keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532269/re-emergent-tremor-in-parkinson-s-disease-evidence-of-pathologic-%C3%AE-and-prokinetic-%C3%AE-activity
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hao Ding, Bahman Nasseroleslami, Daniela Mirzac, Ioannis Ugo Isaias, Jens Volkmann, Günther Deuschl, Sergiu Groppa, Muthuraman Muthuraman
BACKGROUND: Re-emergent tremor is characterized as a continuation of resting tremor and is often highly therapy refractory. This study examines variations in brain activity and oscillatory responses between resting and re-emergent tremors in Parkinson's disease. METHODS: Forty patients with Parkinson's disease (25 males, mean age, 66.78 ± 5.03 years) and 40 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included in the study. Electroencephalogram and electromyography signals were simultaneously recorded during resting and re-emergent tremors in levodopa on and off states for patients and mimicked by healthy controls...
March 26, 2024: Movement Disorders: Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502328/a-revision-of-the-dorsal-origin-of-the-frontal-aslant-tract-fat-in-the-superior-frontal-gyrus-a-dwi-tractographic-study
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marco Tagliaferri, Gabriele Amorosino, Linda Voltolini, Davide Giampiccolo, Paolo Avesani, Luigi Cattaneo
The frontal aslant tract (FAT) is a white matter tract connecting the superior frontal gyrus (SFG) to the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). Its dorsal origin is identified in humans in the medial wall of the SFG, in the supplementary motor complex (SM-complex). However, empirical observation shows that many FAT fibres appear to originate from the dorsal, rather than medial, portion of the SFG. We quantitatively investigated the actual origin of FAT fibres in the SFG, specifically discriminating between terminations in the medial wall and in the convexity of the SFG...
March 19, 2024: Brain Structure & Function
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38382136/distinct-patterns-of-metabolic-motor-cortex-activity-for-phantom-and-residual-limb-pain-in-people-with-amputations-a-functional-near-infrared-spectroscopy-study
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marcel Simis, Lucas Murrins Marques, Sara Pinto Barbosa, André Tadeu Sugawara, João Ricardo Sato, Kevin Pacheco-Barrios, Linamara Rizzo Battistella, Felipe Fregni
BACKGROUND: Phantom pain limb (PLP) has gained more attention due to the large number of people with amputations around the world and growing knowledge of the pain process, although its mechanisms are not completely understood. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to understand, in patients with amputations, the association between PLP and residual limb pain (RLP), and the brain metabolic response in cortical motor circuits, using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)...
February 20, 2024: Clinical Neurophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38365267/anatomo-functional-basis-of-emotional-and-motor-resonance-elicited-by-facial-expressions
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Del Vecchio, Pietro Avanzini, Marzio Gerbella, Sara Costa, Flavia Maria Zauli, Piergiorgio d'Orio, Elena Focacci, Ivana Sartori, Fausto Caruana
Simulation theories predict that the observation of other's expressions modulates neural activity in the same centers controlling their production. This hypothesis has been developed by two models, postulating that the visual input is directly projected either to the motor system for action recognition (motor resonance) or to emotional/interoceptive regions for emotional contagion and social synchronization (emotional resonance). Here we investigated the role of frontal/insular regions in the processing of observed emotional expressions by combining intracranial recording, electrical stimulation and effective connectivity...
February 14, 2024: Brain
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38358538/premotor-projections-from-the-locus-coeruleus-and-periaqueductal-grey-are-altered-in-two-rat-models-with-inborn-differences-in-emotional-behavior
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elizabeth A Shupe, Ilan A Kerman, Sarah M Clinton
Emotionally motivated behaviors rely on the coordinated activity of descending neural circuits involved in motor and autonomic functions. Using a pseudorabies (PRV) tract-tracing approach in typically behaving rats, our group previously identified descending premotor, presympathetic, and dual-labeled premotor-presympathetic populations throughout the central rostral-caudal axis. The premotor-presympathetic populations are thought to integrate somatomotor and sympathetic activity. To determine whether these circuits are dysregulated in subjects with altered emotional regulation, subsequent neuroanatomical analyses were performed in male subjects of two distinct genetic models relevant to clinical depression and anxiety: the Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rat and selectively bred Low Novelty Responder (bLR) rat...
