keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38390020/-delta-hepatitis-in-africa-epidemiological-and-clinical-particularities
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Françoise Lunel Fabiani, Ahmed El Bara, Cheikh Tijani Hamed, Hélène LE Guillou Guillemette
In 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections caused 1.5 million deaths, mostly attributable to complications from chronic infections, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite the availability of a vaccine, 296 million people were chronically infected in 2019. Asia and Africa are the continents most affected by this infection, with around 100 million people infected in Africa as a whole.Hepatitis Delta or D virus (HDV), which is a "satellite" virus of HBV, is often misunderstood and its diagnosis remains neglected...
December 31, 2023: Med Trop Sante Int
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38388345/mortality-and-associated-factors-among-people-living-with-hiv-admitted-at-a-tertiary-care-hospital-in-uganda-a-cross-sectional-study
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Darius Owachi, Praise Akatukunda, Diana Sarah Nanyanzi, Rogers Katwesigye, Shardrack Wanyina, Martin Muddu, Samuel Kawuma, Nelson Kalema, Charles Kabugo, Fred C Semitala
BACKGROUND: Hospital admission outcomes for people living with HIV (PLHIV) in resource-limited settings are understudied. We describe in-hospital mortality and associated clinical-demographic factors among PLHIV admitted at a tertiary-level public hospital in Uganda. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of routinely collected data for PLHIV admitted at Kiruddu National Referral Hospital between March 2020 and March 2023. We estimated the proportion of PLHIV who had died during hospitalization and performed logistic regression modelling to identify predictors of mortality...
February 22, 2024: BMC Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38379565/risk-stratification-of-advanced-fibrosis-in-patients-with-human-immunodeficiency-virus-and-hepatic-steatosis-using-the-fibrosis-4-nonalcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-fibrosis-and-bard-scores
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
George A Yendewa, Ana Khazan, Jeffrey M Jacobson
BACKGROUND: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and subsequent progression to fibrosis is increasingly prevalent in people with HIV (PWH). We used noninvasive methods to stratify risk and identify associated factors of advanced fibrosis in PWH with NAFLD. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of PWH in our clinic from 2005 to 2022. We used liver imaging or biopsy reports to identify cases of hepatic steatosis after excluding specified etiologies. We used the Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), NAFLD Fibrosis (NFS), and body mass index, aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase ratio, and diabetes score scores to stratify fibrosis...
February 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38379300/slovenia-s-national-hiv-prep-programme-evaluation-of-real-world-implementation
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jerca Ambrožič, Peter Adamič, Janez Tomažič
BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was to evaluate real-world implementation of Slovenia's national HIV PrEP programme, which is fully covered by our national health insurance. METHODS: In retrospective cohort study we analysed the data from all men who have sex with men (MSM) who were enrolled in PrEP programme of our clinic between 1 January 2022 and 31 December 2022. RESULTS: A total of 190 MSM with an average age of 36.7 years were included in our analysis...
February 20, 2024: International Journal of STD & AIDS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38368823/hiv-and-gp120-induced-lipid-droplets-loss-in-hepatic-stellate-cells-contribute-to-profibrotic-profile
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cinthya Alicia Marcela López, Rosa Nicole Freiberger, Franco Agustín Sviercz, Patricio Jarmoluk, Cintia Cevallos, Jorge Quarleri, María Victoria Delpino
Liver fibrosis is the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins, primarily collagen, in response to liver injury caused by chronic liver diseases. HIV infection accelerates the progression of liver fibrosis in patients co-infected with HCV or HBV compared to those who are only mono-infected. The early event in the progression of liver fibrosis involves the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which entails the loss of lipid droplets (LD) to fuel the production of extracellular matrix components crucial for liver tissue healing...
February 16, 2024: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. Molecular Basis of Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38367632/under-representation-of-the-who-african-region-in-clinical-trials-of-interventions-against-hepatitis-b-virus-infection
#26
REVIEW
Marion Delphin, Khadija Said Mohammed, Louise O Downs, Sheila F Lumley, Elizabeth Waddilove, Dorcas Okanda, Nadia Aliyan, Marije Van Schalkwyk, Motswedi Anderson, Ponsiano Ocama, Tongai Maponga, Judith Torimiro, Collins Iwuji, Thumbi Ndung'u, Philippa C Matthews, Jantjie Taljaard
The WHO African region bears a disproportionate burden of morbidity and mortality related to chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and accounts for an estimated 70% of new HBV infections worldwide. We investigated the extent to which HBV clinical trials represented populations in this region by searching the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and ClinicalTrials.gov for interventional clinical trials published in English between database inception and May 29, 2023, using the search term "Hepatitis B"...
