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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Courtney M Rowan, Brenna LaBere, Cameron C Young, Laura D Zambrano, Margaret M Newhams, Suden Kucukak, Elizabeth R McNamara, Elizabeth H Mack, Julie C Fitzgerald, Katherine Irby, Aline B Maddux, Jennifer E Schuster, Michele Kong, Heda Dapul, Stephanie P Schwartz, Melania M Bembea, Laura L Loftis, Amanda R Kolmar, Christopher J Babbitt, Ryan A Nofziger, Mark W Hall, Shira J Gertz, Natalie Z Cvijanovich, Matt S Zinter, Natasha B Halasa, Tamara T Bradford, Gwenn E McLaughlin, Aalok R Singh, Charlotte V Hobbs, Kari Wellnitz, Mary A Staat, Bria M Coates, Hillary R Crandall, Mia Maamari, Kevin M Havlin, Adam J Schwarz, Christopher L Carroll, Emily R Levy, Kristin L Moffitt, Angela P Campbell, Adrienne G Randolph, Janet Chou
BACKGROUND: We aimed to determine if pre-existing immunocompromising conditions (ICCs) were associated with the presentation or outcome of patients with acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) admitted for pediatric intensive care. METHODS: 55 hospitals in 30 U.S. states reported cases through the Overcoming COVID-19 public health surveillance registry. Patients <21 years admitted March 12, 2020-December 30, 2021 to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) or high acuity unit for acute COVID-19 were included...
March 11, 2024: Clinical Infectious Diseases
#2
REVIEW
Divya M Shan, Rithi J Chandy, Andrew Fultz, John W Sanders, Steven R Feldman
Given the higher susceptibility to infectious disease in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapies for inflammatory dermatologic conditions, immunization is important in this population. While live vaccines protect against life-threatening diseases, they can be harmful in immunosuppressed patients given the risk of replication of the attenuated pathogen and adverse reactions. The utilization of live vaccines in immunosuppressed patients depends on multiple factors such as the vaccine and therapy regimen...
March 2, 2024: Archives of Dermatological Research
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gauthier Lignier, Caroline Camaré, Thibaut Jamme, Marie-Sophie Combis, Didier Tayac, Françoise Maupas-Schwalm
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 epidemic still calls for anticipation aimed at preventing the overloading of critical care services. With this in mind, the predictive value of easily accessible biomarkers is to be assessed. OBJECTIVE: Secretion of calprotectin is stimulated during an inflammatory process, especially in the cytokine storm. We tried to determine whether early plasma concentration of calprotectin in patients with primary SARS-CoV-2 infection could predict an adverse outcome in cases of COVID-19...
February 1, 2024: Infectious diseases now
#4
Camila Aparicio, Zachary I Willis, Mari M Nakamura, Joshua Wolf, Cordell Little, Gabriela M Maron, Paul K Sue, Brenda I Anosike, Christine Miller, Laura L Bio, Prachi Singh, Scott H James, Carlos R Oliveira
BACKGROUND: Risk stratification is a cornerstone of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society COVID-19 treatment guidance. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to define the clinical characteristics and comorbidities associated with critical COVID-19 in children and adolescents. METHODS: Two independent reviewers screened the literature (Medline and EMBASE) for studies published through August 2023 that reported outcome data on patients aged ≤ 21 years with COVID-19...
January 18, 2024: medRxiv
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucas Khellaf, Virginie Lemiale, Maxens Decavèle, Marc Pineton de Chambrun, Alexandra Beurton, Toufik Kamel, Anabelle Stoclin, Djamel Mokart, Fabrice Bruneel, Clara Vigneron, Achille Kouatchet, Benoît Henry, Jean-Pierre Quenot, Grégoire Jolly, Nahema Issa, Matthieu Bellal, Julien Poissy, Claire Pichereau, Julien Schmidt, Nathalie Layios, Maxime Gaillet, Elie Azoulay, Adrien Joseph
We studied 50 patients with invasive nocardiosis treated during 2004-2023 in intensive care centers in France and Belgium. Most (65%) died in the intensive care unit or in the year after admission. Nocardia infections should be included in the differential diagnoses for patients in the intensive care setting.
