Cometic Surgery

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Extrahepatic portal vein aneurysm (PVA) is a rare condition in which the extrahepatic portal vein is partially dilated into a sac-like or spindle-like shape. Usually, patients are followed, but surgery is considered in cases of rupture, thrombus, or enlargement. We report a case of thrombus formation in an extrahepatic portal vein aneurysm following trauma that resulted in regression of the aneurysm and extrahepatic portal vein occlusion. Immediately after the trauma, ultrasonography showed moderately hyperechoic structures and comet signs along the vessel wall of the aneurysm and turbulent blood flow in the aneurysm, like in a whirlpool...

BACKGROUND: Colorectal liver metastasis (CLM) is a leading cause of colorectal cancer mortality, and the response to immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) in microsatellite-stable CRC has been disappointing. Administration of cytotoxic chemotherapy may cause increased density of tumor-infiltrating T cells, which has been associated with improved response to ICI. This study aimed to quantify and characterize T-cell infiltration in CLM using T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire sequencing. Eighty-five resected CLMs from patients included in the Oslo CoMet study were subjected to TCR repertoire sequencing...

PURPOSE: Laser corneal reshaping is a common eye surgery utilized to overcome many vision disorders. Different UV laser wavelengths can be effective in the treatment. However, the ArF excimer laser (193 nm) is the most commonly used due to its high absorption in the cornea. In the current study, we investigate the efficacy of applying a solid-state laser (Nd:YAG fourth harmonic at 266 nm) for the corneal reshaping procedure. METHODS: The utilized laser is generated using an optical setup based on a BBO nonlinear crystal which converts the Q-switched laser (532 nm) to its fourth harmonic (266 nm)...

The adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a primary malignant tumor developed from the adrenal cortex, defined by a Weiss score≥3. Its prognosis is poor and depends mainly on the stage of the disease at diagnosis. Care is organized in France by the multidisciplinary expert centers of the national ENDOCAN-COMETE "Adrenal Cancers" network, certified by the National Cancer Institute. This document updates the guidelines for the management of ACC in adults based on the most robust data in the literature. It's divided into 11 chapters: (1) circumstances of discovery; (2) pre-therapeutic assessment; (3) diagnosis of ACC; (4) oncogenetics; (5) prognostic classifications; (6) treatment of hormonal hypersecretion; (7) treatment of localized forms; (8) treatment of relapses; (9) treatment of advanced forms; (10) follow-up; (11) the particular case of ACC and pregnancy...

This study assessed, for the first time, the expression of the genes hOGG1, TP53 and IL-6 in leukocytes by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in surgical patients before (baseline), during (2 h of anesthesia) and 1 day after sevoflurane anesthesia. Additionally, DNA damage was detected by the comet assay, serum IL-6 was detected by flow cytometry, and differential leukocyte counting was also performed. TP53 and hOGG1 expression was downregulated on the day after anesthesia compared to before anesthesia...

Cancer is one of the main causes of human mortality worldwide. Despite the advances in the diagnostics, surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, the search for more effective treatment regimens and drug combinations are relevant. This work aimed to assess the radiomodifying effect and molecular mechanism of action of fucoidan from the brown alga Saccharina cichorioides (ScF) and product of its autohydrolysis (ScF_AH) in combination with pacificusoside D from the starfish Solaster pacificus (SpD) on the model of viability and invasion of three-dimension (3D) human melanoma cells SK-MEL-2...

Metastatic breast cancer (BC) is considered an incurable disease and is usually treated with palliative intent. However, about 50% of metastatic BCs present with only a few metastatic lesions and are characterized by longer overall survival. These patients, defined as oligometastatic, could benefit from a multimodal approach, which combines systemic therapy with metastasis-directed treatment (stereotactic ablative therapy or surgery). The current definition of oligometastatic seems incomplete since it is based only on imaging findings and does not include biological features, and the majority of relevant data supporting this strategy comes from retrospective or non-randomized studies...

Intestinal suture dehiscence is one of the most feared complications following gastrointestinal surgery in both human and veterinary medicine, increasing the morbidity and mortality of these patients. Clinical and laboratory early signs of septic peritonitis are not always easily identifiable while prompt treatment should help decrease postoperative morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to describe the ultrasonographic (US) features of confirmed leakage of intestinal sutures (LIS) and to evaluate if this imaging technique can be useful as noninvasive tool for the early diagnosis of LIS...

BACKGROUND: Isoflurane (ISO) has been extensively uses in general anesthesia and reported to cause deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage in prolonged surgical procedures. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is an adrenergic agonist and having antioxidant activity that may reduce the genotoxic potential (DNA damage) and oxidative stress induced by ISO in patients undergoing major neurosurgical procedures. Methods and Findings . Twenty-four patients of ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) classes I and II were randomly divided into two groups ( n  = 12)...