February 14, 2024: Lancet. Gastroenterology & Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38367631/direct-acting-antiviral-therapies-for-hepatitis-c-infection-global-registration-reimbursement-and-restrictions
#27
REVIEW
Alison D Marshall, Alex R Willing, Abe Kairouz, Evan B Cunningham, Alice Wheeler, Nicholas O'Brien, Vidura Perera, John W Ward, Lindsey Hiebert, Louisa Degenhardt, Behzad Hajarizadeh, Samantha Colledge, Matthew Hickman, Danielle Jawad, Jeffrey V Lazarus, Gail V Matthews, Andrew Scheibe, Peter Vickerman, Gregory J Dore, Jason Grebely
Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have delivered high response rates (>95%) and simplified the management of HCV treatment, permitting non-specialists to manage patients without advanced liver disease. We collected and reviewed global data on the registration and reimbursement (government subsidised) of HCV therapies, including restrictions on reimbursement. Primary data collection occurred between Nov 15, 2021, and July 24, 2023, through the assistance of a global network of 166 HCV experts...
February 14, 2024: Lancet. Gastroenterology & Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38361232/organ-nonutilization-following-revision-to-the-public-health-service-donor-risk-criteria-for-hiv-hcv-or-hbv-transmission
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suhani S Patel, Jacqueline I Kim, Darren E Stewart, Dorry L Segev, Allan B Massie
BACKGROUND: Organs from Public Health Service criteria (PHSC) donors, previously referred to as PHS infectious-risk donors, have historically been recovered but not used, traditionally referred to as "discard," at higher rates despite negligible risk to recipients. On March 1, 2021, the definition of PHSC donors narrowed to include only the subset of donors deemed to have meaningfully elevated risk in the current era of improved infectious disease testing. METHODS: Using Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients data from May 1, 2019, to December 31, 2022, we compared rates of PHSC classification and nonutilization of PHSC organs before versus after the March 1, 2021, policy change among recovered decedents using the χ2 tests...
February 16, 2024: Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38344074/metastatic-pancreatic-carcinoma-with-neuroendocrine-differentiation-in-a-cat
#29
Aline Nochi Berto, Gisele Augusta Amorim de Lemos, Felipe Martins Negreiros Navolar, Giovana Wingeter Di Santis, Marcelo de Souza Zanutto
CASE SUMMARY: This report describes the case of a 7-year-old male neutered domestic mixed-breed cat that was initially referred to the Veterinary Hospital of the State University of Londrina for evaluation of a 2-week history of abdominal distension and a 2-day history of anorexia, infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). Abdominal ultrasound revealed an expansive mass located around the pancreas and right hepatic lobe. In the transoperative macroscopic observation, multiple white nodules were visualized in the liver, pancreas, mesentery, intestine, stomach and peritoneal wall...
2024: JFMS Open Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38342439/major-cardiovascular-events-after-covid-19-in-people-with-hiv
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Raquel Martín-Iguacel, Sergio Moreno-Fornés, Andreu Bruguera, Jordi Aceitón, Daniel Kwakye Nomah, Ana González-Cordón, Pere Domingo, Adrian Curran, Arkaitz Imaz, David Dalmau Juanola, Joaquim Peraire, Beatriz Borjabad, Laia Arbones Fernandez, Isik Somuncu Johansen, José M Miró, Jordi Casabona, Josep M Llibre
OBJECTIVES: To assess the impact of COVID-19 on the post-acute risk of cardiovascular events (CVE) among people with HIV (PWH). METHODS: Population-based matched cohort including all PWH ≥16 years in the Catalan PISCIS HIV cohort. We estimated the incidence rate (IR) of first CVE after COVID-19, analysed as a composite outcome (2020-2022). We adjusted for baseline differences using inverse probability weighting and used competing risk analysis. RESULTS: We included 4,199 PWH with and 14,004 PWH without COVID-19...