February 2024: Emerging Infectious Diseases
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Faisal Abuabat, Motasim Badri, Salman Abuabat, Sultan Alsultan, Salim Baharoon, Abdullah Alharbi, Ayaz Khan, Hamdan Al-Jahdali
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) is the primary infectious cause of mortality worldwide. Although TB incidence and prevalence are declining, the use of immunosuppressive drugs and the growing prevalence of immunocompromising conditions such as comorbidities, malignancies, and the use of immunosuppressive agents are risk factors for disseminated TB (DTB). This study aims to identify the relevant clinical, laboratory, radiological, and histopathological features of DTB, as well as to assess the typical anatomical distributions and treatment outcomes of patients diagnosed with the disease at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC)...
2023: International Journal of Mycobacteriology
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Louise Baucher, Virginie Lemiale, Adrien Joseph, Florent Wallet, Marc Pineton de Chambrun, Alexis Ferré, Romain Lombardi, Laura Platon, Adrien Contejean, Charline Fuseau, Laure Calvet, Frédéric Pène, Achille Kouatchet, Djamel Mokart, Elie Azoulay, Antoine Lafarge
BACKGROUND: In the last decade, Ibrutinib has become the standard of care in the treatment of several lymphoproliferative diseases such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and several non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Beyond Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibition, Ibrutinib shows broad immunomodulatory effects that may promote the occurrence of infectious complications, including opportunistic infections. The infectious burden has been shown to vary by disease status, neutropenia, and prior therapy but data focusing on severe infections requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission remain scarce...
December 6, 2023: Annals of Intensive Care
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Naomi P O'Grady, Earnest Alexander, Waleed Alhazzani, Fayez Alshamsi, Jennifer Cuellar-Rodriguez, Brian K Jefferson, Andre C Kalil, Stephen M Pastores, Robin Patel, David van Duin, David J Weber, Stanley Deresinski
RATIONALE: Fever is frequently an early indicator of infection and often requires rigorous diagnostic evaluation. OBJECTIVES: This is an update of the 2008 Infectious Diseases Society of America and Society (IDSA) and Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) guideline for the evaluation of new-onset fever in adult ICU patients without severe immunocompromise, now using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. PANEL DESIGN: The SCCM and IDSA convened a taskforce to update the 2008 version of the guideline for the evaluation of new fever in critically ill adult patients, which included expert clinicians as well as methodologists from the Guidelines in Intensive Care, Development and Evaluation Group...
November 1, 2023: Critical Care Medicine
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kevin T Kavanagh, Lindsay E Cormier
Promoting and maintaining patient safety in primary care requires different strategies and monitoring than utilized in large healthcare delivery systems. Maintenance of a culture of safety is key to providing patient safety but has been difficult to measure in primary care. This is particularly true in rural settings where practice size is a major barrier to measurement reliability. Primary care evaluates a wide range of patients, including those who are immunocompromised and others who have infectious diseases...
September 15, 2023: Medicine (Baltimore)
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhen-Nan Yuan, Yu-Juan Xue, Hai-Jun Wang, Shi-Ning Qu, Chu-Lin Huang, Hao Wang, Hao Zhang, Xue-Zhong Xing
OBJECTIVE: Sepsis remains a high cause of death, particularly in immunocompromised patients with cancer. The study was to develop a model to predict hospital mortality of septic patients with cancer in intensive care unit (ICU). DESIGN: Retrospective observational study. SETTING: Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC IV) and eICU Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD). PARTICIPANTS: A total of 3796 patients in MIMIC IV and 549 patients in eICU-CRD were included...
