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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amy Eckland, Michael Kohut, Henry Stoddard, Deb Burris, Frank Chessa, Monica K Sikka, Daniel A Solomon, Colleen M Kershaw, Ellen F Eaton, Rebecca Hutchinson, Peter D Friedmann, Thomas J Stopka, Kathleen M Fairfield, Kinna Thakarar
BACKGROUND: People who inject drugs (PWID) are at risk for severe bacterial and fungal infections including skin and soft tissue infections, endocarditis, and osteomyelitis. PWID have high rates of self-directed discharge and are often not offered outpatient antimicrobial therapies, despite studies showing their efficacy and safety in PWID. This study fills a gap in knowledge of patient and community partner perspectives on treatment and discharge decision making for injection drug use (IDU)-associated infections...
2023: Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease
#22
Elia El Hajj, Alexander Glaser, David Yancey, Allen Byl, Mehnaz Rahman
A 53-year-old male presented with worsening fever, chest pain, and dyspnea during the past 2 weeks. He was hypoxic, tachycardic, and hypotensive on admission. Labs were notable for high-sensitivity troponin of 657 pg/mL and B-type natriuretic peptide of 1,648 pg/mL. Chest imaging was consistent with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed an ejection fraction of 30% to 35% and a mobile 1.5 cm x 1.6 cm hyperechoic mass on the ventricular surface of the aortic valve (AV) with left ventricular outflow obstruction and mean pressure gradient of 38...
2023: Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal
#23
MULTICENTER STUDY
Rachel L Wattier, Robert F T Bucayu, Craig L K Boge, Rachael K Ross, Inci Yildirim, Theoklis E Zaoutis, Debra L Palazzi, Surabhi B Vora, Elio Castagnola, Martha Avilés-Robles, Lara Danziger-Isakov, Alison C Tribble, Tanvi S Sharma, Antonio C Arrieta, Gabriela Maron, David M Berman, Dwight E Yin, Lillian Sung, Michael Green, Emmanuel Roilides, Kiran Belani, José Romero, Pere Soler-Palacin, Eduardo López-Medina, Dawn Nolt, Ibrahim Zaid Bin Hussain, William J Muller, Sarmistha B Hauger, Natasha Halasa, Daniel Dulek, Alice Pong, Blanca E Gonzalez, Mark J Abzug, Fabianne Carlesse, Anna R Huppler, Sujatha Rajan, Catherine Aftandilian, Monica I Ardura, Arunaloke Chakrabarti, Benjamin Hanisch, Christine M Salvatore, Lena Klingspor, Elizabeth D Knackstedt, Irja Lutsar, Maria E Santolaya, Sydney Shuster, Sarah K Johnson, William J Steinbach, Brian T Fisher
BACKGROUND: Adjunctive diagnostic studies (aDS) are recommended to identify occult dissemination in patients with candidemia. Patterns of evaluation with aDS across pediatric settings are unknown. METHODS: Candidemia episodes were included in a secondary analysis of a multicenter comparative effectiveness study that prospectively enrolled participants age 120 days to 17 years with invasive candidiasis (predominantly candidemia) from 2014 to 2017. Ophthalmologic examination (OE), abdominal imaging (AbdImg), echocardiogram, neuroimaging, and lumbar puncture (LP) were performed per clinician discretion...
September 27, 2023: Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
#24
Armin Peivandi, Angelo Dell'Aquila, Gerrit Kaleschke, Andreas Rukosujew
Fungal endocarditis is associated with high surgical mortality rates. Advanced expertise is required for surgical treatment of this serious condition. In the present report, we describe the homograft replacement in a beating heart during re-re-re-re-do in a 29-year-old female patient with fungal endocarditis. The previous operations included Fallot correction at the age of 1 year, Contegra graft implantation in the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) due to severe pulmonary insufficiency, homograft implantation in pulmonary position due to Contegra endocarditis, and on-pump pericardial defect closure after homograft injury during sternal rewiring following wound infection...
January 2023: Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon Reports
#25
REVIEW
Claudio Caroselli, Lorenzo Roberto Suardi, Laura Besola, Alessandro Fiocco, Andrea Colli, Marco Falcone
Aspergillus endocarditis represents the second etiological cause of prosthetic endocarditis following Candida spp. On the other hand, native-valve endocarditis due to Aspergillus are anecdotally reported with increasing numbers in the last decade due to new diagnostic technologies such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on samples like valve tissue or entire blood. We performed a review of the literature presenting one case report observed at Pisa University Hospital. Seventy-four case reports have been included in a period between 1950-2022...
July 14, 2023: Antibiotics
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Natalie M Rouse, Kathy Burek-Huntington
This is a case report of a Cook Inlet beluga whale Delphinapterus leucas found dead stranded on September 28, 2020 in Turnagain Arm, Alaska. This subadult male had valvular endocarditis, encephalitis, rhabdomyolysis, myoglobinuric nephropathy, severe parasitism and fungal dermatitis. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae was detected in the heart lesion, eye and external swabs. The level of infection and parasitism in this individual is markedly higher than what has been found in other Cook Inlet belugas, suggesting immunosuppression...