February 9, 2024: Clinical Microbiology and Infection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38341187/safety-of-the-yellow-fever-vaccine-in-people-living-with-hiv-a-longitudinal-study-exploring-post-vaccination-viremia-and-hematological-and-liver-kinetics
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Edwiges Motta, Luiz Antônio B Camacho, Ana Bispo de Filippis, Marcellus Costa, Luciana Pedro, Sandra W Cardoso, Marta Cristina de Oliveira Souza, Ygara da Silva Mendes, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Lara E Coelho
BACKGROUND: Safety data on the yellow fever vaccine 17DD in People Living with HIV (PLWH) are limited. This study explored the occurrence of post-vaccination 17DD viremia and the kinetics of hematological and liver laboratorial parameters in PLWH and HIV-uninfected participants [HIV(-) controls]. METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of a longitudinal interventional trial (NCT03132311) study that enrolled PLWH and HIV(-) controls to receive a single 17DD dose and were followed at 5, 30 and 365 days after vaccination in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil...
February 7, 2024: Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38336098/management-of-dyslipidemia-in-special-groups
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jayagopal P B, Prafulla G Kerkar
Dyslipidemia management in situations like pregnancy, in diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, chronic liver disease, and in the elderly are challenging scenarios. Pregnancy is a contraindication for many drugs. The interaction of various drugs used in HIV infection and rheumatoid arthritis makes it even more difficult to treat with conventional and approved drugs for dyslipidemia. Elderly and chronic renal failure patients often do not tolerate the drugs very well and the data of dyslipidemia management is very different...
February 7, 2024: Indian Heart Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38332750/new-window-into-hepatitis-b-in-africa-liver-sampling-combined-with-single-cell-omics-enables-deep-and-longitudinal-assessment-of-intrahepatic-immunity-in-zambia
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Taonga Musonda, Michael S Wallace, Hailey Patel, Owen P Martin, Christopher Oetheimer, Simutanyi Mwakamui, Edford Sinkala, Bright Nsokolo, Annie Kanunga, Georg Lauer, Raymond T Chung, Gilles Wandeler, Debika Bhattacharya, Paul Kelly, Nadia Alatrakchi, Michael J Vinikoor
In Lusaka, Zambia, we introduced liver fine needle aspiration (FNA) into a research cohort of adults with treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, with and without HIV coinfection, as well as with acute HBV infection. Over 117 enrollment and 47 longitudinal FNAs (at 1 year follow-up), we established participant acceptability and safety. We also demonstrated the quality of the material through single cell RNA sequencing of selected enrollment FNAs, which revealed a range of immune cells...
February 9, 2024: Journal of Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38315437/a-novel-small-anti-hbv-compound-reduces-hbsag-and-hbv-dna-by-destabilizing-hbv-rna
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takehisa Watanabe, Sanae Hayashi, Yan Zhaoyu, Hiroki Inada, Katsuya Nagaoka, Masakuni Tateyama, Yasuhito Tanaka
BACKGROUND: Currently, standard treatments for chronic hepatitis B such as nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs), effectively reduce hepatitis B virus (HBV) loads but rarely result in a functional cure (defined as sustained HBsAg loss). We report the discovery of a novel, 4-pyridone compound, SAG-524, a potent and orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of HBV replication. METHODS: The antiviral characteristics and selectivity of SAG-524 and its derivative compound against HBV were evaluated in HBV-infection assays and HBV-infected chimeric urokinase-type plasminogen activator/severe combined immunodeficiency mice with humanized livers (PXB mice), alone or in combination with entecavir...
February 5, 2024: Journal of Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38314810/diagnostic-ability-of-simple-noninvasive-blood-tests-to-predict-increased-liver-stiffness-in-people-living-with-hiv-and-steatotic-liver-disease
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard K Sterling, Eduardo Vilar-Gomez, Laura A Wilson ScM, Rohit Loomba, Samer Gawrieh, Jennifer Price, Susanna Naggie, Jordan E Lake, Sonya Heath, James Tonascia, Mark Sulkowski, Naga Chalasani
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Steatotic liver disease is common in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)(PWH). Identifying those with advanced fibrosis (AF, bridging fibrosis or cirrhosis), F3-4, is important. We aimed to examine the performance of FIB-4 and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) fibrosis score (NFS) in PWH to identify those with AF assessed by liver stiffness measurement (LSM). METHODS: We prospectively collected data on adults participating in two NIH-sponsored HIV NAFLD networks...