September 11, 2023: BMJ Open
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simon Feys, Katrien Lagrou, Hanne Moon Lauwers, Koen Haenen, Cato Jacobs, Marius Brusselmans, Yves Debaveye, Greet Hermans, Martin Hoenigl, Johan Maertens, Philippe Meersseman, Marijke Peetermans, Isabel Spriet, Christophe Vandenbriele, Lore Vanderbeke, Robin Vos, Eric Van Wijngaerden, Alexander Wilmer, Joost Wauters
BACKGROUND: COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is a frequent superinfection in critically ill COVID-19 patients and is associated with increased mortality. The increasing proportion of severely immunocompromised patients among COVID-19 patients who require mechanical ventilation warrants research into the incidence and impact of CAPA during the vaccination era. METHODS: We performed a retrospective, monocentric, observational study. We collected data from adult patients with severe COVID-19 requiring mechanical ventilation admitted to the ICU of University Hospitals Leuven, a tertiary referral center, between March 1st, 2020 and November 14th, 2022...
September 11, 2023: Clinical Infectious Diseases
#12
MULTICENTER STUDY
Daniele Roberto Giacobbe, Silvia Dettori, Vincenzo Di Pilato, Erika Asperges, Lorenzo Ball, Enora Berti, Ola Blennow, Bianca Bruzzone, Laure Calvet, Federico Capra Marzani, Antonio Casabella, Sofia Choudaly, Anais Dartevel, Gennaro De Pascale, Gabriele Di Meco, Melissa Fallon, Louis-Marie Galerneau, Miguel Gallego, Mauro Giacomini, Adolfo González Sáez, Luise Hänsel, Giancarlo Icardi, Philipp Koehler, Katrien Lagrou, Tobias Lahmer, P Lewis White, Laura Magnasco, Anna Marchese, Cristina Marelli, Mercedes Marín-Arriaza, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Armand Mekontso-Dessap, Malgorzata Mikulska, Alessandra Mularoni, Anna Nordlander, Julien Poissy, Giovanna Russelli, Alessio Signori, Carlo Tascini, Louis-Maxime Vaconsin, Joel Vargas, Antonio Vena, Joost Wauters, Paolo Pelosi, Jean-Francois Timsit, Matteo Bassetti
BACKGROUND: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is an opportunistic, life-threatening disease commonly affecting immunocompromised patients. The distribution of predisposing diseases or conditions in critically ill patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) and subjected to diagnostic work-up for PJP has seldom been explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The primary objective of the study was to describe the characteristics of ICU patients subjected to diagnostic workup for PJP...
August 24, 2023: Critical Care: the Official Journal of the Critical Care Forum
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicolas Massart, Clarisse Dupin, Eleonore Legris, François Legay, Anne Cady, Pierre Fillatre, Florian Reizine
PURPOSE: Although the proportion of immunocompromised patients admitted to the ICU is increasing, data regarding specific management, including acquired infection (ICU-AI) prophylaxis, in this setting are lacking. We aim to investigate the effect of multiple-site decontamination regimens (MSD) in immunocompromised patients. METHODS: We conducted a prospective pre-/post-observational study in 2 ICUs in Bretagne, western France. Adults who required mechanical ventilation for 24 h or more were eligible...
October 2023: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah Cazella Schwab, Aparecida Yulie Yamamoto, Davi Casale Aragon, Ana Paula de Carvalho Panzeri Carlotti
OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiology, clinical characteristics and outcomes of children with cytomegalovirus (CMV) active infection in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and to investigate risk factors for mortality. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients who had CMV DNA detected in blood samples and/or tracheal aspirates by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) during stay at 2 PICUs of a university hospital. Suspected cases without etiological confirmation and patients with laboratory-confirmed CMV infection before PICU admission were excluded...
October 1, 2023: Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julien Demiselle, Pierre Meyer, Thierry Lavigne, Julian Kaurin, Hamid Merdji, Maleka Schenck, Antoine Studer, Ralf Janssen-Langenstein, Julie Helms, Baptiste Hoellinger, Vincent Castelain, Antoine Grillon, Francis Schneider, Ferhat Meziani, Raphaël Clere-Jehl
OBJECTIVES: Staphyloccus epidermidis (SE) is a supposedly low-virulence agent, which may cause proven bloodstream infections (BSI), with little-known consequences on ICU patients. We aimed at studying ICU patients diagnosed with SE-BSI. METHODS: We constituted a retrospective cohort in two medical ICUs. SE-BSI were defined by two or more independent SE-positive blood cultures of the same strain, within 48 hours, without concurrent infection. RESULTS: We included 59 patients, 58% men (n=34), with median age of 67 (IQR 60-74) and SAPS II of 59 points (36-74), 56% being immunocompromised (n=33)...
