Geriatric elderly older adult dementia alzheimer

Perceived threat of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) has been found a widespread phenomenon in developed countries, but has not yet been fully explored in developing countries. Analyzing data from 300 family caregivers of older adults with cognitive impairment in China, this study found caregiver burden was positively associated with the perceived threat of ADRD, and this association was buffered by higher family income and longer caregiving time. To alleviate undue ADRD concerns, it suggests expanding respite care and community elder care beds, and initiating education programs on reducing unnecessary worries about developing ADRD...

BACKGROUND: Routine cognitive screening is essential in the early detection of dementia, but time constraints in primary care settings often limit clinicians' ability to conduct screenings. MyCog Mobile is a newly developed cognitive screening system that patients can self-administer on their smartphones before a primary care visit, which can help save clinics' time, encourage broader screening practices, and increase early detection of cognitive decline. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this pilot study was to examine the feasibility, acceptability, and initial psychometric properties of MyCog Mobile...

INTRODUCTION: Promoting cardiovascular health (CVH) by Life's Simple 7 is associated with better cognitive function. In 2022, the American Heart Association (AHA) prompted Life's Essential 8 (LE8) to strengthen CVH assessment. This study investigated the association between the new CVH metrics assessed by LE8 and cognitive function, thus providing evidence for implementing LE8 in the primordial prevention of cognitive impairment. METHODS: 2,050 participants aged 60 and older from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014 were included...

BACKGROUND: Previous studies assessing olfactory function and cognition have mostly been cross-sectional, and few have investigated the Asian geriatric population. OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationships of olfaction with global or domain-specific cognitive function in Taiwanese community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: This cohort study (2015-2019) is part of the Taiwan Initiative for Geriatric Epidemiological Research. The Taiwanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-T) and a battery of neuropsychological tests were assessed at baseline and at a two-year follow-up...

BACKGROUND: Use of anticholinergic (ACH) medications is associated with increased risk of cognitive decline in the elderly. However, little is known about this association from a health plan perspective. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used the Humana Research Database to identify individuals with at least one ACH medication dispensed in 2015. Patients were followed until incidence of dementia/Alzheimer's disease, death, disenrollment or end of December 2019...

OBJECTIVES: Subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) are the earliest symptom of Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. Increasing evidence shows an association between poor sleep quality and SCC, but the current conclusions regarding the association between poor sleep quality and SCC in older adults are contradictory. Here, we aimed to explore the correlation of SCC with poor sleep quality among older adults without dementia living in nursing home and community in China. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey on sleep and psychosomatic health of older adults was conducted in Guangdong, China, between November 2020 and March 2021...

Nowadays, controversy exists regarding the influence of comorbid depression on cognition in old age. Additionally, we still know little about the influence of depression in mixed dementia (MD), that is, in cases where there is the co-existence of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia (VaD). Given that the assessment of financial capacity is pivotal for independent living as well as in the prevention of financial exploitation and abuse in old age, in this pilot study, we aimed to examine whether comorbid depression in MD patients can influence financial capacity performance...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Visual impairment (VI) and dementia both increase with age, and it is likely that many older people are living with both conditions. This scoping review aims to investigate the prevalence and types of VI among older people living with dementia, and the impact of VI on older people living with dementia and their caregivers. METHODS: This scoping review used Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework. Studies in any setting involving people living with dementia and some assessment of either VI, eye diseases causing VI or the impact of VI were included...

The rivastigmine patch is the only existing transdermal delivery system used for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Among the most common adverse events derived from its use are gastrointestinal events, particularly diarrhea. We report a clinical case of an 81-year-old patient admitted to our hospital under long-standing treatment with rivastigmine transdermal patch who presented with atypical watery diarrhea. Anamnesis showed that the patient presented with a likely infectious gastroenteric event, the diarrheal symptoms of which persisted upon resolution of the event and resolved only upon temporary discontinuation of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors...

The use of cannabinoids as therapeutic drugs has increased among aging populations recently. Age-related changes in the endogenous cannabinoid system could influence the effects of therapies that target the cannabinoid system. At the preclinical level, cannabidiol (CBD) induces anti-amyloidogenic, antioxidative, anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. These findings suggest a potential therapeutic role of cannabinoids to neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer...

