blood gas analysis

AIM: This prospective cohort study aimed to compare the predictive accuracy of outcome (survival/death) among trauma patients using various prognostic scores. METHODS: Over 3 months, 240 trauma patients in a tertiary care hospital were assessed for demographic details, trauma characteristics, vital signs, Glasgow coma scale, arterial blood gas values, and lab markers. Injury severity score (ISS), revised trauma score (RTS), trauma and injury severity score (TRISS), and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) were applied at admission, 24 hours, and 48 hours post-admission...

BACKGROUND: In a critically ill patient, when an arterial blood sample is processed on an arterial blood gas (ABG) analyzer, it also measures electrolytes apart from analyzing the blood gases. The turnaround time for ABG analysis is way too less compared to the conventional electrolyte analysis with a serum sample. OBJECTIVE: This study intends to investigate whether values of electrolytes estimated in arterial blood can substitute the routinely practiced method...

AIM: To explore the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota in patients with lung cancer accompanied by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (LC-COPD). METHODS: The study cohort comprised 15 patients with LC-COPD, 49 patients with lung cancer, and 18 healthy control individuals. ELISA was used to detect inflammatory factors in venous blood. 16S rDNA sequencing was performed to determine the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to determine the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces samples...

Isovaleric acidemia (IVA) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that manifests as a deficiency of isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IVD), a key enzyme in leucine metabolism. The clinical presentations associated with IVD deficiency are variable and include feeding intolerance, vomiting, metabolic acidosis, ketonemia, "sweaty feet" odor, lethargy, coma and even death. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) methods were used to perform organic acid analysis of blood and urine samples from IVA patients, and the genetic analysis included next generation sequencing (NGS) and Sanger sequencing of the IVD gene...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between PaCO2 and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) failure in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed in a respiratory ICU of a teaching hospital. Patients admitted to ICU between 2011 and 2019 were screened. We enrolled the patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure. However, patients who used NIV due to acute-on-chronic respiratory failure or heart failure were excluded. Data before the use of NIV were collected...

BACKGROUND: Several novel synthetic cannabinoids, including methyl 2-(1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-1Hindazole-3-carboxamido)-3-methylbutanoate (AMB-FUBINACA), have recently surfaced on the illicit drug market. To determine the pharmacokinetic properties (half-life, volume of distribution, and clearance) of AMB-FUBINACA in rats plasma, a straightforward, quick, and highly sensitive analytical approach was developed. METHODS: Eighteen Wistar rats were divided into two groups: one control (saline vehicle) and one treatment group (AMB-FUBINACA at 50 mg/kg)...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Considerate patient selection is vital to ensure best possible outcomes after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) insertion. However, data regarding the impact of intrapulmonary vascular dilatations (IPVD) or hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) on the clinical course after TIPS implantation is lacking. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the relevance of IPVD and HPS in patients undergoing TIPS implantation. METHODS: Contrast enhanced echocardiography and blood gas analysis were utilized to determine presence of IPVD and HPS...

BACKGROUND: Danhong injection, a compound injection of Chinese herbal medicine, has been widely used in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) at present as an adjuvant treatment. However, the clinical efficacy and molecular mechanism of IPF are still unclear. This study will evaluate and explore the clinical efficacy and molecular mechanism of Danhong injection in the treatment of IPF. METHODS: In meta-analysis, the computer was used to search 8 databases (PubMed, EMbase, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, CBM, CNKI, WanFang, and VIP) to collect the RCTs, and RevMan 5...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate discrepancies in potassium measurements between point-of-care testing (POCT) and central laboratory (CL) methods, focusing on the impact of hemolysis on these measurements and its impact in the clinical practice in the emergency department (ED). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted using data from three European university hospitals: Technische Universitat Munchen (Germany), Hospital Universitario La Paz (Spain), and Erasmus University Medical Center (The Netherlands)...

Background: Transient hypoxia-induced deoxyhemoglobin (dOHb) has recently been shown to represent a comparable contrast to gadolinium-based contrast agents for generating resting perfusion measures in healthy subjects. Here, we investigate the feasibility of translating this non-invasive approach to patients with brain tumors. Methods: A computer-controlled gas blender was used to induce transient precise isocapnic lung hypoxia and thereby transient arterial dOHb during echo-planar-imaging acquisition in a cohort of patients with different types of brain tumors (n = 9)...