INTRODUCTION: The newly introduced Cellular Oxygen METabolism (COMET®) monitor enables the measurement of mitochondrial oxygen tension (mitoPO2) using the protoporphyrin IX triplet state lifetime technique (PpIX-TSLT). This study aims to investigate the feasibility and applicability of the COMET® measurements in the operating theatre and study the behavior of the new parameter mitoPO2 during stable operating conditions. METHODS: In this observational study mitochondrial oxygenation was measured in 20 patients during neurosurgical procedures using the COMET® device...

PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the severity of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage in lens epithelial cells (LECs) of senile cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular cataracts. METHODS: LECs were obtained from senile cortical, nuclear, and subcapsular types of cataracts after surgery. DNA damage in the cells was immediately assessed quantitatively using the CometScore™ software. RESULTS: Comets were found in cataractous LECs...

BACKGROUND: The objective of the COMET (COllection of MEtabolic Tissues) biobank project is to create a high-quality collection of insulin-sensitive tissues (liver, muscle, adipose tissues, and epiploic artery) and blood sample derivatives (plasma, serum, DNA and RNA), collected from 270 grade 2-3 obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Relevant data on patient such as clinical/biological characteristics and sample handling are also collected. For this, our aim was to establish a Quality Management System (QMS) to meet the reliability and quality requirements necessary for its scientific exploitation...

BACKGROUND: Using patient outcomes to monitor medical centre performance has become an essential part of modern health care. However, classic league tables generally inflict stigmatization on centres rated as "poor performers", which has a negative effect on public trust and professional morale. In the present study, we aim to illustrate that funnel plots, including trends over time, can be used as a method to control the quality of data and to monitor and assure the quality of trauma care...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the outcome measures used in studies investigating cervical spine fractures in adults, with or without associated spinal cord injury, to inform development of a core outcome set. METHODS: Medline, Embase and Scopus were searched for relevant studies until May 28, 2022, without a historic limit on study date. Study characteristics, population characteristics and outcomes reported were extracted and analyzed. RESULTS: Our literature search identified 536 studies that met criteria for inclusion, involving 393,266 patients...

BACKGROUND: As patient exposure to ionizing radiation raises concern about malignancy risks, this study evaluated the effect of ionizing radiation on patients undergoing myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) using the comet assay, a method for detection of DNA damage. METHODS: Patients without cancer, acute or autoimmune diseases, recent surgery or trauma, were studied. Gated single-photon myocardial perfusion imaging was performed with Tc-99m sestamibi. Peripheral blood was collected before radiotracer injection at rest and 60-90 min after injection...

BACKGROUND: 300 million operations and procedures are performed annually across the world, all of which require a patient's informed consent. No standardised measure of the consent process exists in current clinical practice. We aimed to define a core outcome set for informed consent for therapy. METHODS: The core outcome set was developed in accordance with a predefined research protocol and the Core OutcoMes in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) methodology comprising systematic review, qualitative semi structured interviews, a modified Delphi process and consensus webinars to ratify outcomes for inclusion in the final core outcome set...

Vasectomy is a widely used surgical technique creating an obstructive azoospermia. Although sperm cannot be ejaculated, the testis maintains sperm production in vasectomized males. The continuous accumulation of sperm deposited in the epididymis and the vas deferens fraction necessarily need to be degraded and eliminated. While the elimination process is carried out by granulomas that form after vasectomy, the detailed mechanisms of sperm degradation are still not known. The aim was to assess whether sperm chromatin fragmentation (SCF), a mechanism that degrades the entire sperm genome at the toroid linker regions (TLR), is activated after vasectomy in sperm cells...

Objective: Adequate oxygenation is essential for the preservation of organ function during cardiac surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Both hypoxia and hyperoxia result in undesired outcomes, and a narrow window for optimal oxygenation exists. Current perioperative monitoring techniques are not always sufficient to monitor adequate oxygenation. The non-invasive COMET® monitor could be a tool to monitor oxygenation by measuring the cutaneous mitochondrial oxygen tension (mitoPO2 )...

BACKGROUND: Distal extremity defects pose a particular challenge to the reconstructive surgeon, however, advances in perforator flaps have expanded the armamentarium of potential reconstructive options. Herein, we present our experience in reconstructing distal extremity defects using a thin, cutaneous free flap based on the perforator of the first dorsal metacarpal artery - "the Comet flap." METHODS: A retrospective review was performed on all patients who presented with a distal extremity defect and underwent reconstruction using a Comet flap between 2015 and 2019...