gun wounds

BACKGROUND: Firing guns into the air during celebrations is a tradition that poses significant risks to public safety. These falling bullets, often referred to as tired bullets, can attain high velocities during their descent and have the potential to cause serious injury or death to people and animals, or significant damage to property upon impact. METHODS: This study aimed to retrospectively detect and analyze incidents of celebratory gunfire-related injuries (CGRI) that were admitted to three different hospitals in two cities in Turkey over a 10-year period from 2014 to 2023...

INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic created difficulties in access to care. There was also increased penetrating trauma in adults, which has been attributed to factors including increased firearm sales and social isolation. However, less is known about the relationship between the pandemic and pediatric trauma patients (PTPs). This study aimed to investigate the national incidence of penetrating trauma in PTPs, hypothesizing a higher rate with onset of the pandemic. We additionally hypothesized increased risk of complications and death in penetrating PTPs after the pandemic versus prepandemic...

INTRODUCTION: Trauma during pregnancy deserves special attention as management must be directed towards both the mother and the fetus. Management of maxillofacial fractures in pregnancy can adversely affect the well-being of the fetus by impinging on normal functions such as respiration, mastication, and nutrition. Pregnancy complicates the management of facial injury due to the maintenance of the patent airway, anesthesia considerations, and imaging restraints. The purpose of this study is to use three illustrative from our own institution to further elucidate education on the management of mandible fracture in pregnancy with a focus on multidisciplinary treatment and outcomes...

Hosta longipes (Franch. & Sav.) Matsum. (Asparagaceae) is a perennial, herbaceous plant, native to Japan and Korea (Lee et al. 2021). In Korea, the plant is used as an edible vegetable and ornamental (Kang and Ju 2015). During 2021-2022, anthracnose symptoms were observed on leaves of H. longipes with over 70% disease incidence in Wanju-gun (35°38'47''N; 127°31'16''E) and Jangsu-gun (35°35'31''N; 127°30'03''E) in Jeollabuk-do, Korea. The disease initially appeared on old leaves, gradually spreading to young ones...

Nail gun injuries to the hand are an increasingly common encounter amongst those in the construction injury and a frequent presentation to the emergency department. Despite their frequency, nail gun injuries rarely involve significant structural injury. We present a rare case of severe injury by a barbed nail to the median nerve requiring surgical exploration. At our latest follow up 14 months post-operatively, the patient had ongoing sensory and motor deficits, cold intolerance and reduced proprioception and range of motion at the index finger...

Chest wall reconstruction is challenging due to the complex shape and large defect size. The three-dimensional printing technology enables the fabrication of customized implants, and 3D-printed pure-titanium could provide superior mechanical properties to conventional materials. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term outcomes of patients undergoing chest wall reconstruction with a 3D-printed pure-titanium implant. Between August 2018 and May 2021, five patients underwent surgery due to sternal metastasis (n = 3), postoperative sternal wound infection (n = 1), and deformity (n = 1)...

Firearm injuries are a major public health concern with much focus on injuries due to violent crimes in urban areas. Less focus has been on self-inflicted injuries and rural settings. This study included 201 patients, of which 124 (61.7%) were accidental and 77 (38.3%) were intentional self-inflicted gunshot wounds (GSWs) sustained over 6 years at a rural level 1 trauma center. Injury severity scores ( P < .001), hospital days ( P < .001), and mortality ( P < .001) were significantly higher among intentional self-inflicted GSWs...

The gun assault case fatality rate measures the fraction of shooting victims who die from their wounds. Considerable debate has surrounded whether gun assault case fatality rates have changed over time and what factors may be involved. We use crime event data from Los Angeles to examine the victim and situational correlates of gun assault case fatality rates over time. We estimated log binomial regression models for the probability of death in each year from 2005 to 2021, conditioned on situational and victim characteristics of the crime...

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown a reduction in pediatric trauma volume during COVID-19, but many have looked at a limited number of facilities, analyzed a narrow timeframe, or both. The objective of this analysis was to assess the impact of COVID-19 on pediatric trauma volume for a statewide sample during 2020. Based on previous literature, researchers hypothesized a reduction in volume during the implementation of these policies. METHODS: Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of five years (2016 - 2020) of Indiana's statewide trauma patient registry...

BACKGROUND: Lamiophlomis rotata (Benth.) Kudo (L. rotata), the oral Traditional Tibetan herbal medicine, is adopted for treating knife and gun wounds for a long time. As previously demonstrated, total iridoid glycoside extract of L. rotata (IGLR) induced polarization of M2 macrophage to speed up wound healing. In diabetic wounds, high levels inflammatory and chemotactic factors are usually related to high reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. As a ROS target gene, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), influences the differentiation of monocytes to M1/M2 macrophages...

