Bite raising appliance

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This study investigates the structural adaptation of the mandibular bone when subjected to different masticatory functional and mechanical demands during growth. The effect of two experimental factors, the insertion of a bite block and the alteration of food consistency, on the bone mineral density (BMD) of the mandible was investigated in growing rats. Fifty-two male albino rats were divided into two equal groups, fed with either the standard hard diet or soft diet, at the age of four weeks. After two weeks, half the animals in both groups had their upper molars fitted with an upper posterior bite block...

Functional appliances displace the mandible forward and/or downward, causing a stretching of the orofacial soft tissues, muscles included. The resulting forces are directly or indirectly transmitted to the underlying dento-skeletal tissues. The hypothesis underlying the present investigation was that the insertion of a bite-opening appliance influences the lateral morphology of the rat mandible during growth, and that, moreover, this influence depends on the masticatory functional demands. One-hundred and four 4-wk-old male albino rats were divided into two groups, fed a hard and soft diet, respectively...

Dahl partial bite-raising appliances have been used over the past 30 years for the management of occlusal tooth tissue loss, particularly in patients who have lost normal occlusal vertical dimension. The more recent use of Dahl-type appliances for individual teeth has changed the restorative management of patients with localized anterior tooth erosion. The Dahl treatment principle can be applied to those patients with and without the loss of occlusal vertical dimension. Palatal bite-raising platforms can be used to re-establish anterior tooth guidance for disocclusion of the posterior teeth without occlusal interferences...

Lip sucking and lip biting in the primary-dentition period can cause the upper incisors to tip labially and the lower incisors to collapse lingually with the lower lip wedged between the upper and lower anterior teeth. The resulting lip incompetence further aggravates maxillary protrusion. Thus, there is a causal relationship between lip sucking/lip biting and maxillary protrusion. Orofacial myologists provide lip training to activate the flaccid upper lip and raise the child's awareness to help stop the sucking or biting of the lower lip, sometimes using an oral screen...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of conscious bite (occlusal awareness), with or without immediate bite raising, on tongue thrust during swallowing and speech. A total of 110 untreated children (age range, 7-12 years; mean, 9 years 8 months) were examined with various extraoral and intraoral observation tests. Subjects were divided according to sex and score on the labiolingual dysfunction index (LLDI) into high (LLDI-H) and weak (LLDI-W) dysfunction groups. A special, previously tested chocolate paste was used to map tongue and tooth contacts during task performance, including conscious bite (occlusal awareness) with and without bite raising...

Although the occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) is strictly controlled, the neuronal mechanism of its regulation is still unclear. We hypothesize that neurons in the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus (MesV) play an important role in the regulation of the OVD, because the MesV receives the projection from jaw-closing muscle spindles and periodontal mechanoreceptors. We measured the temporal OVD change in the guinea pig to study the effects of MesV lesions on the OVD. OVD-raised animals without MesV lesions showed a rapid OVD decrease to the same level as that in naïve controls, followed by an OVD increase after the OVD-raising appliance was removed...

In humans, the inappropriate occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) causes several orofacial disorders, such as bruxism and pain in the masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joint. However, it is still unclear how strictly the OVD is adjusted. To answer this question, we studied the temporal change of the OVD in bite-raised young guinea pigs. The OVD was raised by fixation of a bite-raising appliance to the lower incisors, and increased by either 3 or 1.5 mm at the first molars. After the space produced between the upper and lower molars was filled within 10 days due to eruption of the molars, the appliance was removed...

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (LNS), a rare inborn error of metabolism, is characterized by self-injurious behaviour, which results in partial or total destruction of oral and perioral tissues and/or fingers and hands. Prevention of self-mutilation raises significant difficulties. Treatment modalities include drug therapy, extraction of teeth, oral appliances and orthognathic surgery, all with variable success. A case of a 10-year-old boy with aggressive behaviour and severe lower lip injuries is presented. A palatal plate fabricated to raise the anterior bite proved to have satisfactory results...

The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of normal and hypofunctional masticatory muscles on dento-skeletal adaptation to posterior bite blocks in growing rats. Fifty-two young male rats were divided into two groups, fed a hard and soft diet, respectively, to develop different functional capacities in the masticatory muscles. Bone markers were inserted in the mandible on day 0. After two weeks, an appliance that raised the bite by 2 mm was inserted in half of each group. Lateral radiographs were taken on day 0, 14, 28, and 42 of the experiment...

