Diabetes Screening

INTRODUCTION: Effective healthcare currently incorporates a patient-centric system and accessible technology for patient self-management. This study aimed to develop and validate a novel questionnaire titled the Digital Tool Use Questionnaire for Diabetes (DTUQ-D) - a screening tool identifying the type, number, and frequency of digital tools used by Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients with within HMOs, online, and via applications. METHODS: The questionnaire was administered to two ethnic groups and both genders...

OBJECTIVE: In this article, the epidemiology, molecular mechanism of occurrence and development, risk factors, and treatment of diabetic microvascular complications such as diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy were discussed, providing the theoretical basis for more accurate elucidation of the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetic microvascular complications. METHODS: The electronic database of PubMed was searched, and retrieved papers were screened for eligibility by two independent reviewers...

UNLABELLED: Islet transplantation for treatment of diabetes is limited by availability of donor islets and requirements for immunosuppression. Stem cell-derived islets might circumvent these issues. SC-islets effectively control glucose metabolism post transplantation, but do not yet achieve full function in vitro with current published differentiation protocols. We aimed to identify markers of mature subpopulations of SC-β cells by studying transcriptional changes associated with in vivo maturation of SC-β cells using RNA-seq and co-expression network analysis...

PURPOSE: Concrete epidemiological evidence has suggested the mutually-contributing effect respectively between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and periodontitis (PD); however, their shared crosstalk mechanism remains an open issue. METHOD: The NAFLD, PD, and T2DM-related datasets were obtained from the NCBI GEO repository. Their common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and the functional enrichment analysis performed by the DAVID platform determined relevant biological processes and pathways...

BACKGROUND: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) contribute significantly to global morbidity and mortality, with cancer being one of the leading causes. In this prospective observational study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence and impact of endocrine disorders, specifically diabetes and thyroid dysfunction, in patients with advanced metastatic cancer undergoing cancer-directed therapy. METHODS: Over 15 months, we recruited 100 histologically proven advanced metastatic cancer patients from the Department of Medical Oncology Haematology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, and conducted institutional-based prospective observational study...

BACKGROUND: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a primary microvascular complication of diabetes with limited therapeutic effects. Delving into the pathogenic mechanisms of DKD and identifying new therapeutic targets is crucial. Emerging studies reveal the implication of ferroptosis and immune dysregulation in the pathogenesis of DKD, however, the precise relationship between them remains not fully elucidated. Investigating their interplay is pivotal to unraveling the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease, offering insights crucial for targeted interventions and improved patient outcomes...

OBJECTIVES: This systematic review was aimed to evaluate the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in periodontitis patients without diabetes mellitus (DM). DATA/SOURCES: The present systematic review and meta-analysis were performed through searching the following electronic databases: EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Open GREY. Interventional studies of periodontitis patients without DM were investigated...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The Q-Score is a single-number composite metric that is constructed based on the following components: central glycemic tendency, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, and intra- and interday variability. Herein, we refined the Q-Score for the screening and analysis of short-term glycemic control using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) profiles. METHODS: Continuous glucose monitoring profiles were obtained from noninterventional, retrospective cross-sectional studies...

OBJECTIVE: To understand the awareness and practice of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) or nephropathy screening among community-based patients with type 2 diabetes in six provinces and cities in China, and to analyse the related factors affecting screening practices. METHODS: From December 2021 to March 2022, a cross-sectional survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire in 6230 patients with type 2 diabetes aged 18 years and older. The content of the questionnaire includes three parts: the general situation of diabetic patients (gender, age, ethnicity, marriage, education, occupation, etc...

AIMS: In this paper, we discuss the existing data on the burden of hypertension in the Philippines and present the status of management, prevention, and control of hypertension in the country. METHODS: A literature review was conducted to synthesize the status of hypertension care in the Philippines. RESULTS: Hypertension continues to contribute to the country's leading causes of death. Similar to the global trend, almost half of hypertensive Filipinos are still not aware of their condition, and only 27 % have it under control...