February 15, 2024: Experimental Brain Research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation Cérébrale
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38328255/motor-neurons-are-dispensable-for-the-assembly-of-a-sensorimotor-circuit-for-gaze-stabilization
#6
Dena Goldblatt, Başak Rosti, Kyla R Hamling, Paige Leary, Harsh Panchal, Marlyn Li, Hannah Gelnaw, Stephanie Huang, Cheryl Quainoo, David Schoppik
Sensorimotor reflex circuits engage distinct neuronal subtypes, defined by precise connectivity, to transform sensation into compensatory behavior. Whether and how motor neuron populations specify the subtype fate and/or sensory connectivity of their pre-motor partners remains controversial. Here, we discovered that motor neurons are dispensable for proper connectivity in the vestibular reflex circuit that stabilizes gaze. We first measured activity following vestibular sensation in premotor projection neurons after constitutive loss of their extraocular motor neuron partners...
January 27, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38307023/the-synaptic-drive-of-central-pattern-generating-networks-to-leg-motor-neurons-of-a-walking-insect-is-motor-neuron-pool-specific
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Angelina Ruthe, Charalampos Mantziaris, Ansgar Büschges
Rhythmic locomotor activity, such as flying, swimming, or walking, results from an interplay between higher-order centers in the central nervous system, which initiate, maintain, and modify task-specific motor activity, downstream central pattern-generating neural circuits (CPGs) that can generate a default rhythmic motor output, and, finally, feedback from sense organs that modify basic motor activity toward functionality.1 , 2 , 3 In this context, CPGs provide phasic synaptic drive to motor neurons (MNs) and thereby support the generation of rhythmic activity for locomotion...
January 24, 2024: Current Biology: CB
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38295797/nested-neural-circuits-generate-distinct-acoustic-signals-during-drosophila-courtship
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joshua L Lillvis, Kaiyu Wang, Hiroshi M Shiozaki, Min Xu, David L Stern, Barry J Dickson
Many motor control systems generate multiple movements using a common set of muscles. How are premotor circuits able to flexibly generate diverse movement patterns? Here, we characterize the neuronal circuits that drive the distinct courtship songs of Drosophila melanogaster. Male flies vibrate their wings toward females to produce two different song modes-pulse and sine song-which signal species identity and male quality. Using cell-type-specific genetic reagents and the connectome, we provide a cellular and synaptic map of the circuits in the male ventral nerve cord that generate these songs and examine how activating or inhibiting each cell type within these circuits affects the song...
January 24, 2024: Current Biology: CB
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38291282/temporal-scaling-of-motor-cortical-dynamics-reveals-hierarchical-control-of-vocal-production
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arkarup Banerjee, Feng Chen, Shaul Druckmann, Michael A Long
Neocortical activity is thought to mediate voluntary control over vocal production, but the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. In a highly vocal rodent, the male Alston's singing mouse, we investigate neural dynamics in the orofacial motor cortex (OMC), a structure critical for vocal behavior. We first describe neural activity that is modulated by component notes (~100 ms), probably representing sensory feedback. At longer timescales, however, OMC neurons exhibit diverse and often persistent premotor firing patterns that stretch or compress with song duration (~10 s)...
January 30, 2024: Nature Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38180228/the-processing-of-proprioceptive-signals-in-distributed-networks-insights-from-insect-motor-control
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Corinna Gebehart, Ansgar Büschges
The integration of sensory information is required to maintain body posture and to generate robust yet flexible locomotion through unpredictable environments. To anticipate required adaptations in limb posture and enable compensation of sudden perturbations, an animal's nervous system assembles external (exteroception) and internal (proprioception) cues. Coherent neuronal representations of the proprioceptive context of the body and the appendages arise from the concerted action of multiple sense organs monitoring body kinetics and kinematics...
January 1, 2024: Journal of Experimental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38167617/corticomotor-control-of-lumbar-erector-spinae-in-postural-and-voluntary-tasks-the-influence-of-transcranial-magnetic-stimulation-current-direction