BACKGROUND: Warm ischemia time (WIT) and ischemia-reperfusion injury are limiting factors for vascularized composite allograft (VCA) transplantation. Subnormothermic machine perfusion (SNMP) has demonstrated the potential to extend WIT in organ transplantation. This study evaluates the effect of SNMP on VCA viability after prolonged WIT. METHODS: Rat hindlimbs underwent WIT for 30, 45, 60, 120, 150, or 210 min, followed by 3-h SNMP. Monitoring of perfusion parameters and outflow determined the maximum WIT compatible with limb viability after SNMP...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The use of multiple tests, including spirometry, arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis and overnight oximetry (OvOx), is highly recommended to monitor the respiratory function of patients with motor neuron disease (MND). In this study, we propose a composite score to simplify the respiratory management of MND patients and better stratify their prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We screened the clinical charts of 471 non-ventilated MND patients referred to the Neuro-rehabilitation Unit of the San Raffaele Scientific Institute of Milan (January 2001-December 2019), collecting spirometric, ABG and OvOx parameters...

A 34-year-old Sri Lankan man presented with multiple episodes of vomiting following accidental ingestion of 100 ml of indoxacarb (Avaunt). He had a significant saturation gap (discrepancy between oxygen saturation [98%] in blood gas analysis and saturation on pulse oximetry [70%] in finger pulse oximetry), the color of the blood was muddy brown, and the methemoglobin level (60%) was high in the blood gas analysis. A diagnosis of methemoglobinemia secondary to indoxacarb poisoning was made, and he was treated with methylene blue with a favorable outcome...

Protonated ions of fucose-containing oligosaccharides are prone to undergo internal glycan rearrangement which results in chimeric fragments that obfuscate mass-spectrometric analysis. Lack of accessible tools that would facilitate systematic analysis of glycans in the gas phase limits our understanding of this phenomenon. In this work, we use density functional theory modeling to interpret cryogenic IR spectra of Lewis a and blood group type H1 trisaccharides and to establish whether these trisaccharides undergo the rearrangement during gas-phase analysis...

BACKGROUND: The Lung Ultrasound (LUS) is routinely used as a point-of-care imaging tool in Emergency Department (ED) and its role in COVID-19 is being studied. The Lung UltraSound Score (LUSS) is a semi quantitative score of lung damage severity. Alongside instrumental diagnostic, the PaO2/FiO2 (P/F) ratio, obtained from arterial blood gas analysis, is the index used to assess the severity of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), according to the Berlin definition. OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of the study was to evaluate a possible correlation between the LUSS score and the P/F Ratio, obtained from the arterial sampling in COVID-19 positive patients...

Early detection of biliary atresia is crucial for timely intervention and improved outcomes in infants with elevated conjugated bilirubin levels. This study aims to investigate the viability of cord blood gas analysis as a novel method for assessing conjugated bilirubin levels. Infants with high heel stick levels also showed elevated cord blood bilirubin levels, indicating that cord blood testing could replace the need for repeat heel stick tests, especially benefiting low birth weight infants. Ongoing research, including larger cohorts and alternative bilirubin measurement methods, will further validate this innovative screening approach...

A 3-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat and a 2-year-old male neutered Labrador-mix dog were separately presented to the Veterinary Medical Center for evaluation after sustaining significant muscle trauma due to a dog attack and seizure activity, respectively. In both cases, biochemical analysis was consistent with rhabdomyolysis. Additionally, a markedly increased measured serum bicarbonate concentration and negative calculated anion gap were observed. As these biochemical abnormalities were not expected and deemed incompatible with life, an interference with the analyzer measurement of bicarbonate involving marked increases in pyruvate and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) following myocyte injury was suspected...

The Milk-Alkali syndrome (MAS) is identified by the triad of high serum levels of calcium, metabolic alkalosis, and acute kidney injury, usually caused by consuming excessive amounts of calcium and absorbable alkali. If not treated promptly, the syndrome can result in rapid hypercalcemia, acute renal failure, and metastatic calcification. Notably, an increasing number of cases of MAS have been observed, potentially due to the rampant use of calcium-based over-the-counter supplements for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women...

Ultra high frequency (UHF) ultrasound enables the visualization of very small structures that cannot be detected by conventional ultrasound. The utilization of UHF imaging as a new imaging technique for the 3D-in-vivo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model can facilitate new insights into tissue perfusion and survival. Therefore, human renal cystic tissue was grafted onto the CAM and examined using UHF ultrasound imaging. Due to the unprecedented resolution of UHF ultrasound, it was possible to visualize microvessels, their development, and the formation of anastomoses...

Life activities, such as respiration, are accomplished through the continuous shape modulation of cells, tissues, and organs. Developing smart materials with shape-morphing capability is a pivotal step toward life-like systems and emerging technologies of wearable electronics, soft robotics, and biomimetic actuators. Drawing inspiration from cells, smart vesicular systems have been assembled to mimic the biological shape modulation. This would enable the understanding of cellular shape adaptation and guide the design of smart materials with shape-morphing capability...