INTRODUCTION: Understanding gun owners' perceptions of potential firearm policies' harms and benefits is critical to successful policy development and implementation. We used national survey data to develop and validate a novel instrument, the Harms and Benefits Inventory (HBI), for policy-makers and advocates to better consider the citizen perspective. METHOD: We conducted a nationally representative survey of American gun owners and non-owners (N=2007) using the Social Science Research Solutions probability panel...

BACKGROUND: French Guiana (FG) is a French territory located in South America with the highest rate of armed assaults. FG presents a poorly developed road system and a young and precarious population that makes the geographical and socio-demographic characteristics specific. No data concerning the firearm injury management are available in this country. Studying thesis trauma could permit to improve the management of victims. The objective of this study is to investigate the epidemiology of firearm injuries in FG, to define characteristics of the victims, and to assess factors associated with death...

OBJECTIVES: To describe the mechanisms and visual outcomes of recreational and sports-related open globe injuries (OGIs). METHODS: A retrospective case series of eyes experiencing OGI secondary to recreational and sports-related activities at Memorial Hermann Hospital - Texas Medical Center (MHH-TMC) from January 1st, 2010 through March 31st, 2015 was conducted. Exclusionary criteria included no documented ophthalmologic examination upon presentation and repairs performed by services other than ophthalmology...

Head and neck cancer treatment often consists of surgical resection of the tumor followed by ionizing radiation (IR), which can damage surrounding tissues and cause adverse side effects. The underlying mechanisms of radiation-induced salivary gland dysfunction are not fully understood, and treatment options are scarce and ineffective. The wound healing process is a necessary response to tissue injury, and broadly consists of inflammatory, proliferative, and redifferentiation phases with immune cells playing key roles in all three phases...

Nicolau syndrome is a rare adverse reaction that can occur in the setting of intramuscular, intravenous, and subcutaneous injections. Proper diagnosis and management are critical to avoid complications including abscesses, muscular atrophy, and necrotizing fasciitis. Here, we report a 55-year-old female with multiple sclerosis who presented to our clinic following a subcutaneous injection of 40mg of glatiramer. She immediately noted a sharp pain and erythema, which developed into a purple discoloration, became purulent, and eventually necrosed...

In India, the majority of postmortem examinations are conducted by medical professionals who lack expertise in the field of forensic medicine. Medicolegal autopsy services that are done by forensic experts are primarily confined to tertiary care centers, although a significant portion of medicolegal postmortem examinations occurs in non-tertiary healthcare setups. In this context, postmortem examination reports occasionally fail to encompass essential medicolegal features, resulting in dissatisfaction among both crime investigators and the deceased's relatives...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of RBF (Retained Bullet Fragment) removal at the time of long bone fixation on FRI (fracture related infection) rates in low energy GSI (Gunshot Injury) related fractures. DESIGN: Retrospective Cohort Study SETTING: Level 1 Academic Trauma Center INTERVENTION: Retrospective review of the impact of RBFs on the risk of FRI when employing internal fixation in low energy GSI (Gunshot Injury) related fractures. In situations where the injury pattern requires surgical fixation, the question arises as to whether or not the RBFs need to be removed to prevent FRI...

BACKGROUND: Firearm violence is a major cause of death and injury in the United States. Tracking the movement of firearms from legal purchase to use in crimes can help inform prevention of firearm injuries and deaths. The last state-wide studies analyzing crime gun recoveries used data from over 20 years ago; thus, an update is needed. METHODS: We used data for 5,247,348 handgun and 2,868,713 long gun transactions and law enforcement recoveries from California crime gun recovery (2010-2021) and California's Dealer Records of Sales records...

BACKGROUND: Outpatient follow-up represents a crucial opportunity to re-engage with gun violence survivors (GVS) and to facilitate positive health outcomes. Current outpatient models for firearm-related injuries and trauma care are inconsistent and unstandardized across trauma centers. This project describes the patient population served by the multidisciplinary Trauma Quality of Life (TQoL) Clinic for GVS. Also of primary interest was the outpatient follow-up services used by patients prior to their clinic appointment...

BACKGROUND: Media outlets that report on firearm injuries and deaths may provide an important role in emphasizing safe storage practices, particularly when unintentional firearm injuries and deaths occur among young children. There has been a scarcity of research on aspects of media reports on injuries, particularly concerning prevention messaging. The objective of the present study was to examine prevention messaging on the safe storage of firearms among media outlets when reporting on unintentional firearm injury deaths among children aged 0-11...