keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486186/similarities-and-differences-in-the-prevalence-and-risk-factors-of-suicidal-behavior-between-caregivers-and-people-with-dementia-a-systematic-review
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohd Afifuddin Mohamad, Mohammad Farris Iman Leong Bin Abdullah, Nurul Izzah Shari
BACKGROUND: People with dementia and their caregivers are prone to suicidal behaviors due to difficulty adjusting to their initial caregiving role and due to emotional disturbances resulting from deterioration of functioning. The present systematic review (1) explored the prevalence of and risk factors for suicidal behavior and (2) assessed the similarities and differences in the prevalence and risk factors for suicidal behavior between people with dementia and their caregivers. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search for research articles published between 1950 and 2023 was carried out using major databases, such as Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Medline...
March 14, 2024: BMC Geriatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485063/targeting-terminal-pathway-reduces-brain-complement-activation-amyloid-load-and-synapse-loss-and-improves-cognition-in-a-mouse-model-of-dementia
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wioleta M Zelek, Ryan J Bevan, B Paul Morgan
Complement is dysregulated in the brain in Alzheimer's Disease and in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. Each of the complement derived effectors, opsonins, anaphylatoxins and membrane attack complex (MAC), have been implicated as drivers of disease but their relative contributions remain unclarified. Here we have focussed on the MAC, a lytic and pro-inflammatory effector, in the AppNL-G-F mouse amyloidopathy model. To test the role of MAC, we back-crossed to generate AppNL-G-F mice deficient in C7, an essential MAC component...
March 12, 2024: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484176/alpha-alert-utilization-of-transdermal-clonidine-for-refractory-agitation
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Samantha Grable, Gary Houchard, Zach Rossfeld
Alpha-2 agonists are under-recognized for their class effects yet offer potential benefit in specialty palliative care via decreasing sympathetic output, inducing sedation, and modulating pain. Especially in clinical contexts where agitation predominates and patients are intolerant of oral medication route, transdermal medication delivery is advantageous. We report a case of agitated behaviors in setting of mixed Alzheimer/vascular-type dementia limiting hospital discharge to nursing facility that were ameliorated with transdermal clonidine...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Pain & Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38482885/eeg-spectro-spatial-covariance-patterns-related-to-phenoconversion-in-isolated-rem-sleep-behavior-disorder-and-their-longitudinal-trajectories-in-%C3%AE-synucleinopathies
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kyoungeun Park, Jung Hwan Shin, Jung-Ick Byun, El Jeong, Han-Joon Kim, Ki-Young Jung
STUDY OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify electroencephalographic (EEG) spectro-spatial covariance patterns associated with phenoconversion in isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) patients and explore their longitudinal trajectories within α-synucleinopathies. METHODS: We assessed 47 participants, including 35 iRBD patients and 12 healthy controls (HC), through baseline eye-closed resting EEGs. iRBD patients underwent follow-up EEG assessments and 18 iRBD patients converted (12 to Parkinson's disease (PD), 6 to dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB)) during follow-up...
March 14, 2024: Sleep
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38482485/characteristic-behaviors-of-pain-during-movement-in-the-older-individuals-with-dementia
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kenta Nakada, Kazuhiro Shimo, Satoshi Ohga, Takako Matsubara
PURPOSE: This study assessed the pain associated with movement and exercise in older individuals with cognitive decline, using the Abbey Pain Scale (APS) to identify the sub-items that effectively reflect pain during such activities. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 225 older patients with musculoskeletal disorders and cognitive decline at the Ikeda Rehabilitation Hospital in Toyama, Japan. Pain during walking or transferring was assessed using the verbal rating scale (VRS) and the APS...
2024: Journal of Pain Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473975/the-single-toxin-origin-of-alzheimer-s-disease-and-other-neurodegenerative-disorders-enables-targeted-approach-to-treatment-and-prevention
#26
REVIEW
Martin Tolar, John A Hey, Aidan Power, Susan Abushakra
New data suggest that the aggregation of misfolded native proteins initiates and drives the pathogenic cascade that leads to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other age-related neurodegenerative disorders. We propose a unifying single toxin theory of brain neurodegeneration that identifies new targets and approaches to the development of disease-modifying treatments. An extensive body of genetic evidence suggests soluble aggregates of beta-amyloid (Aβ) as the primary neurotoxin in the pathogenesis of AD. New insights from fluid biomarkers, imaging, and clinical studies provide further evidence for the decisive impact of toxic Aβ species in the initiation and progression of AD...
February 27, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473892/exploring-the-genetic-landscape-of-mild-behavioral-impairment-as-an-early-marker-of-cognitive-decline-an-updated-review-focusing-on-alzheimer-s-disease
#27
REVIEW
Efthalia Angelopoulou, Christos Koros, Alexandros Hatzimanolis, Leonidas Stefanis, Nikolaos Scarmeas, Sokratis G Papageorgiou
The clinical features and pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) in dementia have been extensively studied. However, the genetic architecture and underlying neurobiological mechanisms of NPSs at preclinical stages of cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain largely unknown. Mild behavioral impairment (MBI) represents an at-risk state for incident cognitive impairment and is defined by the emergence of persistent NPSs among non-demented individuals in later life. These NPSs include affective dysregulation, decreased motivation, impulse dyscontrol, abnormal perception and thought content, and social inappropriateness...