BACKGROUND: Delirium, an acute decline in cognition and attention, is a common and severe problem for hospitalized older adults, with incidence rates ranging from 11% to 56%, and 1.5 to 4.0-fold increased risk of death. Delirium in older adults with preexisting Dementia is prevalent. Delirium may worsen the cognitive decline, prognosis, and long-term outcomes of dementia. Despite its multifaceted nature, delirium is preventable in 30% to 40% of cases. A California academic community hospital experienced a higher incidence of delirium (30% to 40%) in adult non-critical care units as compared to delirium rates (11% to 29%) in similar hospital settings...

BACKGROUND: Researchers investigated the use of an emotional support robot to improve the well-being of institutionalized older adults in Armenia. The autonomous assistant called Robin the Robot assessed the cognitive and psychosocial needs of elders in a nursing home in Armenia. Robin the Robot is a semi-autonomous robot that interprets facial expressions and conversational contextual clues to understand emotions from individuals, and then uses artificial intelligence to guide its responses and develop a therapeutic interaction with patients METHOD: The twelve-week study was a randomized control trial of using Robin the Robot as an intervention to improve well-being of older individuals in long-term nursing care facilities in Armenia...

BACKGROUND: Age-associated cognitive decline has become a major threat to both personal welfare and public health and can further develop into Dementia/Alzheimer's disease. Sleep is significantly correlated with cognitive function, but both cognitive impairment and sleep problems increase with normal aging. This study explored how sleep duration affects cognitive performance among older adults in China. METHODS: Using data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) in 2014 and 2018, cognitive function was assessed via the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), which included five domains: orientation, registration, attention or calculation, recall, and language...

Depression is frequent amongst older adults, and is a risk factor for dementia. Identifying molecular links between depression and dementia is necessary to shed light on shared disease mechanisms. Reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neuroinflammation are implicated in the pathophysiology of depression and dementia. The exercise-induced hormone, irisin, increases BDNF and improves cognition in animal models of Alzheimer's disease. Lipoxin A4 is a lipid mediator with anti-inflammatory activity...

BACKGROUND: There is a global agreement in the medical community that a significant proportion of dementia cases could be prevented or postponed. One of the factors behind this agreement comes from scientific evidence showing that mind-body interventions such as mindfulness and yoga for the elderly have been related to a range of positive outcomes, including improved cognition performance in seniors with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a yoga-based mindfulness intervention (YBM) versus psychoeducational sessions for older adults with MCI attending Hospital Clinic Universidad de Chile in Santiago...

Background and objectives: Obesity is a risk factor for cognitive decline. Probable mechanisms involve inflammation and cerebrovascular dysfunction, leading to diminished cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR). The hippocampus, crucially involved in memory processing and thus relevant to many types of dementia, poses a challenge in studies of perfusion and CVR, due to its location, small size, and complex shape. We examined the relationships between body mass index (BMI) and hippocampal resting CBF and CVR to carbon dioxide (CVRCO2 ) in a group of cognitively normal middle-aged and older adults...

Background: Evidence for late-life alcohol consumption being associated with reduced dementia risk is largely based on cohort studies of predominately non-Hispanic white older adults. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between late-life alcohol consumption and dementia risk among Mexican-America adults aged 75 and older. Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of waves 5 (2004/05) to 8 (2012/13) of the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly. The final sample included 1,255 participants...

Introduction: Sleepiness has been associated with cognitive decline and dementia in the elderly. Older adults with excessive daytime sleepiness appear to be more vulnerable to longitudinal amyloid PET accumulation before the onset of the dementia. However, it remains unclear whether sleepiness is similarly associated with other biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD), axonal integrity, and inflammation, which may also contribute to neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis, we identified 260 cognitively unimpaired adults (>60 years) from the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging, a population-based cohort from Olmsted County (MN), who underwent CSF quantification of AD biomarkers (Aβ42, p-tau, p-tau/Aβ42) in addition to at least one of the following biomarkers [neurofilament light chain (NfL) interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)]...

BACKGROUND: Monitoring technologies are used to collect a range of information, such as one's location out of the home or movement within the home, and transmit that information to caregivers to support aging in place. Their surveilling nature, however, poses ethical dilemmas and can be experienced as intrusive to people living with Alzheimer disease (AD) and AD-related dementias. These challenges are compounded when older adults are not engaged in decision-making about how they are monitored...

Background: Frailty is a multidimensional syndrome that increases an individual's vulnerability for developing adverse health outcomes, which include dementia. It might serve as a promising target for dementia prevention. However, there are currently no studies summarizing the association between multi-concept frailty and the risk of cognitive disorders. This study aims to summarize the evidence of associations between multi-concept frailty and cognitive disorders based on longitudinal studies...