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Desmons Mikaël, Cherif Amira, Rohel Antoine, Carlos Lucas de Oliveira Fábio, Mercier Catherine, Massé-Alarie Hugo
Lumbar erector spinae (LES) contribute to spine postural and voluntary control. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) preferentially depolarizes different neural circuits depending on the direction of electrical currents evoked in the brain. Based on recent evidence, posteroanterior current (PA-TMS) and anteroposterior (AP-TMS) current would respectively depolarize neurons in the primary motor cortex (M1) and the premotor cortex. These regions may contribute differently to LES control. This study examined whether responses evoked by PA- and AP-TMS are different during the preparation and execution of LES voluntary and postural tasks...
January 2, 2024: ENeuro
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38142960/action-specific-feature-processing-in-the-human-cortex-an-fmri-study
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simona Monaco, Nicholas Menghi, J Douglas Crawford
Sensorimotor integration involves feedforward and reentrant processing of sensory input. Grasp-related motor activity precedes and is thought to influence visual object processing. Yet, while the importance of reentrant feedback is well established in perception, the top-down modulations for action and the neural circuits involved in this process have received less attention. Do action-specific intentions influence the processing of visual information in the human cortex? Using a cue-separation fMRI paradigm, we found that action-specific instruction processing (manual alignment vs...
December 23, 2023: Neuropsychologia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38116612/a-neural-circuit-for-vocal-production-responds-to-viscerosensory-input-in-the-songbird
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica E Burke, Ammon D Perkes, Alexandra E Perlegos, Marc F Schmidt
Motor performance is monitored continuously by specialized brain circuits and used adaptively to modify behavior on a moment-to-moment basis and over longer time periods. During vocal behaviors, such as singing in songbirds, internal evaluation of motor performance relies on sensory input from the auditory and vocal-respiratory systems. Sensory input from the auditory system to the motor system, often referred to as auditory feedback, has been well-studied in singing zebra finches ( Taeniopygia guttata ), but little is known about how and where non-auditory sensory feedback is evaluated...
December 20, 2023: Journal of Neurophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38096410/neuromuscular-basis-of-drosophila-larval-rolling-escape-behavior
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patricia C Cooney, Yuhan Huang, Wenze Li, Dulanjana M Perera, Richard Hormigo, Tanya Tabachnik, Isuru S Godage, Elizabeth M C Hillman, Wesley B Grueber, Aref A Zarin
When threatened by dangerous or harmful stimuli, animals engage in diverse forms of rapid escape behaviors. In Drosophila larvae, one type of escape response involves C-shaped bending and lateral rolling followed by rapid forward crawling. The sensory circuitry that promotes larval escape has been extensively characterized; however, the motor programs underlying rolling are unknown. Here, we characterize the neuromuscular basis of rolling escape behavior. We used high-speed, volumetric, Swept Confocally Aligned Planar Excitation (SCAPE) microscopy to image muscle activity during larval rolling...
December 19, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38076820/spinal-v1-inhibitory-interneuron-clades-differ-in-birthdate-projections-to-motoneurons-and-heterogeneity
#15
Andrew E Worthy, JoAnna T Anderson, Alicia R Lane, Laura Gomez-Perez, Anthony A Wang, Ronald W Griffith, Andre F Rivard, Jay B Bikoff, Francisco J Alvarez
UNLABELLED: Spinal cord interneurons play a crucial role in shaping motor output, but their precise identity and circuit connectivity remain unclear. Focusing on the cardinal class of inhibitory V1 interneurons, we define the diversity of four major V1 subsets according to timing of neurogenesis, genetic lineage-tracing, synaptic output to motoneurons, and synaptic inputs from muscle afferents. Birthdating delineates two early-born (Renshaw and Pou6f2) and two late-born V1 clades (Foxp2 and Sp8) suggesting sequential neurogenesis gives rise to different V1 clades...
December 1, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38048980/beyond-neuromuscular-activity-botulinum-toxin-type-a-exerts-direct-central-action-on-spinal-control-of-movement
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Petra Šoštarić, Magdalena Matić, Dalia Nemanić, Željka Lučev Vasić, Mario Cifrek, Marco Pirazzini, Ivica Matak
