nexium

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Bleeding is one of the common adverse events of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), which is mainly caused by endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST). At present, it remains unclear whether proton pump inhibitor (PPI) should be used to prevent post-EST bleeding. Therefore, we performed a randomized controlled trial to investigate whether PPI is effective in the prevention of post-EST delayed bleeding. METHODS: Consecutive eligible patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to experimental group (PPI group) or control group (normal saline, NS group)...

BACKGROUND: Esomeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), is widely used to treat acid-related disorders, but it has short plasma half-life which can cause insufficient gastric acid suppression, such as nocturnal acid breakthrough. A new dual delayed-release (DR) formulation of esomeprazole (Esomezol DR), was developed to extend the duration of gastric acid suppression. PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PKs) and pharmacodynamics (PDs) of esomeprazole for the DR formulation compared to a conventional enteric-coated (EC) formulation (Nexium) in healthy male subjects...

Esomeprazole magnesium (EMP) is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) that reduces acid secretion. EMP has a short plasma half-life (approximately 1.3 h); hence, nocturnal acid breakthrough (NAB) frequently occurs, disturbing the patient's nighttime comfort and sleep. We aimed to develop a novel esomeprazole magnesium-loaded dual-release mini-tablet polycap (DR polycap) with a prolonged onset time and improved bioavailability to prevent NAB. The formulation of the EPM mini-tablet core resulted in rapid drug release...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Efficacy of proton pump inhibitors is limited in patients with nonerosive reflux disease (NERD). The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the efficacy and safety of esomeprazole with sodium bicarbonate and esomeprazole alone. METHODS: This was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, noninferiority comparative study. A total of 379 patients with NERD were randomly allocated to receive either EsoduoⓇ (esomeprazole 20 mg with sodium bicarbonate 800 mg) or NexiumⓇ (esomeprazole 20 mg) once daily for 4 weeks from January 2019 to December 2019...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs), frequently prescribed to lower gastric acid secretion, often exert an effect on the absorption of co-medicated drug products. A previous study showed decreased plasma levels of the lipophilic drug ritonavir after co-administration with the PPI Nexium (40 mg esomeprazole), even though duodenal concentrations were not affected. The present study explored if a PPI-induced decrease in gastrointestinal (GI) fluid volume might contribute to the reduced absorption of ritonavir. In an exploratory cross-over study, five volunteers were given a Norvir tablet (100 mg ritonavir) orally, once without PPI pre-treatment and once after a three-day pre-treatment with the PPI esomeprazole...

"An important objective of modern pharmaceutical research is the discovery of new medical uses for known molecules" (UKSC 2018), a component of secondary pharmaceuticals. This Viewpoint's focus is the defense of the vulnerable strategy of secondary pharmaceutical patents (SPPs). Typical claims thereof are new medical uses, dosage, selection, and enatiomer patents. The attacks on secondary pharmaceuticals, including chiral switches, use negative-connotation terms, such as "evergreening", "product hopping", and "pejorative"...

WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: Esomeprazole, the S-isomer of omeprazole, is a proton pump inhibitor which has been approved by over 125 countries, also known as NEXIUM® . Esomeprazole was developed to provide further improvement on efficacy for acid-related diseases with higher systemic bioavailability due to the less first-pass metabolism and lower plasma clearance. Esomeprazole is primarily metabolized by CYP2C19. Approximately <1% of Caucasians and 5%-10% of Asians have absent CYP2C19 enzyme activity...

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the association between industry payments and prescriptions of 2 brand-name proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs). STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional retrospective. SETTING: Physicians nationwide. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We identified all physicians receiving industry payments for Dexilant and Nexium 2014-2015 from the Open Payments database. We linked this to records of prescriptions for PPIs paid for by Medicare Part D these same years and compared the proportion of prescriptions written for Dexilant and Nexium in industry-compensated vs nonindustry compensated physicians...

Due to the instability of esomeprazole magnesium dihydrate (EPM), a proton pump inhibitor, in gastric fluid, enteric-coated dosage form is commonly used for therapeutic application. In this study, we prepared new gastric fluid resistant solid dispersions (SDs) containing alkalizers. Then, new mechanistic evidence regarding the effects of pharmaceutical alkalizers on the aqueous stability of EPM in simulated gastric fluid was investigated. The alkalizer-loaded SD were prepared by dissolving or dispersing EPM, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) 6 cps, and an alkalizer, in ethanol 50% (v/v) followed by spray drying...