February 5, 2024: American Journal of Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38311121/hiv-coinfection-exacerbates-hbv-induced-liver-fibrogenesis-through-a-hif-1%C3%AE-and-tgf-%C3%AE-1-dependent-pathway
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Min Xu, Charlotte Warner, Xiaoqiong Duan, Zhimeng Cheng, Andre J Jeyarajan, Wenting Li, Yongtao Wang, Tuo Shao, Shadi Salloum, Pei-Jer Chen, Xu Yu, Raymond T Chung, Wenyu Lin
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Persons with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection coinfected with HIV experience accelerated progression of liver fibrosis compared to those with HBV mono-infection. We hypothesize that HIV and its proteins promote HBV-induced liver fibrosis in HIV/HBV coinfected cell culture models through HIF-1α and TGF-β1 signaling. METHODS: The HBV positive supernatant, purified HBV viral particles, HIV positive supernatant, or HIV viral particles were directly incubated (or infected) with cell lines or primary cells of hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells, and macrophages in mono or 3D spheroid coculture models...
February 2, 2024: Journal of Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38303112/high-fat-diet-feeding-exacerbates-hiv-1-rectal-transmission
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saroj Chandra Lohani, Amanda E Ramer-Tait, Qingsheng Li
High-fat diet (HFD) is well known to impact various aspects of gut health and has been associated with many diseases and inflammation. However, the impact of HFD feeding on HIV-1 rectal transmission has not yet been well addressed. With an increasing threat of HIV-1 infection in men who have sex with men (MSM), where the rectal route is the primary mode of infection, it is imperative to understand the impact of HFD on gut microbiota and inflammation and consequently, its effect on HIV-1 rectal transmission...
February 2, 2024: MSystems
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38297382/outcomes-of-antiretroviral-treatment-for-0-14-year-old-children-living-with-hiv-in-ganzhou-china-2006-2023
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ting Zeng, Xin Chen, Xiao-Yi Zhang, Chao-Xian Lian, Rong-Rong Yang, Li-Ling Yu, Xiao-Kang Liao, Dan-Dan Huang, Yu-Ning Zhang, Hong-Min Cao
BACKGROUND: Studies on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in children living with HIV (CLHIV) are limited due to the small population and low accession rate of ART. METHODS: All 0-14-year-old CLHIV admitted to the Ganzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention from January 2006 to June 2023 were included retrospectively. The information of treatment regimens, disease progression, and laboratory tests of the patients under ART were used to explore the outcomes and impacts of long-term ART...
January 31, 2024: AIDS Research and Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38293756/efficacy-and-safety-of-daa-in-children-and-adolescents-with-chronic-hcv-infection-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#39
REVIEW
Giuseppe Indolfi, Philippa Easterbrook, Sabrina Giometto, Farihah Malik, Roger Chou, Ersilia Lucenteforte
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: We evaluated the effectiveness and safety of pan-genotypic regimens, glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB), sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL), and sofosbuvir/daclatasvir (SOF/DCV) and other direct-acting antivirals (DAA) regimens for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected adolescents (12-18 years), older children (6-11 years), and young children (3-5 years). The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to inform the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines...
January 31, 2024: Liver International: Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38291946/hepatitis-c-virus-reinfection-incidence-among-gay-and-bisexual-men-with-hiv-in-australia-from-2016-to-2020
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brendan L Harney, Rachel Sacks-Davis, Daniela K van Santen, Michael W Traeger, Anna L Wilkinson, Jason Asselin, Christopher K Fairley, Norman Roth, Mark Bloch, Gail V Matthews, Basil Donovan, Rebecca Guy, Mark Stoové, Margaret E Hellard, Joseph S Doyle
BACKGROUND: There is some concern that hepatitis C virus (HCV) reinfection might impact HCV micro-elimination efforts among gay and bisexual men (GBM) with HIV. However, there is a limited understanding of reinfection incidence in the context of unrestricted government-funded HCV treatment. We aimed to estimate HCV reinfection incidence among GBM with HIV in Australia from 2016 to 2020. METHODS: Data were from 39 clinics participating in ACCESS, a sentinel surveillance network for blood borne viruses and sexually transmissible infections across Australia...
January 31, 2024: Liver International: Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
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