July 28, 2023: International Journal of Infectious Diseases: IJID
#16
Twishi Shrimali, Saumya Srivastava, Naila Mohammad, Nikhil John, Vibhor Tak, Rahul Saxena
INTRODUCTION: Giardia lamblia is a neglected parasitic infection that typically affects the developing nations of the world. It is a microscopic intestinal parasite that is known to cause stomach cramps, bloating, nausea and bouts of diarrhoea. CASE PRESENTATION: Here, we are presenting the case of a 1.5 years-old-baby with an immunocompromised condition who got infected by Giardia lamblia. The baby with fibro sarcoma was receiving treatment in our tertiary care centre, and later developed abdominal and minor systemic complaints...
July 13, 2023: Infectious Disorders Drug Targets
#17
REVIEW
Hannah Bahakel, Amy G Feldman, Lara Danziger-Isakov
Immunizations are a relatively safe and cost-effective intervention to prevent morbidity and mortality associated with vaccine preventable infection (VPIs). As such, immunizations are a critical part of the care of pre and posttransplant patients and should be prioritized. New tools are needed to continue to disseminate and implement the most up-to-date vaccine recommendations for the SOT population. These tools will help both primary care providers and multi-disciplinary transplant team members taking care of transplant patients to stay abreast of evidence-based best practices regarding the immunization of the SOT patient...
September 2023: Infectious Disease Clinics of North America
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Soraya Benguerfi, Guillaume Dumas, Marcio Soares, Anne-Pascale Meert, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Frederic Pene, Philippe Bauer, Sangeeta Mehta, Victoria Metaxa, Gaston Burghi, Achille Kouatchet, Luca Montini, Djamel Mokart, Andry Van de Louw, Elie Azoulay, Virginie Lemiale
BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory failure (ARF) remains the most frequent reason for ICU admission in patients who are immunocompromised. This study reports etiologies and outcomes of ARF in subjects with solid tumors. METHODS: This study was a post hoc analysis of the EFRAIM study, a prospective multinational cohort study that included 1611 subjects who were immunocompromised and with ARF admitted to the ICU. Subjects with solid tumors admitted to the ICU with ARF were included in the analysis...
April 18, 2023: Respiratory Care
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kevin S Ackerman, Katherine L Hoffman, Iván Díaz, Will Simmons, Karla V Ballman, Rosy P Kodiyanplakkal, Edward J Schenck
BACKGROUND: Patients who have undergone solid organ transplants (SOT) have an increased risk for sepsis compared with the general population. Paradoxically, studies suggest that SOT patients with sepsis may experience better outcomes compared with those without a SOT. However, these analyses used previous definitions of sepsis. It remains unknown whether the more recent definitions of sepsis and modern analytic approaches demonstrate a similar relationship. METHODS: Using the Weill Cornell-Critical Care Database for Advanced Research, we analyzed granular physiologic, microbiologic, comorbidity, and therapeutic data in patients with and without SOT admitted to intensive care units (ICUs)...
April 2023: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Taeeun Kim, Jin Won Huh, Sang-Bum Hong, Jiwon Jung, Min Jae Kim, Yong Pil Chong, Heungsup Sung, Kyung Hyun Doh, Sung-Han Kim, Sang-Oh Lee, Yang Soo Kim, Chae-Man Lim, Younsuck Koh, Sang-Ho Choi
BACKGROUND: Severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated pneumonia in adults has rarely been addressed. We investigated the burden and clinical characteristics of severe RSV-associated pneumonia in critically ill adult patients. METHODS: We analyzed a prospective cohort of 2865 adults with severe pneumonia who were admitted to the intensive care unit in a 2700-bed tertiary care hospital from 2010 to 2019. The epidemiology, characteristics, and outcomes of 92 cases of severe RSV-associated pneumonia and 163 cases of severe influenza virus (IFV)-associated pneumonia were compared...
April 2023: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
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