July 20, 2023: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms
#27
REVIEW
George R Thompson, Jeffrey D Jenks, John W Baddley, James S Lewis, Matthias Egger, Ilan S Schwartz, Johannes Boyer, Thomas F Patterson, Sharon C-A Chen, Peter G Pappas, Martin Hoenigl
Fungal endocarditis accounts for 1% to 3% of all infective endocarditis cases, is associated with high morbidity and mortality (>70%), and presents numerous challenges during clinical care. Candida spp. are the most common causes of fungal endocarditis, implicated in over 50% of cases, followed by Aspergillus and Histoplasma spp. Important risk factors for fungal endocarditis include prosthetic valves, prior heart surgery, and injection drug use. The signs and symptoms of fungal endocarditis are nonspecific, and a high degree of clinical suspicion coupled with the judicious use of diagnostic tests is required for diagnosis...
September 21, 2023: Clinical Microbiology Reviews
#28
Zhe Li, Da-Wei Li
Prosthetic valve endocarditis is a serious complication after heart valve replacement, accounting for about 20-30% of infective endocarditis (IE). Aspergillosis infection accounts for 25-30% of fungal endocarditis, and the mortality rate is 42-68%. Aspergillus IE often has negative blood cultures and lacks fever, which makes diagnosis difficult and delays antifungal therapy. Our study reported a case of IE in a patient with Aspergillus infection after aortic valve replacement. Ultra-multiplex polymerase chain reaction was used to identify Aspergillus infection and guide treatment...
2023: Open Life Sciences
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nada Shaker, Chiemezie C Amadi, Asvin M Ganapathi, Swati Satturwar, Konstantin Shilo
Histoplasmosis is commonly a self-limited fungal disease that primarily affects the lung and reticuloendothelial system. Cardiac involvement by histoplasmosis is uncommon. In this report, we provide a detailed description of severe pulmonary histoplasmosis complicated by the disease involvement of the free wall of the right ventricle. A 55-year-old female presented with cough, fevers, dyspnea, and 30-pound unintentional weight loss in 6 months. Her past medical history was significant for supraventricular tachycardia with permanent pacemaker implantation...
July 10, 2023: International Journal of Surgical Pathology
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pavel Drevinek, Regina Hollweck, Michael G Lorenz, Michael Lustig, Thomas Bjarnsholt
rRNA gene Sanger sequencing is being used for the identification of cultured pathogens. A new diagnostic approach is sequencing of uncultured samples by using the commercial DNA extraction and sequencing platform SepsiTest (ST). The goal was to analyze the clinical performance of ST with a focus on nongrowing pathogens and the impact on antibiotic therapy. A literature search used PubMed/Medline, Cochrane, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Eligibility followed PRISMA-P criteria. Quality and risk of bias were assessed drawing on QUADAS-2 (quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies, revised) criteria...
September 21, 2023: Journal of Clinical Microbiology
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mehran Lak, Sepideh Jafari Naeini, Alireza Omidi Farzin, Manoochehr Hekmat, Atoosa Gharib
A young woman with a history of COVID-19 infection and concomitant visual problems was admitted with exacerbation of dyspnea. Upon admission, pulmonary embolism, myocarditis and fungal endocarditis were detected, probably due to persistent underlying inflammation. She underwent surgical replacement of the tricuspid valve and antifungal treatment.
June 22, 2023: Future Cardiology
#32
Abtin Jafroodifar, Ryan Thibodeau, Ernest Scalzetti
Illicit drugs, especially those injected intravenously, are becoming increasingly more common worldwide. Individuals who use intravenous drugs often reuse or share needles which predisposes them to life-threatening infections. We present the case of a patient who was injecting intravenous drugs into her internal jugular vein, which eventually led to acutely worsening sepsis secondary to fungal infective endocarditis and bilateral septic pulmonary emboli. Transthoracic echocardiogram demonstrated multilobulated and spherical vegetations on the tricuspid and mitral valves, respectively...
May 2023: Curēus
#33
Anas Mahmoud, Alman B Khalid, Alejandra Ehle, Yusuf Kahf, Adil Afzal, Bradley Peltzer
Infective endocarditis (IE) carries high morbidity and mortality. Although minimal in incidence, fungal causes (mostly Candida species) carry the highest mortality among all cases of infective endocarditis. We describe a rare case of a 47-year-old male with a past medical history of cerebral vascular accident (CVA), heart failure with reduced ejection fraction status post (SP) automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator (AICD) placement, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease (CAD), infective endocarditis with mitral valve replacement and tricuspid valve replacement, and pulmonary hypertension who presented to the emergency department (ED) with complaints of shortness of breath and weakness for four days...
