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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthew Payne, Francis Pooke, Harrison Fulton, Hamish Shaw, Tom Coulson, Dr Jennifer Knopp, Lui Holder-Pearson, Jake Campbell, J Geoffrey Chase
In this report we present a design for an open source low cost insulin pump. The pump has been designed to provide an alternative to commercially available pumps costing upwards of US$6500, making them inaccessible to many. The hardware described in this article can be produced for a materials cost of US$89.85. Compared to other devices on the market, the design presented has the obvious advantage of being low cost, but is also highly customisable as it is run using open source software. The device is housed in a case of size 85 mm x 55 mm x 25 mm making it small enough to fit in a pocket, and equivalent to other devices on the market...
October 2022: HardwareX
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Srabanti Rakshit, Vasista Adiga, Asma Ahmed, Chaitra Parthiban, Nirutha Chetan Kumar, Pratibha Dwarkanath, Sudarshan Shivalingaiah, Srishti Rao, George D'Souza, Mary Dias, Thomas J A Maguire, Katie J Doores, Martijn Zoodsma, Busranur Geckin, Prokar Dasgupta, Sudhir Babji, Krista E van Meijgaarden, Simone A Joosten, Tom H M Ottenhoff, Yang Li, Mihai G Netea, Kenneth D Stuart, Stephen C De Rosa, M Juliana McElrath, Annapurna Vyakarnam
This proof-of-concept study tested if prior BCG revaccination can qualitatively and quantitively enhance antibody and T-cell responses induced by Oxford/AstraZeneca ChAdOx1nCoV-19 or COVISHIELD™, an efficacious and the most widely distributed vaccine in India. We compared COVISHIELD™ induced longitudinal immune responses in 21 BCG re-vaccinees (BCG-RV) and 13 BCG-non-revaccinees (BCG-NRV), all of whom were BCG vaccinated at birth; latent tuberculosis negative and SARS-CoV-2 seronegative prior to COVISHIELD™ vaccination...
2022: Frontiers in Immunology
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tom Brandt, Annette Schmidt, Timo Schinköthe, Elisabeth Heinz, Yannik Klaaßen, Selina Limbara, Marian Mörsdorf
Background and Aims: Sedentary behavior and physical inactivity are associated with musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). Muscle and mobility enhancing training is recommended to promote musculoskeletal fitness and prevent MSD. A functional fitness program emphasizing the importance of musculoskeletal fitness is provided by CrossFit®. However, data from long-term CrossFit® interventions assessing measures of musculoskeletal fitness in sedentary and inactive individuals does not exist. Methods: Thi s prospective, controlled study investigates the effects of 6 months CrossFit® training (2×60 min/week) in inactive adults (in terms of <2 muscle or mobility enhancing training sessions per week) with predominantly sitting or standing occupations...
September 2022: Health Science Reports
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brian K Chung, Jonas Øgaard, Henrik Mikael Reims, Tom H Karlsen, Espen Melum
Liver fibrosis and cirrhosis have limited therapeutic options and represent a serious unmet patient need. Recent use of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) has identified enriched cell types infiltrating cirrhotic livers but without defining the microanatomical location of these lineages thoroughly. To assess whether fibrotic liver regions specifically harbor enriched cell types, we explored whether whole-tissue spatial transcriptomics combined with scRNAseq and gene deconvolution analysis could be used to localize cell types in cirrhotic explants of patients with end-stage liver disease (total n = 8; primary sclerosing cholangitis, n = 4; primary biliary cholangitis, n = 2, alcohol-related liver disease, n = 2)...
June 20, 2022: Hepatology Communications
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cherry Kilbride, Alyson Warland, Victoria Stewart, Basaam Aweid, Arul Samiyappan, Jennifer Ryan, Tom Butcher, Dimitrios A Athanasiou, Karen Baker, Guillem Singla-Buxarrais, Nana Anokye, Carole Pound, Francesca Gowing, Meriel Norris
INTRODUCTION: Upper limb (UL) rehabilitation is most effective early after stroke, with higher doses leading to improved outcomes. For the stroke survivor, the repetition may be monotonous. For clinicians, providing a clinically meaningful level of input can be challenging. As such, time spent engaged in UL activity among subacute stroke survivors remains inadequate. Opportunities for the stroke survivor to engage with UL rehabilitation in a safe, accessible and engaging way are essential to improving UL outcomes following stroke...
