tympanic

Blast overpressure causes dynamic damage to middle ear components, and tympanic membrane (TM) rupture is the most frequent middle ear injury. However, it is unclear how the blast waves change mechanical properties of the TM and affect sound transmission through the ear. This paper reports the current study on dynamic properties of the TM after exposure to blast waves by using acoustic loading and laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV). The TM specimens were prepared from human temporal bones following exposures to blast overpressure...

The mode of the introduction of the active electrode of a cochlear implant into the cochlea remains a key issue as far as cochlear implantation is concerned. Especially much attention has recently been given to the relationship between the anatomical features of the basal region of the cochlea (the so-called 'fish hook') and the possibility to approach it. We have undertaken the attempt to optimize the approach to the tympanic canal (scala tympanica) of the cochlea with a view to reducing to a minimum the risk of an injury to the cochlear structures in the course of cochlear implantation...

PURPOSE: Although perioperative hypothermia may increase maternal morbidity, active warming is infrequently performed to maintain normothermia during Cesarean delivery (CD). The aim of this prospective observational study was to determine the factors associated with maternal hypothermia in this setting. METHODS: Women scheduled for elective or emergency CD were consecutively included in this study from November 2014 to October 2015. Maternal temperature was measured using an infrared tympanic thermometer on the patient's arrival in the operating room, at skin incision, and at the end of skin suture...

We investigated the efficacy of a forced-air warming (FAW) system on postoperative rewarming and comfort in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. In this randomized controlled trial, a total of 127 participants were randomly divided into the FAW group ( n = 64) and control group ( n = 63). The esophageal temperature was measured every 30 min during surgery, and the tympanic temperature and comfort levels were measured preoperatively and in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). Data analysis used the generalized estimating equation...

A modified lateral temporal bone resection (mLTBR) is a unique technique that spares the tympanic membrane (TM) and ossicles in select patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCCa). The records of 5 patients with SCCa of the temporal bone with negative frozen-section biopsy at the tympanic annulus were reviewed. The mean follow-up time for the patients was 29.2 months. One patient received postoperative radiation due to cervical nodal extracapsular spread. All patients were recurrence free as of the most recent follow-up (range, 8-50 months)...

Objective To evaluate the safety and tolerability of repeated intratympanic administration of the gel-formulated NMDA receptor antagonist AM-101 in acute patients with inner ear tinnitus. Study Design Prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Setting Sixty-nine secondary and tertiary sites in North America, Europe, and Asia. Subjects and Methods In total, 343 subjects with persistent acute tinnitus after traumatic cochlear injury or otitis media were randomized to receive 3 intratympanic doses of either AM-101 0...

The use of stem cells in cell-based therapy is an emerging concept for the treatment of ear disorders. Tympanic membrane perforation (TMP) and inner ear disorders are some of the most commonly presented otologic disorders that can benefit from advances in cell-based therapy. Studies have already demonstrated that stem cell-based therapy can potentially be an effective treatment modality for acute and chronic TMP. Recent studies have also shown promise in application of cell-based approach to treat inner ear dysfunction...

The purpose of the study was to analyze the morphological and functional outcomes in a series of 60 patients for whom Type I tympanoplasty was done using alcohol preserved nasal septal cartilage allograft through endoscopic permeatal route. The study was a prospective, interventional (surgical) study of 60 patients between October 2012 and September 2014. Patients were operated using 0°, 4 mm, 18 cm long Hopkin's rod endoscope through permeatal route. 70% ethyl alcohol preserved allogeneic nasal septal cartilage with thickness of around 0...

Cholesteatoma is a progressive destructive ear disease which can affect any age group. It has been found to be more severe in children and young adults. It erodes the surrounding bone of middle ear, mastoid and ossicles. It causes partial to total deafness, unpleasant smelling discharge, pain, tinnitus, vertigo and facial paralysis. It can even cause meningitis, brain abscess and death. The post-operative outcome of hearing, and the state of the reconstructed middle-ear cavity after concurrent and staged reconstruction of middle ear after canal wall down mastoidectomy was studied in 30 ears with middle-ear cholesteatoma...

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the effects of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) delivered via a Gelfoam patch on the regeneration of myringosclerotic traumatic tympanic membrane perforations (TMPs) lying close to the malleus. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, randomized, controlled clinical study. SETTING: A university-affiliated teaching hospital. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We prospectively analyzed, in a randomized manner, the outcomes of treatment for traumatic TMPs constituting >25% of the tympanic membrane...