BACKGROUND: In the United States, costs of antidiabetes medications exceed $327 billion. PURPOSE: To systematically review cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) of newer antidiabetes medications for type 2 diabetes. DATA SOURCES: Bibliographic databases from 1 January 2010 through 13 July 2023, limited to English. STUDY SELECTION: Nonindustry-funded CEAs, done from a U.S. perspective that estimated cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained for newer antidiabetic medications...

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) poses a significant threat to public health, and the anticipated surge of over 100% in the age-standardized prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Iran between 2021 and 2050 underscores the pressing need for focused attention. The rationale for estimating the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Iran becomes even more compelling when considering the potential cascading effects on the healthcare system, quality of life, and economic burden. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and trends of DM from 1996 to 2023 in the Islamic Republic of Iran...

AIM: To determine the prevalence of some retinal pathologies in people over 60y and their association with demographic and ocular factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Tehran using multistage cluster sampling. After selecting subjects aged 60 and over, optometric, and ophthalmic examinations were done. For retinal examination, a 90 D lens was used and indirect ophthalmoscopy was performed after instilling tropicamide drops. Biometry was done using the IOL Master for all participants...

Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP-3), is an intracellular sensor that is involved in inflammasome activation, and the aberrant expression of NLRP3 is responsible for diabetes mellitus, its complications, and many other inflammatory diseases. NLRP3 is considered a promising drug target for novel drug design. Here, a pharmacophore model was generated from the most potent inhibitor, and its validation was performed by the Gunner-Henry scoring method. The validated pharmacophore was used to screen selected compounds databases...

BACKGROUND: Fasting glucose (FG) demonstrates dynamic fluctuations over time and is associated with cardiovascular outcomes, yet current research is limited by small sample sizes and relies solely on baseline glycemic levels. Our research aims to investigate the longitudinal association between FG and silent myocardial infarction (SMI) and also delves into the nuanced aspect of dose response in a large pooled dataset of four cohort studies. METHODS: We analyzed data from 24,732 individuals from four prospective cohort studies who were free of myocardial infarction history at baseline...

BACKGROUND: Undiagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global problem. Current strategies for diagnosis in Sweden include screening individuals within primary healthcare who are of high risk, such as those with hypertension, obesity, prediabetes, family history of diabetes, or those who smoke daily. In this study, we aimed to estimate the proportion of individuals with undiagnosed T2D in Stockholm County and factors associated with T2D being diagnosed by healthcare. This information could improve strategies for detection...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Both maternal metabolic dysregulation, e.g., gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and maternal supply of nutrients that participate in one-carbon (1C) metabolism, e.g., folate, choline, betaine, and vitamin B12 , have been demonstrated to influence epigenetic modification such as DNA methylation, thereby exerting long-lasting impacts on growth and development of offspring. This study aimed to determine how maternal 1C nutrient intake was associated with DNA methylation and further, development of children, as well as whether maternal GDM status modified the association in a prospective cohort...

BACKGROUND: Diabetes can lead to micro and macro-angiopathies. The peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a serious and an incapacitating disease. It is still under-estimated and under-treated throughout the world, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Doppler ultrasound, and in particular ankle brachial index (ABI), can be used to detect it. The aim was to determine the prevalence of PAD to study the clinical and ultrasonographic aspects and to identify the determining factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a descriptive and analytical study over a period of 5 years, including a total of 782 diabetic patients hospitalised in the diabetology department of the CHU la Reference Nationale...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant contributor to the global burden of non-communicable disease. Early intervention may facilitate slowing down of progression of CKD; recognition of at-risk patient groups may improve detection through screening. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 960 patients attending a specialist nephrology outpatient clinic during the period 1 January 2011-31 December 2021. A significant proportion (47.8%) of patients were referred with established CKD stage G4 or G5...

The increasing frequency of total hip (THA) and knee arthroplasties (TKA) is marred by the rise in periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) and surgical site infections (SSIs), with PJIs incurring costs over $1.62 billion as of 2020 and individual case management averaging $90,000. SSIs additionally burden the U.S. healthcare economy with billions in expenses annually. PJI prevalence in primary THA and TKA ranges from 0.5% to 2.4%, spiking to 20% in revisions and representing 25% of TKA revision causes. Projections estimate up to 270,000 annual PJI cases by 2030...