June 7, 2022: BMJ Open
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yong Zhou, Ke Liu, Matthew Tom Harrison, Shah Fahad, Songling Gong, Bo Zhu, Zhangyong Liu
Intensive cereal production has brought about increasingly serious environmental threats, including global warming, environmental acidification, and water shortage. As an important grain producer in the world, the rice cultivation system in central China has undergone excessive changes in the past few decades. However, few articles focused on the environmental impacts of these shifts from the perspective of ecological footprints. In this study, a 2-year field trial was carried out in Hubei province, China, to gain insight into carbon footprint (CF), nitrogen footprint (NF), and water footprint (WF) performance...
2022: Frontiers in Plant Science
#27
REVIEW
Jahan Saeed Mallick, Parvati Nair, Elizabeth Tabitha Abbew, Armand Van Deun, Tom Decroo
Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is considered to be a public health threat and is difficult to cure, requiring a lengthy treatment with potent, potentially toxic drugs. The novel antimicrobial agent bedaquiline has shown promising results for patients with DR-TB, improving the rate of culture conversion and reducing TB-related mortality. However, increasing numbers of cases with acquired bedaquiline resistance (ABR) have been reported in recent years. Methods: This systematic review aimed to assess the frequency of ABR and characteristics of patients acquiring it...
April 2022: JAC-antimicrobial resistance
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chinmay Laxmeshwar, Mrinalini Das, Taanya Mathur, Tarun Israni, Santosh Jha, Aparna Iyer, Mabel Morales, Tom Decroo, Tinne Gils, Gabriella Ferlazzo, Kleio Iakovidi, Mariana Garcia, Petros Isaakidis
BACKGROUND: People with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) are known to suffer from many mental-health disorders. This study aims to describe the proportion of patients diagnosed with psychiatric comorbidities, the different psychiatric diagnoses made, and treatment outcomes among DR-TB patients with or without psychiatric comorbidity and initiated on DR-TB treatment between January 2012 and March 2019 at Médecins Sans Frontières independent clinic in Mumbai, India. METHODS: This is a retrospective study using routinely collected clinical data...
2022: PloS One
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gizem Kurt, Nandan Kodur, Cristina Rivera Quiles, Chelsea Reynolds, Andrew Eagle, Tom Mayer, Juliette Brown, Anna Makela, Raluca Bugescu, Harim Delgado Seo, Quinn E Carroll, Derek Daniels, A J Robison, Michelle Mazei-Robison, Gina Leinninger
The lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) is essential for ingestive behavior but has primarily been studied in modulating feeding, with comparatively scant attention on drinking. This is partly because most LHA neurons simultaneously promote feeding and drinking, suggesting that ingestive behaviors track together. A notable exception are LHA neurons expressing neurotensin (LHANts neurons): activating these neurons promotes water intake but modestly restrains feeding. Here we investigated the connectivity of LHANts neurons, their necessity and sufficiency for drinking and feeding, and how timing and resource availability influence their modulation of these behaviors...
January 18, 2022: Physiology & Behavior
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dr Nick Scott, Ms Anna Palmer, Mr Tom Tidhar, Prof Mark Stoove, Dr Rachel S Sacks-Davis, A/Prof Joseph S Doyle, Dr Alisa J Pedrana, Prof Alexander Thompson, Prof David P Wilson, Prof Margaret Hellard
BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C elimination may be possible with broad uptake of direct-acting antiviral treatments (DAAs). In 2016 the Australian government committed A$1.2 billion for five years of unlimited DAAs (March 2016 to February 2021) in a risk-sharing agreement with pharmaceutical companies. We assess the impact, cost-effectiveness and net economic benefits likely to be realised from this investment. METHODS: Mathematical modelling to project outcomes for 2016-2030 included: (S1) a counter-factual scenario (testing/treatment maintained at pre-2016 levels); (S2) the current status-quo (testing/treatment as actually occurred 2016-2019, with trends maintained to 2030); and (S3) elimination scenario (S2 plus testing/treatment rates increased between 2021-2030 to achieve the WHO elimination targets)...
