zikv

Zoonoses such as ZIKV and SARS-CoV-2 pose a severe risk to global health. There is urgent need for broad antiviral strategies based on host-targets filling gaps between pathogen emergence and availability of therapeutic or preventive strategies. Significant reduction of pathogen titers decreases spread of infections and thereby ensures health systems not being overloaded and public life to continue. Based on previously observed interference with FGFR1/2-signaling dependent impact on interferon stimulated genes (ISGs)-expression, we identified Pim kinases as promising druggable cellular target...

Zika virus (ZIKV) and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) are antigenically related flaviviruses that co-circulate in many countries/territories. The interaction between the two viruses needs to be determined. Recent findings by ourselves and other labs showed that JEV-elicited antibodies (Abs) and CD8+ T cells exacerbate and protect against subsequent ZIKV infection, respectively. However, the impact of JEV envelope (E) protein domain III (EDIII)-induced immune responses on ZIKV infection is unclear. We show here that sera from JEV-EDIII-vaccinated mice cross-react with ZIKV-EDIII in vitro, and transfer of the same sera to mice significantly decreases death upon lethal ZIKV infection at a dose-dependent manner...

Zika virus (ZIKV), an arbovirus from the Flaviviridae family, is the causative agent of Zika fever, a mild and frequent oligosymptomatic disease in humans. Nonetheless, on rare occasions, ZIKV infection can be associated with Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS), and severe congenital complications, such as microcephaly. The oligosymptomatic disease, however, presents symptoms that are quite similar to those observed in infections caused by other frequent co-circulating arboviruses, including dengue virus (DENV)...

BACKGROUND: Zika virus (ZIKV) has spread to five of the six World Health Organization (WHO) regions. Given the substantial number of asymptomatic infections and clinical presentations resembling those of other arboviruses, estimating the true burden of ZIKV infections is both challenging and essential. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of seroprevalence studies of ZIKV IgG in asymptomatic population to estimate its global impact and distribution. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We conducted extensive searches and compiled a collection of articles published from Jan/01/2000, to Jul/31/2023, from Embase, Pubmed, SciELO, and Scopus databases...

Mosquito-borne viruses cause more than 400 million annual infections and place over half of the world's population at risk. Despite this importance, the mechanisms by which arboviruses infect the mosquito host and disseminate to tissues required for transmission are not well understood. Here, we provide evidence that mosquito immune cells, known as hemocytes, play an integral role in the dissemination of dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) in the mosquito Aedes aegypti . We establish that phagocytic hemocytes are a focal point for virus infection and demonstrate that these immune cell populations facilitate virus dissemination to the ovaries and salivary glands...

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection and pathogenesis are linked to the disruption of neurogenesis, congenital Zika syndrome and microcephaly by affecting neural progenitor cells. Nonstructural protein 5 (NS5) is the largest product encoded by ZIKV-RNA and is important for replication and immune evasion. Here, we studied the potential effects of NS5 on microtubules (MTs) and autophagy flux, together with the interplay of NS5 with histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6). Fluorescence microscopy, biochemical cell-fractionation combined with the use of HDAC6 mutants, chemical inhibitors and RNA interference indicated that NS5 accumulates in nuclear structures and strongly promotes the acetylation of MTs that aberrantly reorganize in nested structures...

Infectious diseases caused by arboviruses are a public health concern in Pakistan. However, the studies on data prevalence and threats posed by arboviruses are limited. This study investigated the seroprevalence of arboviruses in a healthy population in Pakistan, including severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), Tamdy virus (TAMV), and Karshi virus (KSIV) based on a newly established luciferase immunoprecipitation system (LIPS) assays, and Zika virus (ZIKV) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA)...

OBJECTIVES: Our study targets the potential of the local urban mosquito Aedes aegypti to experimentally transmit chikungunya virus (CHIKV), dengue virus (DENV), yellow fever virus (YFV), and Zika virus (ZIKV). METHODS: We collected eggs and adults of Ae. aegypti in Medellín, Colombia (from February to March 2020) for mosquito experimental infections with DENV, CHIKV, YFV and ZIKV and viral detection using the BioMark Dynamic arrays system. RESULTS: We show that Ae...

Mosquito-borne flaviviruses such as dengue (DENV) and Zika (ZIKV) cause hundreds of millions of infections annually. The single-stranded RNA genome of flaviviruses is translated into a polyprotein, which is cleaved equally into individual functional proteins. While structural proteins are packaged into progeny virions and released, most of the nonstructural proteins remain intracellular and could become cytotoxic if accumulated over time. However, the mechanism by which nonstructural proteins are maintained at the levels optimal for cellular fitness and viral replication remains unknown...

Zika virus (ZIKV) infections have been associated with severe clinical outcomes, which may include neurological manifestations, especially in newborns with intrauterine infection. However, licensed vaccines and specific antiviral agents are not yet available. Therefore, a safe and low-cost therapy is required, especially for pregnant women. In this regard, metformin, an FDA-approved drug used to treat gestational diabetes, has previously exhibited an anti-ZIKA effect in vitro in HUVEC cells by activating AMPK...

