Pharmacist remuneration

BACKGROUND: People living with severe and persistent mental illness (SPMI) often take multiple medications and are at risk of experiencing medication related problems. Medication review services have the potential to reduce inappropriate use of psychotropic medications and improve adherence. However, there is limited research regarding pharmacists' perspectives when providing such services. AIM: To explore community pharmacists' views and experiences of providing an in-pharmacy medication review (MedsCheck) for people living with SPMI...

BACKGROUND: Community pharmacists are well-placed to promote and provide mental health medication management services. However, literature evaluating the impact of pharmacy services in supporting people living with severe and persistent mental illness (SPMI) is currently limited. An individualised, goal-oriented pharmacist-led support service that focused on improving the physical and mental health of consumers living with SPMI, namely the PharMIbridge intervention, was provided to consumer participants as part of the PharMIbridge Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT)...

BACKGROUND: Rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are rising despite significant management efforts in traditional healthcare settings. The growing number of individuals affected by STIs demonstrates a gap in care. Pharmacy-based STI clinical services are a potential solution to improve care. OBJECTIVE: To identify and summarize research about the implementation of pharmacy-based STI services, focusing on program characteristics, barriers, facilitators, and pharmacist and patient experiences...

OBJECTIVE(S): To (1) explore barriers and enablers to patient and healthcare providers (HCPs) behaviours related to SDMG, (2) identify theory-informed strategies to advise SDMG intervention design, and (3) obtain perspectives on an eHealth tool for this purpose. METHODS: A qualitative descriptive study using qualitative conventional content analysis was undertaken. Interviews and focus groups were held with patients and HCPs from January 2021 to April 2022. Data was analyzed using the behaviour change wheel and theoretical domains framework to inform intervention design...

In England, almost all the population are within a short walk of a community pharmacy. This network of pharmacies provides a range of services, most of which are commissioned and remunerated through a nationally agreed contract with the National Health Service (NHS). Over time this contract has seen funding move from the traditional core service of dispensing medicines, toward patient-facing clinical services. All of these services have elements of self-care built in to the service specification, which pharmacists are mandated to deliver...

BACKGROUND: The demographics of the pharmacy workforce is changing with an increased proportion of pharmacists less than 30 years old (early career pharmacists-ECPs). In parallel, the profession has experienced workload intensification and workforce attrition. It is important to understand ECPs career satisfaction to retain this section of the pharmacy profession. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to collect data on the current career satisfaction of ECPs, and identify workplace factors that were most important to this group...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the development of pharmaceutical interviews in pharmacies in France, in order to understand the organization implemented, any limitations and the expansion of eligible pathologies. METHOD: A dematerialized questionnaire was designed and distributed between November 2022 and February 2023 to pharmacists and pharmacy students in France (mainland and overseas) via a link to a Google Form. RESULTS: Ninety-four pharmacists from 8 different regions of France responded to the survey...

Background and Objectives: Schizophrenia, a debilitating mental illness, is often associated with significant physical health risks. Many second-generation antipsychotics increase the risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Community pharmacists are highly accessible and could play a role in monitoring cardiometabolic adverse drug events in people with schizophrenia. However, it remains uncertain whether mental health professionals perceive this as valuable. This study aimed to explore the opinions of mental healthcare professionals regarding the role of community pharmacists in reducing the incidence of cardiometabolic adverse events in people with schizophrenia and their integration into a multidisciplinary mental health team...

BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for the development of chronic diseases, and it is increasingly prevalent in the Portuguese population. Pharmacists' role in promoting physical activity (PA) is still not well established, although health promotion is foreseen by law in Portugal. Competing tasks and location where the pharmacy is embedded can hinder this promotion in their daily practice. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify the main barriers and facilitators of physical activity promotion (PAP) in Portuguese community pharmacies and explore possible pathways for future implementation of physical activity promotion...

Introduction New Zealand pharmacists must complete a joint prescribing course offered by Otago and Auckland universities only, to be qualified as pharmacist prescribers. Aim To identify knowledge and perceptions of New Zealand registered pharmacists, who are not pharmacist prescribers, on: pharmacist prescribing roles, courses and perceived barriers and facilitators to course uptake. Methods Participants comprised registered practising New Zealand pharmacists (n  = 4025), across all New Zealand regions...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate patterns of extended pharmacy services (EPS) provided by Malaysian community pharmacists and their willingness to provide value-added services (VAS) in addition to EPS. Additionally, this study examined the barriers to the effective implementation of these two services. METHOD: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire among community pharmacists in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur. Convenience sampling was done, and descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were performed...