A patient suffering from Zollinger-Ellison was treated with Nexium, but after patent expiry only the costs of generic omeprazol were reimbursed. Generic tablets and capsules, pantoprazol and rabeprazol, were tried without success and finally the pharmacist dispensed Nexium at his own expense. Registered generic drugs have been shown to be bioequivalent with the originator drug within narrow margins. When two batches of the originator are compared, the same requirements are valid. Although the subject has received a lot of negative publicity, meta-analyses on outcome comparison support generic substitution; problems associated with switching can be partially explained by the loss of trust in the treatment, and differences in appearance also cause confusion...

Omeprazole (Prilosec®) is a selective and irreversible proton pump inhibitor used to treat various medical conditions related to the production of excess stomach acids. It functions by suppressing secretion of those acids. Radiolabeled compounds are commonly employed in the drug discovery and development process to support efforts including library screening, target identification, receptor binding, assay development and validation and safety assessment. Herein, we describe synthetic approaches to the controlled and selective labeling of omeprazole with tritium via hydrogen isotope exchange chemistry...

To reduce the drug plasma concentration fluctuation without being destroyed by gastric fluid, novel Esomeprazole magnesium modified-release pellets (EMZ-MRPs) with suitable in vitro release profiles and good in vitro and in vivo correlation (IVIVC) were developed. Fluid-bed was used to obtain EMZ-loaded pellets by spraying drug suspension onto blank sugar pellets. The drug-loaded pellets were subsequently coated with Eudragit® RS30D/RL30D (ERS/ERL) aqueous dispersion to achieve sustained-release (SR) characteristics...

BACKGROUND & PROBLEMS: When oral intake is inadequate or not recommended for patients with underlying diseases or specific treatments, it is common for these patients to receive nutrition enterally through a nasogastric tube. However, tube occlusion is a common complication of enteral feeding tubes. Data collected at our hospital from January to September 2011 identified 7 nasogastric tube occlusion events. All events were resolved by replacing the original tube with a new tube. PURPOSE: The purpose of this project was to reduce the nasogastric tube occlusion rate to 0...

OBJECTIVE To describe physicians' knowledge, patients' adherence, and perceptions of both regarding mealtime-related dosing directions for proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs). DESIGN Chart review and survey of patients and physicians. SETTING United States, with data collected between January and July 2011. PARTICIPANTS Patients being treated for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with PPIs and their prescribing physicians. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Patient- and physician-reported perception of PPI mealtime-related directions as important/inconvenient (seven-point Likert scale; 7 = very important/very inconvenient); physician-reported knowledge of PPI mealtime-related dosing directions based on whether the agent is labeled to be taken 30-60 minutes before eating (DIR-esomeprazole magnesium [Nexium-AstraZeneca], lansoprazole, and omeprazole) or labeled to be taken regardless of meals (NoDIR-dexlansoprazole [Dexilant-Takeda], rabeprazole, and pantoprazole); and patient-reported PPI mealtime-related directions received and adherence to directions...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

The hydrogen carbonate buffer is considered as the most biorelevant buffer system for the simulation of intestinal conditions and covers the physiological pH range of the luminal fluids from pH 5.5 to about pH 8.4. The pH value of a hydrogen carbonate buffer is the result of a complex and dynamic interplay of the concentration of hydrogen carbonate ions, carbonic acid, the concentration of dissolved and solvated carbon dioxide and its partial pressure above the solution. The complex equilibrium between the different ions results in a thermodynamic instability of hydrogen carbonate solutions...

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is defined as the involuntary retrograde passage of gastric contents into the esophagus with or without regurgitation or vomiting. It is a frequently experienced physiologic condition occurring several times a day, mostly postprandial and causes no symptoms. These infants are also called 'happy spitters'. GER disease (GERD) occurs when reflux of the gastric contents causes symptoms that affect the quality of life or pathologic complications, such as failure to thrive, feeding or sleeping problems, chronic respiratory disorders, esophagitis, hematemesis, apnea, and apparent life-threatening events...

Patient presented with passage of fresh blood mixed with clots per rectum. In the ER, she was found to have bright red blood per rectum with clots, with frank blood on nasogastric tube. She was on dabigatran for atrial fibrillation and aspirin, with intermittent intake of ibuprofen. Vitals were positive for orthostatic hypotension. The pertinent findings in the physical examination were altered mental status with orientation*1, weak peripheral pulses, irregularly irregular heart rate, and bilateral pitting edema 2+ in bilateral lower extremities...