January 2022: The Lancet Regional Health. Western Pacific
#31
COMPARATIVE STUDY
Emma Pead, Ylenia Giarratano, Andrew J Tatham, Miguel O Bernabeu, Baljean Dhillon, Emanuele Trucco, Tom MacGillivray
The use of 2D alpha-shapes (α-shapes) to quantify morphological features of the retinal microvasculature could lead to imaging biomarkers for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). We tested our approach using the MESSIDOR dataset that consists of colour fundus photographs from 547 healthy individuals, 149 with mild diabetic retinopathy (DR), 239 with moderate DR, 199 pre-PDR and 53 PDR. The skeleton (centrelines) of the automatically segmented retinal vasculature was represented as an α-shape and the proposed parameters, complexity ([Formula: see text]), spread (OpA), global shape (VS) and presence of abnormal angiogenesis (Gradα ) were computed...
November 24, 2021: Scientific Reports
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bartlomiej J Witczak, Søren E Pischke, Anna V Reisæter, Karsten Midtvedt, Judith K Ludviksen, Kristian Heldal, Trond Jenssen, Anders Hartmann, Anders Åsberg, Tom E Mollnes
Background: The major reason for graft loss is chronic tissue damage, as interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IF/TA), where complement activation may serve as a mediator. The association of complement activation in a stable phase early after kidney transplantation with long-term outcomes is unexplored. Methods: We examined plasma terminal C5b-9 complement complex (TCC) 10 weeks posttransplant in 900 patients receiving a kidney between 2007 and 2012. Clinical outcomes were assessed after a median observation time of 9...
2021: Frontiers in Immunology
#33
REVIEW
Liam Patton, Pinar Avsar, Dr Linda Nugent, Tom O'Connor, Declan Patton, Zena Moore
PURPOSE: The aim of this systematic review was to determine the impact of specialist palliative care (SPC) consultations in outpatient settings on pain control in adults suffering from cancer. METHODS: Systematic Review. Databases CINAHL, Medline, PsychInfo, and Embase were searched in February 2021. Relevant studies were also hand-searched and gray literature was searched in February 2021. The PICO mnemonic (Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome) was used to form the review question...
December 2021: European Journal of Oncology Nursing: the Official Journal of European Oncology Nursing Society
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Colette Cunningham, Zena Moore, Tom O Connor, Declan Patton, Dr Dhani Bux, Dr Linda Nugent
AIM: The aim of this contemporary issue paper is to challenge the premise that the term "eHealth" is relatable to patient or service users only. It will be critically explored if the term can be broadened to include neonatal nurse education interventions. DESIGN: A review of current literature will form the basis for the critical discussion of the term eHealth, and why it can be associated with neonatal nurse education. METHODS: The critical discussion will identify and review past and current literature relating to eHealth and its origins...
June 2021: Journal of Neonatal Nursing: JNN
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Petra Mlcochova, Steven A Kemp, Mahesh Shanker Dhar, Guido Papa, Bo Meng, Isabella A T M Ferreira, Rawlings Datir, Dami A Collier, Anna Albecka, Sujeet Singh, Rajesh Pandey, Jonathan Brown, Jie Zhou, Niluka Goonawardane, Swapnil Mishra, Charles Whittaker, Thomas Mellan, Robin Marwal, Meena Datta, Shantanu Sengupta, Kalaiarasan Ponnusamy, Venkatraman Srinivasan Radhakrishnan, Adam Abdullahi, Oscar Charles, Partha Chattopadhyay, Priti Devi, Daniela Caputo, Tom Peacock, Chand Wattal, Neeraj Goel, Ambrish Satwik, Raju Vaishya, Meenakshi Agarwal, Antranik Mavousian, Joo Hyeon Lee, Jessica Bassi, Chiara Silacci-Fegni, Christian Saliba, Dora Pinto, Takashi Irie, Isao Yoshida, William L Hamilton, Kei Sato, Samir Bhatt, Seth Flaxman, Leo C James, Davide Corti, Luca Piccoli, Wendy S Barclay, Partha Rakshit, Anurag Agrawal, Ravindra K Gupta
The B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first identified in the state of Maharashtra in late 2020 and spread throughout India, outcompeting pre-existing lineages including B.1.617.1 (Kappa) and B.1.1.7 (Alpha)1 . In vitro, B.1.617.2 is sixfold less sensitive to serum neutralizing antibodies from recovered individuals, and eightfold less sensitive to vaccine-elicited antibodies, compared with wild-type Wuhan-1 bearing D614G. Serum neutralizing titres against B...
