keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528724/medication-adherence-framework-a-population-based-pharmacokinetic-approach-and-its-application-in-antimalarial-treatment-assessments
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junjie Ding, Richard M Hoglund, Joel Tarning
We reported here on the development of a pharmacometric framework to assess patient adherence, by using two population-based approaches - the percentile and the Bayesian method. Three different dosing strategies were investigated in patients prescribed a total of three doses; (1) non-observed therapy, (2) directly observed administration of the first dose, and (3) directly observed administration of the first two doses. The percentile approach used population-based simulations to derive optimal concentration percentile cutoff values from the distribution of simulated drug concentrations at a specific time...
March 25, 2024: CPT: Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525609/optical-coherence-tomography-based-functional-stenosis-assessment-fusion-a-prospective-multicenter-trial
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Allen Jeremias, Akiko Maehara, Mitsuaki Matsumura, Richard A Shlofmitz, Aziz Maksoud, Takashi Akasaka, Hiram G Bezerra, William F Fearon, Habib Samady, Bruce Samuels, Joshua Rapkin, Ajay Gopinath, Nutte Tarn Teraphongphom, Jana Buccola, Ziad A Ali
BACKGROUND: Intravascular imaging and intracoronary physiology may both be used to guide and optimize percutaneous coronary intervention; however, they are rarely used together. The virtual flow reserve (VFR) is an optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based model of fractional flow reserve (FFR) facilitating the assessment of the physiological significance of coronary lesions. We aimed to validate the VFR assessment of intermediate coronary artery stenoses. METHODS: FUSION (Validation of OCT-Based Functional Diagnosis of Coronary Stenosis) was a multicenter, prospective, observational study comparing OCT-derived VFR to invasive FFR...
March 25, 2024: Circulation. Cardiovascular Interventions
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505372/investigating-length-of-stay-patterns-and-its-predictors-in-the-south-wales-trauma-network
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zihao Wang, Bahman Rostami-Tabar, Jane Haider, Mohamed Naim, Javvad Haider
BACKGROUND: Length of stay (LOS) is frequently employed as a performance metric for trauma care. Following the establishment of the trauma network worldwide, the assessment and prediction of LOS in different levels of trauma centres have been extensively studied. However, assessing the total patient length of stay from a whole trauma network perspective is unclear. The objective of this study was to systematically analyse the overall Length of Stay (LOS) pattern within the SWTN before its establishment and in the immediate time after its foundation and, secondly, to assess the association between relevant impact factors and LOS...
2024: Adv Rehabil Sci Pract
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491444/trends-in-pre-hospital-volume-resuscitation-of-blunt-trauma-patients-a-15-year-analysis-of-the-british-tarn-and-german-traumaregister-dgu%C3%A2-national-registries
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M F Bath, J Schloer, J Strobel, W Rea, R Lefering, M Maegele, H De'Ath, Z B Perkins
INTRODUCTION: Fluid resuscitation has long been a cornerstone of pre-hospital trauma care, yet its optimal approach remains undetermined. Although a liberal approach to fluid resuscitation has been linked with increased complications, the potential survival benefits of a restrictive approach in blunt trauma patients have not been definitively established. Consequently, equipoise persists regarding the optimal fluid resuscitation strategy in this population. METHODS: We analysed data from the two largest European trauma registries, the UK Trauma Audit and Research Network (TARN) and the German TraumaRegister DGU® (TR-DGU), between 2004 and 2018...
March 15, 2024: Critical Care: the Official Journal of the Critical Care Forum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490052/an-evaluation-of-the-management-of-severe-open-tibial-fractures-in-the-united-kingdom-s-major-trauma-centres
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elizabeth Wilson, Katie Young, Richard Kwasnicki, Shehan Hettiaratchy
AIM: To evaluate the management of patients with severe open tibial fractures at major trauma centres (MTCs) in the UK with respect to BOAST 4 guidelines. METHODS: Data collected by the Trauma and Audit Research Network (TARN) for all severe open tibial fractures treated at the 23 adult MTCs were evaluated. Key performance indicators (KPIs) included MTC admission under orthoplastics, administration of antibiotics within three hours of injury, initial debridement within 24 h and definitive fixation and soft tissue coverage within 72 h...