If incisor overbite in the matter of orthodontic treatment entails difficulties with the appliances due to excessive overbite of the incisors, involving an anterior bite raiser to enable the unlocking of the occlusion and the bonding of the brackets on the anterior mandibular teeth poses the problem of the vertical behavior of the masticatory apparatus during treatment. A profile teleradiograph was therefore taken at the beginning of treatment and again once the occlusion had been lifted due to the presence of the bite raiser and within a period of three months...

In orthodontics, incisor overbite has always been considered as an anomaly difficult to correct but also as the one most hindering the solving of the problems resulting from other associated malpositions. The recent concept of unlocking, introduced by the bioprogressive School, proves that the profession has become aware of its importance in any orthodontic treatment plan. Due to the fact that overbite also hinders the setting up of inferior brackets or forces the practitioner to bond them in a position liable to burden the parodontal health of the lower incisors has therefore induced the author to put in place, at the beginning of the treatment with the Tip-Edge technique, an anterior bite raiser thus generating space in the lateral sectors...

Profound neuro-disability due to severe brain damage affects approximately 1200 people per year in the UK. Approximately half of these patients exhibit exaggerated or abnormal oral reflexes. Biting, bruxism and ruminating movements may result in dental or soft tissue trauma, with severe lip or tongue lacerations. This paper describes 10 patients referred to the dental department at the Royal Hospital for Neuro-disability with lip bites and/or severe bruxism, during a 12-month period. Management options include: monitoring the lesion; smoothing teeth; providing a bite raising appliance; or extracting teeth...

The aim of this series of investigations was to study the effect of masticatory muscle function on the growth pattern and on the internal structure of the mandible during growth. The muscular and dentoskeletal growth adaptation to prolonged bite-raising and the role of the functional state of the masticatory muscles in this adaptation were also to be elucidated. Differences in masticatory muscle function were induced in young rats by altering the consistency of the diet. Bite-raising was produced by the insertion of posterior bite blocks...

UNLABELLED: Occlusal splints (Michigan splints, night/bite guards or bite-raising appliances) can be an effective, inexpensive and reversible treatment for a wide range of dental problems. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyse retrospectively the provision of occlusal splint ('Michigan' type) in general dental practice, following a prescription by a restorative dental consultant. METHOD: One hundred patients were recruited from consultant clinics in a department of conservative dentistry during 1995 and 1996...

The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of prolonged muscular elongation induced by bite-raising on the length of the muscle belly, sarcomeres and aponeurosis of the anterior deep masseter in the growing rat. Another aim was to determine the role of different functional conditions of this muscle in the adaptation process. Ninety-six young male rats were split into two groups: one was fed a hard diet and the other a soft diet to develop different functional capacities in the masticatory muscles. After 2 wk, half of the rats in both groups were fitted with an appliance that raised the bite by 2 mm...

The vertebrate articular tissue consists of collagen fibers embedded in a ground substance. Collagen resists tensile forces, while proteoglycans in the ground substance provide resilience and resistance to compression. It was hypothesized that unilateral bite raise would induce increasing expression of proteoglycans in TMJ articular tissues. As a test of this hypothesis, six- and nine-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats received unilateral bite-raising appliances bonded to their right upper molars for 4 wks. A group of nine-week-old rats was housed for an additional 4 wks after removal of the appliances they had worn for 4 wks...

The effect on isometric strength of the shoulders and limbs while biting in habitual occlusion, on a bite-elevating appliance and on a placebo appliance was analyzed. Twenty female volunteer patients, presenting with temporomandibular pain dysfunction syndrome and obvious loss of vertical dimension, served as subjects. All were weaker to the manual application of the isometric Deltoid Press (IDP) when biting, as opposed to maintaining the mandible in an unsupported rest position. Two intraoral appliances were fabricated for each subject: a bite-elevating appliance (BEA) set by a functional criterion of peak strength to the IDP and a placebo appliance which did not interfere with occlusion but was "set" with a mock IDP procedure...

This article describes the restorative treatment of a 49-year-old woman whose lower anterior teeth had over-erupted, reducing the space available for a denture. Areas of the acrylic resin had fractured off her upper cobalt/chromium denture. The treatment plan and a variety of the treatment planning options are discussed. The initial treatment provided included an upper bite-raising appliance and routine periodontal and restorative treatment. This was followed by full coronal coverage of 6, 4 and 6 incorporating rest seat preparations and guide planes and the provision of the definitive cobalt/chromium overdenture...