November 2021: Nature
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tom C-C Hu
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
June 24, 2021: Protein Journal
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
An-Katrien Hulsbosch, Hasse De Meyer, Tom Beckers, Marina Danckaerts, Dagmar Van Liefferinge, Gail Tripp, Saskia Van der Oord
OBJECTIVE: Although instrumental learning deficits are, among other deficits, assumed to contribute to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), no comprehensive systematic review of instrumental learning deficits in ADHD exists. This review examines differences between ADHD and typically developing (TD) children in basic instrumental learning and the effects of reinforcement form, magnitude, schedule, and complexity, as well as effects of medication, on instrumental learning in children with ADHD...
November 2021: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
#38
MULTICENTER STUDY
Claire Bossard, Birgit Schramm, Stephen Wanjala, Lakshmi Jain, Gisèle Mucinya, Valarie Opollo, Lubbe Wiesner, Gilles van Cutsem, Elisabeth Poulet, Elisabeth Szumilin, Tom Ellman, David Maman
BACKGROUND: Patients hospitalized with advanced HIV have a high mortality risk. We assessed viremia and drug resistance among differentiated care services and explored whether expediting the switching of failing treatments may be justified. SETTING: Hospitals in the Democratic Republic of (DRC) Congo (HIV hospital) and Kenya (general hospital including HIV care). METHODS: Viral load (VL) testing and drug resistance (DR) genotyping were conducted for HIV inpatients ≥15 years, on first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) for ≥6 months, and CD4 ≤350 cells/µL...
July 1, 2021: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes: JAIDS
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nadia Mazarakis, Jeremy Anderson, Zheng Quan Toh, Rachel A Higgins, Lien Anh Ha Do, Rodney B Luwor, Kenneth J Snibson, Tom C Karagiannis, Paul V Licciardi
The dietary isothiocyanate L-sulforaphane (LSF), derived from cruciferous vegetables, is reported to have several beneficial biological properties, including anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. However, there is limited data on how LSF modulates these effects in human immune cells. The present study was designed to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of LSF (10 µM and 50 µM) on peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) populations and cytokine secretion in healthy adult volunteers ( n = 14), in the presence or absence of bacterial (lipopolysaccharide) and viral (imiquimod) toll-like receptor (TLRs) stimulations...
February 12, 2021: Nutrients
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Frauke Degenhardt, Gabriele Mayr, Mareike Wendorff, Gabrielle Boucher, Eva Ellinghaus, David Ellinghaus, Hesham ElAbd, Elisa Rosati, Matthias Hübenthal, Simonas Juzenas, Shifteh Abedian, Homayon Vahedi, B K Thelma, Suk-Kyun Yang, Byong Duk Ye, Jae Hee Cheon, Lisa Wu Datta, Naser Ebrahim Daryani, Pierre Ellul, Motohiro Esaki, Yuta Fuyuno, Dermot P B McGovern, Talin Haritunians, Myhunghee Hong, Garima Juyal, Eun Suk Jung, Michiaki Kubo, Subra Kugathasan, Tobias L Lenz, Stephen Leslie, Reza Malekzadeh, Vandana Midha, Allan Motyer, Siew C Ng, David T Okou, Soumya Raychaudhuri, John Schembri, Stefan Schreiber, Kyuyoung Song, Ajit Sood, Atsushi Takahashi, Esther A Torres, Junji Umeno, Behrooz Z Alizadeh, Rinse K Weersma, Sunny H Wong, Keiko Yamazaki, Tom H Karlsen, John D Rioux, Steven R Brant, Andre Franke
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gut. Genetic association studies have identified the highly variable human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region as the strongest susceptibility locus for IBD and specifically DRB1*01:03 as a determining factor for ulcerative colitis (UC). However, for most of the association signal such as delineation could not be made because of tight structures of linkage disequilibrium within the HLA. The aim of this study was therefore to further characterize the HLA signal using a transethnic approach...
April 27, 2021: Human Molecular Genetics
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