March 2, 2024: Injury
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489268/ddx3-regulates-cancer-immune-surveillance-via-3-utr-mediated-cell-surface-expression-of-pd-l1
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hung-Hsi Chen, Hsin-I Yu, Jason Jie-Sheng Chang, Chia-Wei Li, Muh-Hwa Yang, Mien-Chie Hung, Woan-Yuh Tarn
Programmed death-1 (PD-1)/PD ligand-1 (PD-L1)-mediated immune escape contributes to cancer development and has been targeted as an anti-cancer strategy. Here, we show that inhibition of the RNA helicase DDX3 increased CD8+ T cell infiltration in syngeneic oral squamous cell carcinoma tumors. DDX3 knockdown compromised interferon-γ-induced PD-L1 expression and, in particular, reduced the level of cell-surface PD-L1. DDX3 promoted surface PD-L1 expression by recruiting the adaptor protein 2 (AP2) complex to the 3' UTR of PD-L1 mRNA...
March 13, 2024: Cell Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485469/attitudes-on-participation-in-clinical-drug-trials-a-nationally-representative-survey-of-older-adults-with-multimorbidity
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Janice B Schwartz, Ruey-Ying Liu, John Boscardin, Qi Liu, S W Johnny Lau, Sadhna Khatri, Derjung Tarn
BACKGROUND: Older adults with multimorbidity are under-represented in clinical drug trials. Their inclusion will not increase unless they are willing and able to participate. Data on motivators and barriers to participation in trials of new medications of older adults with multimorbidity are needed. METHODS: Cross-sectional internet and telephone survey of a nationally representative sample of adults ≥65 years with ≥3 chronic conditions (NORC University of Chicago Amerispeak Panel) conducted from March-April, 2023 to determine motivators and barriers to drug trial participation, described graphically and using statistics...
March 14, 2024: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38470301/mental-health-at-work-societal-economic-and-health-imperatives-align-it-s-time-to-act
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Darren Minshall, Derek K Tracy, Mark Tarn, Neil Greenberg
The enormous impact of mental illness on work and productivity is a global challenge, with immense costs to wider society. Now is the time for action, with new international guidelines and an emergent consensus on occupational mental healthcare. Alongside governments, organisations and employers, psychiatrists have a leading role to play.
April 2024: British Journal of Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38437852/identification-of-distinct-subgroups-of-sj%C3%A3-gren-s-disease-by-cluster-analysis-based-on-clinical-and-biological-manifestations-data-from-the-cross-sectional-paris-saclay-and-the-prospective-assess-cohorts
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yann Nguyen, Gaëtane Nocturne, Julien Henry, Wan-Fai Ng, Rakiba Belkhir, Frédéric Desmoulins, Elisabeth Bergé, Jacques Morel, Aleth Perdriger, Emmanuelle Dernis, Valérie Devauchelle-Pensec, Damien Sène, Philippe Dieudé, Marion Couderc, Anne-Laure Fauchais, Claire Larroche, Olivier Vittecoq, Carine Salliot, Eric Hachulla, Véronique Le Guern, Jacques-Eric Gottenberg, Xavier Mariette, Raphaèle Seror
BACKGROUND: Sjögren's disease is a heterogenous autoimmune disease with a wide range of symptoms-including dryness, fatigue, and pain-in addition to systemic manifestations and an increased risk of lymphoma. We aimed to identify distinct subgroups of the disease, using cluster analysis based on subjective symptoms and clinical and biological manifestations, and to compare the prognoses of patients in these subgroups. METHODS: This study included patients with Sjögren's disease from two independent cohorts in France: the cross-sectional Paris-Saclay cohort and the prospective Assessment of Systemic Signs and Evolution of Sjögren's Syndrome (ASSESS) cohort...
March 1, 2024: Lancet Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38422789/fate-of-planktothrix-derived-toxins-in-aquatic-food-webs-a-case-study-in-lake-mindelsee-germany
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eva Riehle, Daniel G Beach, Selina Multrus, Tarn Preet Parmar, Dominik Martin-Creuzburg, Daniel R Dietrich
Blooms of the red, filamentous cyanobacterium Planktothrix rubescens occur frequently in pre-alpine lakes in Europe, often with concomitant toxic microcystin (MC) production. Trophic transfer of MCs has been observed in bivalves, fish, and zooplankton species, while uptake of MCs into Diptera species could facilitate distribution of MCs into terrestrial food webs and habitats. In this study, we characterized a Planktothrix bloom in summer 2019 in Lake Mindelsee and tracked possible trophic transfer and/or bioaccumulation of MCs via analysis of phytoplankton, zooplankton (Daphnia) and emergent aquatic insects (Chaoborus, Chironomidae and Trichoptera)...