OBJECTIVE: Pharmaceutical presence in oncology allows the clinical pharmacist to integrate tripartite consultations for primary prescription of oral anticancer drugs. The aim of the study is to describe the deployment of the clinical pharmacy activity in 2 oncology departments since its implementation in 2019, to assess the financial gain of the pharmaceutical interventions through the new gradation of outpatient management published on September 10, 2020, and finally to assess their satisfaction following the deployment of this pathway...

BACKGROUND: There is a growing body of evidence that supports the clinical effectiveness of pharmacist roles in outpatient settings. However, limited studies have investigated the economic efficiency of advanced-scope outpatient pharmacist roles, particularly in the Australian setting. Assessing the overall costs and benefits of these outpatient pharmacist roles is needed to ensure service sustainability. AIMS: To use a cost-consequence approach to evaluate the advanced-scope outpatient pharmacist roles across multiple clinic disciplines from the hospital perspective...

The increasing pressure on healthcare systems (HCSs) is a cause for concern worldwide. Rising costs, uncertainty about sustainability, and aging populations are the main issues that make it challenging to allocate scarce resources to the needs of HCSs. Clinical professional pharmacy services (PSs) have been shown to help alleviate system stress and to reach the entire population, although a cost of provision is borne. The objective of this study was to evaluate the provision costs of three PSs, a medicine-dispensing service (MDS), a multicompartmental compliance aid system service (MCAS), and a cognitive impairment screening service (CISS), in a rural community pharmacy...

BACKGROUND: The decline in healthcare workforce is a global trend that is alarming in low and middle-income countries (LMIC) in LMIC and many countries worldwide, pharmacists plays critical role in healthcare, many of which are not limited to patient care, research and development, health promotion. However, growing dissatisfaction among pharmacists working in public health facilities has become increasingly common and can have severe public health consequence. Job dissatisfaction ranks among the most significant factors influencing healthcare employees to seek career changes, reduce productivity, and possibly migrate to more promising opportunities, thereby posing a public health threat in the region...

BACKGROUND: In Switzerland, 20,000 people are hospitalized each year as result of drug related problems (DRPs). The sources of DRPs can be related to patients' behavior (i.e., wrong administration) or to health processes (i.e., drug-drug interaction). No community pharmacy (CP) service focus on DRPs related to patients' behavior is currently recognized or remunerated in Switzerland. A medication review with follow up (MRF) has been developed to evaluate prescription and non-prescription medication...

Community pharmacists form a vital part of the health system all around the globe. Pharmacy remuneration models are aimed to ensure that pharmacies are sustained, and pharmacists could provide cost-effective services to the patients. This review summarizes the pharmacy services remuneration systems from different parts of the globe. Some countries have well-established reimbursement systems that recognize and compensate community pharmacies for their services, others are in the process of expanding the scope of reimbursable services...

INTRODUCTION: Acne is a common skin condition treated in community pharmacy but moderate to severe cases may need referral to general practice for treatment that may include topical or oral antimicrobial treatments. Pharmacy teams working in the community are well-placed to manage acne treatments in line with NICE guidance. OBJECTIVES: To explore the perceived current and future roles of community pharmacy (CP) teams alongside needs to achieve potential future roles...

BACKGROUND: Documentation of pharmacists' activities, such as drug related problems (DRPs) management, is necessary to estimate fair remuneration but is rarely done in community pharmacies. OBJECTIVE: To document and evaluate the evolution of DRPs prevalence and management over six years. METHODS: Observational study carried out since 2016 in a community pharmacy. Documentation was made yearly for 21 days (depending on seasons, holidays and medical internship rotations) using the ClinPhADoc tool...

BACKGROUND: Evidence exists of pharmacists providing free or partially subsidised clinical services in order to meet patient healthcare needs. Little is known about how patients perceive the quality and importance of such unfunded services to their healthcare. OBJECTIVES: To explore pharmacy user perspectives about unfunded services such as their valuation, why they chose to access these services from the pharmacy as well as their willingness to pay should pharmacies need to start charging for the provision of such services owing to budgetary constraints...