prevent fluctuation of oestradiol, but this was also associated with the long-term effects of hypo-oestrogenism such as osteoporosis or heart disease. More recently, the use of high-dose oestrogen has been explored with some success. A diagnosis of hormone-related depression is made on the history, where the problem is worse at a time of hormone fluctuation such as occurs in the premenstrual phase, in the postnatal period and in the years leading up to the menopause...

OBJECTIVE: The cyclic variation of physical and psychological phenomena has been accepted as a natural consequence of the cyclicity of the human female reproductive function. The exact nature of these changes, however, has not been fully understood. The aim of our study was to investigate the fluctuation of psychological and physical symptoms throughout the female reproductive cycle in healthy, non-PMDD women. METHOD: 63 psychiatrically healthy, non-PMDD women with normal regular menstrual cycles and not using hormonal contraceptive methods participated in the study...