Platelets antimicrobial

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to define the clinical features and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Burkholderia cepacia complex infections and to determine the predictors for mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our single-center retrospective study included patients with nosocomial B. cepacia complex infection between 2018 and 2022. We evaluated the predictors of 14-day and 28-day mortality by analyzing clinical and microbiological data. RESULTS: A total of 87 patients were included...

Biodegradable stents are the most promising alternatives for the treatment of cardiovascular disease nowadays, and the strategy of preparing functional coatings on the surface is highly anticipated for addressing adverse effects such as in-stent restenosis and stent thrombosis. Yet, inadequate mechanical stability and biomultifunctionality limit their clinical application. In this study, we developed a multicross-linking hydrogel on the polylactic acid substrates by dip coating that boasts impressive antithrombotic ability, antibacterial capability, mechanical stability, and self-healing ability...

BACKGROUND: Early antimicrobial therapy is crucial regarding the prognosis of vertebral osteomyelitis, but early pathogen diagnosis remains challenging. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to differentiate the types of pathogens in iatrogenic vertebral osteomyelitis (IVO) and native vertebral osteomyelitis (NVO) to guide early antibiotic treatment. METHODS: A total of 145 patients, who had confirmed spinal infection and underwent metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) testing, were included, with 114 in the NVO group and 31 in the IVO group...

Biofouling and bacterial infections are significant challenges in biomedical devices. In this study, a biocompatible dual-functional coating with antimicrobial and antifouling properties is developed by co-depositing the zwitterionic copolymer and silver nanoparticles via a dopamine-assisted strategy. Inspired by mussel adhesion, the coating exhibits substrate-independent adhesion as a result of the formation of irreversible covalent bonds. The zwitterionic copolymer in the dual coating plays a crucial role in improving surface wettability and reducing protein adsorption and platelet and bacterial adhesion, thereby improving its antifouling property significantly...

Disulfide constrained peptides (DCPs) show great potential as templates for drug discovery. They are characterized by conserved cysteine residues that form intramolecular disulfide bonds. Taking advantage of phage display technology, we designed and generated twenty-six DCP phage libraries with enriched molecular diversity to enable the discovery of ligands against disease-causing proteins of interest. The libraries were designed based on five DCP scaffolds, namely Momordica charantia 1 (Mch1), gurmarin, Asteropsin-A, antimicrobial peptide-1 (AMP-1), and potato carboxypeptidase inhibitor (CPI)...

BACKGROUND: The increasing interest in platelet-based therapies has underwritten the development of novel veterinary regenerative treatments. The haemoderivative platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) comprises abundant concentrations of platelets and leucocytes, above the physiologic baseline, which are considered essential elements for wound regeneration, stimulating local angiogenesis, cellular migration, proliferation and differentiation, considered essential for skin repair. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to describe the treatment of eight dogs with naturally occurring cutaneous wounds, where autologous PRF therapy was applied, using a protocol developed by our group...

Infected aortic aneurysm is a rare but fatal disease that occurs through various mechanisms. In this report, we describe the case of a patient who was hospitalized for acute pneumonia and developed an infected aortic aneurysm in the descending aorta during the hospitalization. A 73-year-old Japanese man presented to the emergency department with a chief complaint of fever. He had a history of chronic renal failure due to nephrosclerosis and was on regular hemodialysis three times a week. The patient presented with an elevated inflammatory response, anemia, and low platelet counts after various tests...

Bacteria-associated infections and thrombus formation are the two major complications plaguing the application of blood-contacting medical devices. Therefore, functionalized surfaces and drug delivery for passive and active antifouling strategies have been employed. Herein, we report the novel integration of bio-inspired superhydrophobicity with nitric oxide release to obtain a functional polymeric material with anti-thrombogenic and antimicrobial characteristics. The nitric oxide release acts as an antimicrobial agent and platelet inhibitor, while the superhydrophobic components prevent non-specific biofouling...

Neutrophils present the host's first line of defense against bacterial infections. These immune effector cells are mobilized rapidly to destroy invading pathogens by (a) reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative bursts and (b) via phagocytosis. In addition, their antimicrobial service is capped via a distinct cell death mechanism, by the release of their own decondensed nuclear DNA, supplemented with a variety of embedded proteins and enzymes. The extracellular DNA meshwork ensnares the pathogenic bacteria and neutralizes them...

Multiple species of elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus (EEHV) have caused fatal hemorrhagic disease in African ( Loxodonta africana ) and Asian ( Elephas maximus ) elephants. To date, EEHV7 has been detected only in benign pulmonary and skin nodules and in saliva of African elephants and has not been associated with clinical illness. Low-level viremia due to EEHV7A was detected via qPCR in two subadult African elephants during routine surveillance. Hematologic changes were noted in both elephants, including leukopenia, lymphopenia, monocytopenia, and band heterophilia...