February 24, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38462447/serotonin-receptors-as-a-potential-target-in-the-treatment-of-alzheimer-s-disease
#28
REVIEW
Dmitrii V Eremin, Elena M Kondaurova, Aleksander Ya Rodnyy, Camilla A Molobekova, Dmitrii A Kudlay, Vladimir S Naumenko
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide that has an increasing impact on aging societies. Besides its critical role in the control of various physiological functions and behavior, brain serotonin (5-HT) system is involved in the regulation of migration, proliferation, differentiation, maturation, and programmed death of neurons. At the same time, a growing body of evidence indicates the involvement of 5-HT neurotransmission in the formation of insoluble aggregates of β-amyloid and tau protein, the main histopathological signs of AD...
December 2023: Biochemistry. Biokhimii︠a︡
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38458310/floralozone-regulates-mir-7a-5p-expression-through-ampk%C3%AE-2-activation-to-improve-cognitive-dysfunction-in-vascular-dementia
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu-Ting Song, Shan-Shan Li, Chun-Yan Chao, Shuang-Guo, Gui-Zi Chen, Shuang-Xi Wang, Ming-Xiang Zhang, Ya-Ling Yin, Peng Li
BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of vascular dementia (VD) is complex, and currently, no effective treatments have been recommended. Floralozone is a colorless liquid first discovered in Lagotis Gaertn. Recently, its medicinal value has been increasingly recognized. Our previous study has demonstrated that Floralozone can improve cognitive dysfunction in rats with VD by regulating the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) signaling pathways...
March 6, 2024: Experimental Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38455532/caffeic-acid-protects-against-l-methionine-induced-reduction-in-neurogenesis-and-cognitive-impairment-in-a-rat-model
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Apiwat Sirichoat, Oabnithi Dornlakorn, Rasa Saenno, Anusara Aranarochana, Nataya Sritawan, Wanassanun Pannangrong, Peter Wigmore, Jariya Umka Welbat
l-methionine (L-met) is a substantial non-polar amino acid for normal development. L-met is converted to homocysteine that leads to hyperhomocysteinemia and subsequent excessive homocysteine in serum resulting in stimulating oxidative stress and vascular dementia. Several studies have found that hyperhomocysteine causes neuronal cell damage, which leads to memory impairment. Caffeic acid is a substrate in phenolic compound discovered in plant biosynthesis. Caffeic acid contains biological antioxidant and neuroprotective properties...
March 15, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38454090/neuropathological-stage-dependent-proteome-mapping-of-the-olfactory-tract-in-alzheimer-s-disease-from-early-olfactory-related-omics-signatures-to-computational-repurposing-of-drug-candidates
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paz Cartas-Cejudo, Adriana Cortés, Mercedes Lachén-Montes, Elena Anaya-Cubero, Elena Puerta, Maite Solas, Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen, Enrique Santamaría
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, characterized by an early olfactory dysfunction, progressive memory loss, and behavioral deterioration. Albeit substantial progress has been made in characterizing AD-associated molecular and cellular events, there is an unmet clinical need for new therapies. In this study, olfactory tract proteotyping performed in controls and AD subjects (n = 17/group) showed a Braak stage-dependent proteostatic impairment accompanied by the progressive modulation of amyloid precursor protein and tau functional interactomes...
March 7, 2024: Brain Pathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38447959/cannabinoids-for-behavioral-symptoms-in-dementia-an-overview
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Barbara Broers, Federica Bianchi
Dementia, with loss of memory, cognitive abilities, and independent daily functioning, is increasing worldwide, related to an aging population. Currently, there is no curative treatment for dementia. Treatment of the frequently occurring behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) is partially effective and associated with significant side effects. Cannabinoids are lipophilic molecules acting on the CB1 end CB2 receptors, essential for main biological processes such as sleep, appetite, memory, and pain...
March 6, 2024: Pharmacopsychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38443727/cerebral-perfusion-characteristics-and-dynamic-brain-structural-changes-in-stroke-prone-renovascular-hypertensive-rats-a-preclinical-model-for-cerebral-small-vessel-disease
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiangming Xu, Chi Xiao, Ming Yi, Jing Yang, Mengshi Liao, Kun Zhou, Liuting Hu, Fubing Ouyang, Linfang Lan, Yuhua Fan
Hypertension is a leading cause of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and vascular dementia in elderly individuals. We aimed to assess cerebral perfusion and dynamic changes in brain structure in stroke-prone renovascular hypertensive rats (RHRSPs) with different durations of hypertension and to investigate whether they have pathophysiological features similar to those of humans with CSVD. The RHRSP model was established using the two-kidney, two-clip (2k2c) method, and the Morris water maze (MWM) test, MRI, immunohistochemistry, and biochemical analysis were performed at multiple time points for up to six months following the 2k2c operation...