Overt muscle activity and impaired spinal locomotor control hampering coordinated movement is a hallmark of spasticity and movement disorders like dystonia. While botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) standard therapy alleviates mentioned symptoms presumably due to its peripheral neuromuscular actions alone, the aim of present study was to examine for the first time the toxin's trans-synaptic activity within central circuits that govern the skilled movement. The rat hindlimb motor pools were targeted by BoNT-A intrasciatic bilateral injection (2 U per nerve), while its trans-synaptic action on premotor inputs was blocked by intrathecal BoNT-A-neutralising antitoxin (5 i...
December 2, 2023: European Journal of Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37842009/sex-differences-in-vocal-learning-ability-in-songbirds-are-linked-with-differences-in-flexible-rhythm-pattern-perception
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrew A Rouse, Aniruddh D Patel, Samantha Wainapel, Mimi H Kao
Humans readily recognize familiar rhythmic patterns, such as isochrony (equal timing between events) across a wide range of rates. This reflects a facility with perceiving the relative timing of events, not just absolute interval durations. Several lines of evidence suggest this ability is supported by precise temporal predictions arising from forebrain auditory-motor interactions. We have shown previously that male zebra finches, Taeniopygia guttata , which possess specialized auditory-motor networks and communicate with rhythmically patterned sequences, share our ability to flexibly recognize isochrony across rates...
September 2023: Animal Behaviour
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37734361/the-basal-ganglia-are-a-target-for-sensorimotor-domains-in-posterior-parietal-premotor-and-motor-cortex-in-primates
#18
REVIEW
Jon Kaas, Iwona Stepniewska
Our research focused on defining and characterizing parieto-frontal circuits for specific actions in primates. Part of the posterior parietal cortex is divided into eight or more domains where electrical stimulation evokes a meaningful complex movement. Domains in the posterior parietal cortex compete with each other over excitatory connections that activate inhibitory neurons, while selectively activating functionally matched domains in the premotor cortex and motor cortex. Thus, the selection process involves competition and cooperation between domains over three different regions of cortex...
September 19, 2023: Current Opinion in Neurobiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37733772/inhibitory-feedback-from-the-motor-circuit-gates-mechanosensory-processing-in-caenorhabditis-elegans
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sandeep Kumar, Anuj K Sharma, Andrew Tran, Mochi Liu, Andrew M Leifer
Animals must integrate sensory cues with their current behavioral context to generate a suitable response. How this integration occurs is poorly understood. Previously, we developed high-throughput methods to probe neural activity in populations of Caenorhabditis elegans and discovered that the animal's mechanosensory processing is rapidly modulated by the animal's locomotion. Specifically, we found that when the worm turns it suppresses its mechanosensory-evoked reversal response. Here, we report that C. elegans use inhibitory feedback from turning-associated neurons to provide this rapid modulation of mechanosensory processing...
September 21, 2023: PLoS Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37666012/design-of-mechanosensory-feedback-during-undulatory-locomotion-to-enhance-speed-and-stability
#20
REVIEW
Claire Wyart, Martin Carbo-Tano
Undulatory locomotion relies on the propagation of a wave of excitation in the spinal cord leading to consequential activation of segmental skeletal muscles along the body. Although this process relies on self-generated oscillations of motor circuits in the spinal cord, mechanosensory feedback is crucial to entrain the underlying oscillatory activity and thereby, to enhance movement power and speed. This effect is achieved through directional projections of mechanosensory neurons either sensing stretching or compression of the trunk along the rostrocaudal axis...
September 2, 2023: Current Opinion in Neurobiology
keyword
keyword
91212
1
2
Fetch more papers »
Fetching more papers... Fetching...
Remove bar
Read by QxMD icon Read
×

Save your favorite articles in one place with a free QxMD account.

×

Search Tips

Use Boolean operators: AND/OR

diabetic AND foot
diabetes OR diabetic

Exclude a word using the 'minus' sign

Virchow -triad

Use Parentheses

water AND (cup OR glass)

Add an asterisk (*) at end of a word to include word stems

Neuro* will search for Neurology, Neuroscientist, Neurological, and so on

Use quotes to search for an exact phrase

"primary prevention of cancer"
(heart or cardiac or cardio*) AND arrest -"American Heart Association"

We want to hear from doctors like you!

Take a second to answer a survey question.