BACKGROUND: This open-label study evaluated the safety and efficacy of a novel product for the removal of impacted cerumen in adult patients. METHODS: This was a prospective, single-center, single-arm, self-controlled clinical trial conducted in a community general practice setting. The novel product contains glycolic acid in an otologically-acceptable buffer containing sodium bicarbonate and glycerin and other buffering agents. The product was instilled into the ear canal prior to irrigation with warm water...

OBJECTIVE: Otitis media with effusion (OME) is a leading cause of difficulty in hearing in paediatric population. Otitis media with effusion must be detected and managed early to prevent conductive hearing loss in children. It was aimed to compare results of laser myringotomy and ventilation tube insertion, in terms of hearing improvement and recurrence of Middle ear effusion (MEE). METHODS: This randomized controlled trial was conducted from February 2012 to January 2015...

Objective To describe a novel technique for lateral graft tympanoplasty. Study Design Case series with chart review. Setting Tertiary care university hospital. Subjects and Methods Pediatric and adult patients with tympanic membrane perforations deemed unfavorable for a medial graft technique due to the perforation characteristics or myringitis. Results Between 2014 and 2016, 34 ears from 31 patients underwent a transcanal endoscopic lateral cartilage graft tympanoplasty. The mean age was 24.4 years (range, 6-71 years), and 22 patients (65%) were younger than 18 years...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study is to evaluate the ototoxicity of topical diclofenac sodium in comparison to positive and negative controls prior to the investigation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory efficacy of the agent in otic administration. METHODS: Twenty four ears of 12 guinea pigs were included in the study. Wide myringotomy was performed on all tympanic membranes under general anesthesia and auditory brainstem responses (ABR) were evaluated. The subjects were separated into four groups, two groups received diclofenac sodium at low and high doses, positive controls received gentamicin and negative controls received isotonic sodium chloride topically for 14 days and ABRs were reevaluated...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on tympanosclerosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-two male Sprague Dawley rats were separated into 4 groups as CAPE (n = 10), alcohol (n = 10), control (n = 8) and normal (n = 4) groups. All tympanic membranes except normal group were myringotomised and type 3 Streptococcus pneumoniae strains was injected into their middle ears. Myringotomies were repeated for 5 weeks. Intraperitoneal (i...

OBJECTIVE: Comparing the endoscopic and microscopic approaches in stapes surgery, and establishing the surgical approach that allows better results in terms of visualization of the middle ear structures and aids assistant's training. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-one residents from the first to the fifth year of training in Otolaryngology were enrolled in this prospective study. A questionnaire specifically designed to investigate the understanding of middle ear anatomy, the surgical steps, and a personal opinion about endoscopic stapes surgery was submitted to each resident...

The tympanic membrane (TM) integrity is of utmost integrity for the sense of hearing. Therefore, the intrinsic potential of the TM to regenerate and repair deserves complete characterization. Existing studies brought evidence on the epithelial stem niche of the TM. However, the stromal compartment was not evaluated for harbouring a distinctive stem, or progenitor, niche. We aimed doing this in transmission electron microscopy. We used TMs dissected out from 3 male Oryctolagus cuniculus rabbits. Evidence of stromal quiescent stem cells with was gathered...

Conclusion. The development of a histological 3D model of the tympanic cavity visualizes the exact microanatomy of the sound conduction organ and is therefore essential for finite elements simulations and surgical training. Objectives. So far, no accurate histological 3D model of the sound conduction system existed in literature. For 3D reconstruction of the very fine structures inside and outside the auditory ossicles, a method based on histological slices allows a more differential analysis of both hard and soft tissues and could thus be superior to μCT...

AIM: CyberKnife(®) is a robotic stereotactic radiotherapy system. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and the safety of CyberKnife(®) on treating head and neck paragangliomas and to report our results. METHODS: Between March 2009 and June 2014, 12 patients with head and neck paragangliomas have been referred to our clinic: in three cases had jugular paragangliomas, five cases had carotid body paragangliomas and three cases had tympanic paragangliomas...

BACKGROUND: Patients who suffer a cardiac arrest from trauma rarely survive, even with aggressive resuscitation attempts, including an Emergency Department (ED) thoracotomy. Emergency Preservation and Resuscitation (EPR) was developed to utilize hypothermia to buy time to obtain hemostasis before irreversible organ damage occurs. Large animal studies have demonstrated that cooling to tympanic membrane temperature 10°C during exsanguination cardiac arrest can allow up to 2 hours of circulatory arrest and repair of simulated injuries with normal neurologic recovery...