February 28, 2024: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38410820/phenotypic-spectrum-in-a-family-with-a-novel-rac2-p-i21s-dominant-activating-mutation
#11
Louisa Ashby, Lydia Chan, Christine Winterbourn, See-Tarn Woon, Paula Keating, Raoul Heller, Rohan Ameratunga, Ignatius Chua, Kuang-Chih Hsiao
OBJECTIVES: Dominant-activating (DA) lesions in RAC2 have been reported in 18 individuals to date. Some have required haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for their (severe) combined immunodeficiency syndrome phenotype. We aimed to investigate clinical and cellular features of a kindred harbouring a novel variant in RAC2 p.Ile21Ser (I21S) to better understand DA lesions' phenotypic spectrum. METHODS: Clinical and immunological information was collated for seven living individuals from the same kindred with RAC2 p...
2024: Clinical & Translational Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38404006/one-carbon-metabolism-nutrients-impact-the-interplay-between-dna-methylation-and-gene-expression-in-liver-enhancing-protein-synthesis-in-atlantic-salmon
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takaya Saito, Marit Espe, Vibeke Vikeså, Christoph Bock, Tårn H Thomsen, Anne-Catrin Adam, Jorge M O Fernandes, Kaja H Skjaerven
Supplementation of one-carbon (1C) metabolism micronutrients, which include B-vitamins and methionine, is essential for the healthy growth and development of Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ). However, the recent shift towards non-fish meal diets in salmon aquaculture has led to the need for reassessments of recommended micronutrient levels. Despite the importance of 1C metabolism in growth performance and various cellular regulations, the molecular mechanisms affected by these dietary alterations are less understood...
December 2024: Epigenetics: Official Journal of the DNA Methylation Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38381759/identification-of-trans-genus-biomarkers-for-early-diagnosis-of-intestinal-schistosomiasis-and-progression-of-gut-pathology-in-a-mouse-model-using-metabolomics
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peerut Chienwichai, Phornpimon Tipthara, Joel Tarning, Yanin Limpanont, Phiraphol Chusongsang, Yupa Chusongsang, Nuttapohn Kiangkoo, Poom Adisakwattana, Onrapak Reamtong
Schistosomiasis is one of the most devastating human diseases worldwide. The disease is caused by six species of Schistosoma blood fluke; five of which cause intestinal granulomatous inflammation and bleeding. The current diagnostic method is inaccurate and delayed, hence, biomarker identification using metabolomics has been applied. However, previous studies only investigated infection caused by one Schistosoma spp., leaving a gap in the use of biomarkers for other species. No study focused on understanding the progression of intestinal disease...
February 2024: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38330740/the-autoimmune-rheumatological-presentation-of-common-variable-immunodeficiency-disorders-with-an-overview-of-genetic-testing
#14
REVIEW
Rohan Ameratunga, See-Tarn Woon, Euphemia Leung, Edward Lea, Lydia Chan, James Mehrtens, Hilary J Longhurst, Richard Steele, Klaus Lehnert, Karen Lindsay
Primary immunodeficiency Disorders (PIDS) are rare, mostly monogenetic conditions which can present to a number of specialties. Although infections predominate in most PIDs, some individuals can manifest autoimmune or inflammatory sequelae as their initial clinical presentation. Identifying patients with PIDs can be challenging, as some can present later in life. This is often seen in patients with Common Variable Immunodeficiency Disorders (CVID), where symptoms can begin in the sixth or even seventh decades of life...
January 17, 2024: Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38323801/response-to-comment-on-the-clinical-pharmacology-of-tafenoquine-in-the-radical-cure-of-plasmodium-vivax-malaria-an-individual-patient-data-meta-analysis
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
James A Watson, Robert J Commons, Joel Tarning, Julie A Simpson, Alejandro Llanos Cuentas, Marcus V G Lacerda, Justin A Green, Gavin C K W Koh, Cindy S Chu, François H Nosten, Richard N Price, Nicholas P J Day, Nicholas J White
In our recent paper on the clinical pharmacology of tafenoquine (Watson et al., 2022), we used all available individual patient pharmacometric data from the tafenoquine pre-registration clinical efficacy trials to characterise the determinants of anti-relapse efficacy in tropical vivax malaria. We concluded that the currently recommended dose of tafenoquine (300 mg in adults, average dose of 5 mg/kg) is insufficient for cure in all adults, and a 50% increase to 450 mg (7.5 mg/kg) would halve the risk of vivax recurrence by four months...