March 5, 2024: Translational Stroke Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38440783/developing-the-healthy-actions-and-lifestyles-to-avoid-dementia-or-hispanos-y-el-alto-a-la-demencia-program
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sara Moukarzel, Zvinka Z Zlatar, Sheri J Hartman, Derek Lomas, Howard H Feldman, Sarah J Banks
INTRODUCTION: With Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) representing an enormous public health challenge, there is a need to support individuals in learning about and addressing their modifiable risk factors (e.g., diet, sleep, and physical activity) to prevent or delay dementia onset. However, there is limited availability for evidence-informed tools that deliver both quality education and support for positive behavior change such as by increasing self-efficacy and personalizing goal setting...
2024: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38437860/cholinergic-changes-in-lewy-body-disease-implications-for-presentation-progression-and-subtypes
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Niels Okkels, Michel J Grothe, John-Paul Taylor, Steen Gregers Hasselbalch, Tatyana D Fedorova, Karoline Knudsen, Sygrid van der Zee, Teus van Laar, Nicolaas Bohnen, Per Borghammer, Jacob Horsager
Cholinergic degeneration is significant in Lewy body disease, including Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and isolated REM sleep behavior disorder. Extensive research has demonstrated cholinergic alterations in the central nervous system of these disorders. More recently, studies have revealed cholinergic denervation in organs that receive parasympathetic denervation. This enables a comprehensive review of cholinergic changes in Lewy body disease, encompassing both central and peripheral regions, various disease stages, and diagnostic categories...
March 4, 2024: Brain
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38435338/the-use-of-ecological-momentary-assessment-for-family-caregivers-of-adults-with-chronic-conditions-a-systematic-review
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Areum Han, Laurie A Malone, Hee Yun Lee, Jiaqi Gong, Ryan Henry, Xishi Zhu, Hon K Yuen
BACKGROUND: Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) as a real-time data collection method can provide insight into the daily experiences of family caregivers. PURPOSE: This systematic review aimed to synthesize studies involving EMA completed by family caregivers of adults with chronic conditions. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted within six databases for articles published from the inception of the database through September 2023. We extracted the characteristics of the included studies and data on EMA-specific methods to determine the quality of the included studies...
2024: Health Psychology Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38435057/olfactory-deficit-a-potential-functional-marker-across-the-alzheimer-s-disease-continuum
#37
REVIEW
Dongming Liu, Jiaming Lu, Liangpeng Wei, Mei Yao, Huiquan Yang, Pin Lv, Haoyao Wang, Yajing Zhu, Zhengyang Zhu, Xin Zhang, Jiu Chen, Qing X Yang, Bing Zhang
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent form of dementia that affects an estimated 32 million individuals globally. Identifying early indicators is vital for screening at-risk populations and implementing timely interventions. At present, there is an urgent need for early and sensitive biomarkers to screen individuals at risk of AD. Among all sensory biomarkers, olfaction is currently one of the most promising indicators for AD. Olfactory dysfunction signifies a decline in the ability to detect, identify, or remember odors...
2024: Frontiers in Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38432857/effect-of-hyperbaric-oxygen-on-symptoms-of-dementia-in-patients-with-delayed-encephalopathy-after-acute-carbon-monoxide-poisoning
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fangling Huang, Yanqing Huang, Xu Huang, Su'e Wang, Zhengrong Peng
OBJECTIVES: Delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning (DEACMP) is the most severe complication of carbon monoxide poisoning, which seriously endangers patients' quality of life. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2 ) on improving dementia symptoms in patients with DEACMP. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on DEACMP patients, who visited Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from June 2014 to June 2020...
November 28, 2023: Zhong Nan da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban, Journal of Central South University. Medical Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38432175/examining-the-relationship-between-brain-activation-and-proxies-of-disease-severity-using-quantile-regression-in-individuals-at-risk-of-alzheimer-s-disease
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laurie Décarie-Labbé, Isaora Zefania Dialahy, Nick Corriveau-Lecavalier, Samira Mellah, Sylvie Belleville
Previous studies have reported a pattern of hyperactivation in the pre-dementia phase of Alzheimer's disease (AD), followed by hypoactivation in later stages of the disease. This pattern was modeled as an inverse U-shape function between activation and markers of disease severity. In this study, we used quantile regression to model the association between task-related brain activation in AD signature regions and three markers of disease severity (hippocampal volume, cortical thickness, and associative memory)...
February 15, 2024: Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38427474/the-effect-of-apathy-and-depressive-syndromes-on-functional-outcomes-in-alzheimer-s-disease
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Progress Njomboro, Tlholego Lekhutlile
BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Its initially characterized by progressive short-term memory loss followed by cross-domain cognitive decline in later stages resulting in significant functional deficits and loss of activities of daily living (ADLs) independence. Apathy and depression are frequent neuropsychiatric sequelae in AD, but their contribution to functional deficits is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to quantitatively investigate if apathy and depressive symptoms predict ADLs in AD...
February 26, 2024: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease: JAD
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