BACKGROUND: Vertical transmission (VT) of arboviruses (arthropod-borne viruses) can serve as an essential link in the transmission cycle during adverse environmental conditions. The extent of VT among mosquito-borne arboviruses can vary significantly among different virus families and even among different viruses within the same genus. For example, orthobunyaviruses exhibit a higher VT rate than orthoflaviviruses and alphaviruses. Mosquitoes are also the natural hosts of a large number of insect-specific viruses (ISV) that belong to several virus families, including Bunyaviridae, Flaviviridae, and Togaviridae...

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging flavivirus associated with several neurological diseases such as Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults and microcephaly in newborn children. Its distribution and mode of transmission (via Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes) collectively cause ZIKV to be a serious concern for global health. High genetic homology of flaviviruses and shared ecology is a hurdle for accurate detection. Distinguishing infections caused by different viruses based on serological recognition can be misleading as many anti-flavivirus monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) discovered to date are highly cross-reactive, especially those against the envelope (E) protein...

UNLABELLED: Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that caused an epidemic in the Americas in 2016 and is linked to severe neonatal birth defects, including microcephaly and spontaneous abortion. To better understand the host response to ZIKV infection, we adapted the 10× Genomics Chromium single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) assay to simultaneously capture viral RNA and host mRNA. Using this assay, we profiled the antiviral landscape in a population of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells infected with ZIKV at the single-cell level...

The contact structure between vertebrate hosts and arthropod vectors plays a key role in the spread of arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses); thus, it is important to determine whether arbovirus infection of either host or vector alters vector feeding behavior. Here we leveraged a study of the replication dynamics of two arboviruses isolated from their ancestral cycles in paleotropical forests, sylvatic dengue-2 (DENV-2) and Zika (ZIKV), in one non-human primate (NHP) species from the paleotropics (cynomolgus macaques, Macaca fascicularis ) and one from the neotropics (squirrel monkeys, Saimiri boliviensis ) to test the effect of both vector and host infection with each virus on completion of blood feeding (engorgement) of the mosquito Aedes albopictus ...

BACKGROUND: Mosquito-borne arboviruses are expanding their territory and elevating their infection prevalence due to the rapid climate change, urbanization, and increased international travel and global trade. Various significant arboviruses, including the dengue virus, Zika virus, Chikungunya virus, and yellow fever virus, are all reliant on the same primary vector, Aedes aegypti. Consequently, the occurrence of arbovirus coinfection in mosquitoes is anticipated. Arbovirus coinfection in mosquitoes has two patterns: simultaneous and sequential...

Arboviruses can emerge rapidly and cause explosive epidemics of severe disease. Some of the most epidemiologically important arboviruses, including dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), Chikungunya (CHIKV) and yellow fever virus (YFV), are transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, most notably Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. After a mosquito blood feeds on an infected host, virus enters the midgut and infects the midgut epithelium. The virus must then overcome a series of barriers before reaching the mosquito saliva and being transmitted to a new host...

The interpretation for Zika virus serology results is challenging due to high antibody cross reactivity with other flaviviruses. This limits availability of reliable and accurate methods for serosurveillance studies to understand the disease burden. Therefore, we conducted study to harmonize anti-Zika IgG antibody detection assays with 1st WHO International Standard (16/352) and working standard (16/320) for anti-Zika virus antibody.Additionally, evaluated NuGenTM ZIKA-IgG and NovaLisa®ZIKA virus IgG-Capture ELISA using a panel of 278 seraFurther, 106 samples positive for other-flavi viruses were taken for assessing cross-reactivity of the assay, all serums were further tested by Zika-PRNT...

The Zika virus (ZIKV) is a serious global public health crisis. A major control challenge is its multiple transmission modes. This paper aims to simulate the transmission patterns of ZIKV using a dynamic process-based epidemiological model written in ordinary differential equations, which incorporates the human-to-mosquito infection by bites and sewage, mosquito-to-human infection by bites, and human-to-human infection by sex. Mathematical analyses are carried out to calculate the basic reproduction number and backward bifurcation, and prove the existence and stability of the equilibria...

We investigated the interaction between the insect-specific virus, Piura virus (PIUV), and the arbovirus Zika virus (ZIKV) in Aedes albopictus cells. We performed coinfection experiments in C6/36 cells. Piura virus (Cor 33 strain, Colombia) and ZIKV (PRVABC58 strain, Puerto Rico) were co-inoculated into C6/36 cells using two multiplicity of infection (MOI) combinations: 0.1 for both viruses and 1.0 for ZIKV, 0.1 for PIUV. Wells were infected in triplicate with either PIUV and ZIKV coinfection, ZIKV-only, or PIUV-only...

Zika virus (ZIKV) can cause neurological issues in infants. To provide protection, neutralizing antibodies should be transferred from the mother to the infant. We conducted a study at the Hospital General de Pochutla, Oaxaca, Mexico. Samples were collected from mothers (blood and breast milk) and infants (saliva and dried blood spots) within the first 12 postnatal hours (December 2017 to February 2018) and tested for ZIKV total and neutralizing antibodies as well as ZIKV-PCR. Microcephaly was evaluated according to INTERGROWTH-21st standards...