February 7, 2024: ELife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38229676/a-high-throughput-lc-ms-ms-assay-for-piperaquine-from-dried-blood-spots-improving-malaria-treatment-in-resource-limited-settings
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Blessborn, Natpapat Kaewkhao, Joel Tarning
BACKGROUND: Malaria is a parasitic disease that affects many of the poorest economies, resulting in approximately 241 million clinical episodes and 627,000 deaths annually. Piperaquine, when administered with dihydroartemisinin, is an effective drug against the disease. Drug concentration measurements taken on day 7 after treatment initiation have been shown to be a good predictor of therapeutic success with piperaquine. A simple capillary blood collection technique, where blood is dried onto filter paper, is especially suitable for drug studies in remote areas or resource-limited settings or when taking samples from children, toddlers, and infants...
January 2024: Journal of mass spectrometry and advances in the clinical lab
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38157563/peppre-promote-peptide-identification-using-accurate-and-comprehensive-precursors
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ching Tarn, Yu-Zhuo Wu, Kai-Fei Wang
Accurate and comprehensive peptide precursor ions are crucial to tandem mass-spectrometry-based peptide identification. An identification engine can derive great advantages from the search space reduction enabled by credible and detailed precursors. Furthermore, by considering multiple precursors per spectrum, both the number of identifications and the spectrum explainability can be substantially improved. Here, we introduce PepPre, which detects precursors by decomposing peaks into multiple isotope clusters using linear programming methods...
December 29, 2023: Journal of Proteome Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38145042/metabolite-profiling-of-trichinella-spiralis-adult-worms-and-muscle-larvae-identifies-their-excretory-and-secretory-products
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Naphatsamon Uthailak, Poom Adisakwattana, Peerut Chienwichai, Phornpimon Tipthara, Joel Tarning, Charin Thawornkuno, Tipparat Thiangtrongjit, Onrapak Reamtong
Human trichinellosis is a parasitic infection caused by roundworms belonging to the genus Trichinella , especially Trichinella spiralis . Early and accurate clinical diagnoses of trichinellosis are required for efficacious prognosis and treatment. Current drug therapies are limited by antiparasitic resistance, poor absorption, and an inability to kill the encapsulating muscle-stage larvae. Therefore, reliable biomarkers and drug targets for novel diagnostic approaches and anthelmintic drugs are required. In this study, metabolite profiles of T...
2023: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38129499/anthelmintic-efficacy-evaluation-and-mechanism-of-n-methylbenzo-d-oxazol-2-amine
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pattaneeya Prangthip, Jumreang Tummatorn, Poom Adisakwattana, Naphatsamon Uthailak, Usa Boonyuen, Phornpimon Tipthara, Joel Tarning, Pavitra Laohapaisan, Charnsak Thongsornkleeb, Somsak Ruchirawat, Onrapak Reamtong
Parasitic roundworms cause significant sickness and mortality in animals and humans. In livestock, these nematodes have severe economic impact and result in losses in food production on a global scale. None of the currently available drugs ideally suit all treatment circumstances, and the development of drug-resistant nematode strains has become a challenge to control the infection. There is an urgent need to develop novel anthelmintic compounds. According to our previous report, N-methylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-amine (1) showed anthelmintic activity and lowest cytotoxicity...
December 21, 2023: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38112561/covid-19-vaccine-acceptance-in-pregnant-women-in-the-united-states-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amy Patel, Jose L Puglisi, Seeta Patel, Derjung M Tarn
Purpose: Pregnant women are vulnerable to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) complications, yet may hesitate to get vaccinated. It is important to identify racial/ethnic and other individual characteristics associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in the United States during pregnancy. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for articles published through January 2023 for keywords/terms related to immunization, COVID-19, and pregnancy, and performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine characteristics associated with vaccine acceptance...
December 19, 2023: Journal of Women's Health
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