Diabetic wound healing is sluggish, often ending in amputations. This study tested a novel, two-punch therapy in mice-Selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP)-to boost healing. First, a mouse model of diabetes was created. Then, Se NPs were crafted for their impressive antioxidant and antimicrobial powers. PRP, packed with growth factors, was extracted from the mice's blood. Wound healing was tracked for 28 days through photos, scoring tools, and tissue analysis. Se NPs alone spurred healing, and PRP added extra fuel...

Sepsis, a common life-threatening clinical condition, continues to have high morbidity and mortality rates, despite advancements in management. In response, significant research efforts have been directed toward developing effective strategies. Within this scope, nanotechnology has emerged as a particularly promising field, attracting significant interest for its potential to enhance disease diagnosis and treatment. While several reviews have highlighted the use of nanoparticles in sepsis, comprehensive studies that summarize and analyze the hotspots and research trends are lacking...

COVID-19 disease has been a challenge for health systems worldwide due to its high transmissibility, morbidity, and mortality. Severe COVID-19 is associated with an imbalance in the immune response, resulting in a cytokine storm and a hyperinflammation state. While hematological parameters correlate with prognosis in COVID patients, their predictive value has not been evaluated specifically among those severely ill. Therefore, we aim to evaluate the role of hematological and immune response biomarkers as a prognostic factor in critically ill patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit...

OBJECTIVES: Recent research has demonstrated that platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is an appropriate carrier for ampicillin/sulbactam. The aim of the study was to investigate whether PRF is also a suitable bio-carrier for clindamycin (CLI). METHODS: PRF membranes were produced from 36 patients receiving intravenous therapy with CLI (e.g. due to the diagnosis of an osteonecrosis of the jaw or infections). Concentrations of CLI in PRF membranes were measured with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and the antimicrobial effects were investigated in vitro in agar diffusion tests with fresh PRF and PRF stored for 24 h...

This study aimed to assess the impact of dietary selenoprotein extracts from Cardamine hupingshanensis (SePCH) on the growth, hematological parameters, selenium metabolism, immune responses, antioxidant capacities, inflammatory reactions and intestinal barrier functions in juvenile largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides ). The base diet was supplemented with four different concentrations of SePCH: 0.00, 0.30, 0.60 and 1.20 g/Kg (actual selenium contents: 0.37, 0.59, 0.84 and 1.30 mg/kg). These concentrations were used to formulate four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets for juvenile largemouth bass during a 60-day culture period...

The mechanisms of several drugs remain unclear, limiting our understanding of how they exert their effects. Receptor affinities have not been comprehensively measured during drug development, and the safety investigations in humans are limited. Therefore, numerous unknown adverse and beneficial effects of drugs in humans persist. In this review, I highlight our achievements in identifying the unexpected beneficial effects of drugs through the analysis of real-world clinical data, which can contribute to drug repositioning and target finding...

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), derived from the centrifugation and subsequent separation of whole blood, results in an unusually high concentration of platelets. A newer form of platelet concentrate, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), has also been developed. There has been significant research into the therapeutic effects of PRP, particularly in enhancing wound healing and preventing infections in surgical wounds. This scoping review aims to thoroughly evaluate preclinical and clinical evidence regarding the antimicrobial effects of PRP and PRF...

Multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, especially carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae , have become a rapidly emerging crisis worldwide, greatly limiting current therapeutic options and posing new challenges to infection management. Therefore, it is imperative to develop novel and effective biological agents for the treatment of multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae infections. Platelets play an important role in the development of inflammation and immune responses. The main component responsible for platelet antibacterial activity lies in the supernatant stimulated by gram-positive bacteria...

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the impact of local and systemic administration of penicillin on the antimicrobial properties and growth factors of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) under in vitro conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 12 volunteers. Four tubes of venous blood were collected before systemic antibiotic administration. Two tubes were centrifuged at 2700 RPM for 12 min to obtain PRF, while 0.2 ml of penicillin was locally added into other two tubes...

Nanocatalytic-based wound therapeutics present a promising strategy for generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) to antipathogen to promote wound healing. However, the full clinical potential of these nanocatalysts is limited by their low reactivity, limited targeting ability, and poor biodegradability in the wound microenvironment. Herein, a bio-organic nanozyme is developed by encapsulating a FeZn-based bimetallic organic framework (MOF) (MIL-88B-Fe/Zn) in platelet membranes (PM@MIL-88B-Fe/Zn) for antimicrobial activity during wound healing...