May 2023: Curēus
#34
Waleed Ali, Bradley Casey, Ilya Al Salman, Haitham Mazek, Rahel Alemu, Usman Younus
Fungal endocarditis is a relatively uncommon disease; it mostly affects those with intracardiac devices and those with compromised immune systems. Scedosporium apiospermum (S. apiospermum), the asexual state of Pseudoallescheria boydii, has become increasingly reported as an opportunistic pathogen. These filamentous fungi present in soil, sewage, and polluted waters, and was previously recognized to cause human infection after their inhalation or traumatic subcutaneous implantation. In immunocompetent individuals, it usually causes localized diseases depending on the site of entry such as skin mycetoma...
May 2023: Curēus
#35
Bradley Casey, Amol Bahekar, Divyang Patel, Eric Walker, Amro Ilaiwy
Fungal endocarditis is an uncommon and dangerous disorder of the heart. The two most frequent etiologic fungi discovered to be responsible for fungal endocarditis are Aspergillus and Candida species. It is difficult to make a diagnosis of fungal endocarditis; a comprehensive assessment must be carried out, and specific diagnostic requirements must be completed. One of the main causes of endocarditis that physicians deal with in the hospital is intravenous drug abuse, but we never hear about transdermal drug abuse causing endocarditis...
May 2023: Curēus
#36
Sudesh Gourav, Immaculata Xess, Ashit Bhushan Xess, Renu Kumari Yadav, Sivasubramanian Ramakrishnan, Gagandeep Singh
Lodderomyces elongisporus is a rare cause of invasive fungal infections. Most phenotypic tests that are routinely used for identification of yeasts fail to identify this organism. However, chromogenic media for yeasts, MALDI-TOF MS and DNA sequencing can be used for correct identification. We report a case of fungemia complicated by infective endocarditis and intracerebral bleeding in a pediatric patient with previous cardiac surgery.
June 2023: Medical Mycology Case Reports
#37
Kin Ki Jim, Joelle J N Daems, S Matthijs Boekholdt, Karin van Dijk
Candida infective endocarditis is a rare but serious entity that often requires aggressive treatment. However, treatment can be challenging in patients infected with drug-resistant fungi and/or with substantial comorbidity. Moreover, recommendations in treatment guidelines for these patients are based on limited clinical data due to their rarity. Here we report a case of Nakaseomyces glabrata ( Candida glabrata ) prosthetic valve endocarditis in a patient with congenital heart disease. This case illustrates a therapeutic dilemma for Nakaseomyces glabrata prosthetic valve endocarditis and the need for novel antifungal drugs and further clinical studies...
June 2023: Medical Mycology Case Reports
#38
Binaya Basyal, Paul A Clark, Jeffrey E Cohen, Monvadi B Srichai
BACKGROUND: Aspergillus endocarditis is a rare cause of infective endocarditis and requires high index of suspicion for diagnosis. CASE SUMMARY: We describe a case of a 50-year-old man with history of metastatic thymoma on immunosuppression (gemcitabine and capecitabine) who presented with progressive dyspnoea. Echocardiography and computed tomography (CT) of chest showed filling defect in the pulmonary artery. The initial differential diagnosis was of pulmonary embolism and metastatic disease...
May 2023: European Heart Journal. Case Reports
#39
Seyedeh Kimia Yavari, Danielle Lapoint, Amanda Levy, Leili Pourafkari
Cryptococcal endocarditis is an exceedingly rare entity associated with high mortality and morbidity. Hereby, we present a 37-year-old patient with underlying systemic lupus erythematosus and end-stage renal disease who was diagnosed with cryptococcal endocarditis involving native mitral valve. Her blood culture grew Cryptococcus neoformans. Echocardiography confirmed presence of vegetations and patient underwent mitral valve replacement and received appropriate anti-fungal treatment. Her course was further complicated by sternal wound dehiscence and infection of hemodialysis site as well as atrial flutter...
2023: Northern Clinics of Istanbul
#40
REVIEW
Thomas D Brothers, Matthew Bonn, Dan Lewer, Emilie Comeau, Inhwa Kim, Duncan Webster, Andrew Hayward, Magdalena Harris
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Injection drug use-associated bacterial and fungal infections are increasingly common, and social contexts shape individuals' injecting practices and treatment experiences. We sought to synthesize qualitative studies of social-structural factors influencing incidence and treatment of injecting-related infections. METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsycINFO from January 1, 2000, to February 18, 2021. Informed by Rhodes' "risk environment" framework, we performed thematic synthesis in three stages: (1) line-by-line coding; (2) organizing codes into descriptive themes, reflecting interpretations of study authors; (3) consolidating descriptive themes into conceptual categories to identify higher-order analytic themes...
May 12, 2023: Addiction
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