Hypertension targets

BACKGROUND: Although cardiovascular mortality continued declining from 2000 to 2019, the rate of this decrease decelerated. We aimed to assess the trends and disparities in risk factor control and treatment among US adults with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease to find potential causes of the deceleration. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 55 ,021 participants, aged ≥20 years, from the 1999 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included, of which 5717 were with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease...

As a beneficial natural flavonoid, genistein has demonstrated a wide range of biological functions via regulating a number of targets and signaling pathways, such as anti-cancer, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiinflammatory, antifungal, antiviral, iron chelation, anti-obesity, anti-diabetes, and anti-hypertension. PubMed/Medline and Web of Science were searched using appropriate keywords until the end of December 2023. Despite its many potential benefits, genistein's clinical application is limited by low hydrophilicity, poor solubility, and suboptimal bioavailability due to its structure...

UNLABELLED: Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus, debuting as arterial hypertension (AH) syndrome and prediabetes, are common types of chronic non-communicable processes, that are the leading cause of death in the world. The main treatment method for above mentioned disorders, according to the current guidelines, is pharmacotherapy. However, it is possible to effectively apply non-pharmacological correction methods, aimed at the probable etiological factor and inversive mechanism involved in AH maintenance, in the early stages when no permanent changes are maintaining a high level of blood hypertension (BH) and glycemia...

BACKGROUND: The precise origin of newly formed ACTA2+ (alpha smooth muscle actin-positive) cells appearing in nonmuscularized vessels in the context of pulmonary hypertension is still debatable although it is believed that they predominantly derive from preexisting vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). METHODS: Gli1 Cre-ERT2 ; tdTomato flox mice were used to lineage trace GLI1+ (glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1-positive) cells in the context of pulmonary hypertension using 2 independent models of vascular remodeling and reverse remodeling: hypoxia and cigarette smoke exposure...

BACKGROUND: Nearly half of adults have hypertension, a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Mitochondrial hyperacetylation is linked to hypertension, but the role of acetylation of specific proteins is not clear. We hypothesized that acetylation of mitochondrial CypD (cyclophilin D) at K166 contributes to endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. METHODS: To test this hypothesis, we studied CypD acetylation in patients with essential hypertension, defined a pathogenic role of CypD acetylation in deacetylation mimetic CypD-K166R mutant mice and endothelial-specific GCN5L1 (general control of amino acid synthesis 5 like 1)-deficient mice using an Ang II (angiotensin II) model of hypertension...

Background and objective Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) constitute a significant global health challenge, causing millions of deaths annually and straining healthcare systems worldwide. This study aimed to investigate and elucidate gender-specific factors, risks, and therapeutic approaches related to cardiovascular health in women within the context of contemporary medicine. Methodology We conducted a prospective observational study spanning one year (November 2022 to October 2023) at the Peshawar Medical Complex Hospital, to meticulously explore the field of women's cardiovascular health...

Obesity presents a significant global health challenge, increasing the susceptibility to chronic conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and hypertension. Within the context of obesity, lipid metabolism, adipose tissue formation, and inflammation are intricately linked to endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). ERS modulates metabolism, insulin signaling, inflammation, as well as cell proliferation and death through the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway. Serving as a crucial nexus, ERS bridges the functionality of adipose tissue and the inflammatory response...

BACKGROUND: Anlotinib is a new type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1/2/3, platelet-derived growth factor receptors α/β, and fibroblast growth factor receptors 1-4 and c-Kit, with a broad spectrum of inhibitory effects on tumor angiogenesis and growth. It has been proven effective in HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer, but its efficacy in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is unknown. This phase 2 study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adding anlotinib to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with TNBC...

BACKGROUND: Undiagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global problem. Current strategies for diagnosis in Sweden include screening individuals within primary healthcare who are of high risk, such as those with hypertension, obesity, prediabetes, family history of diabetes, or those who smoke daily. In this study, we aimed to estimate the proportion of individuals with undiagnosed T2D in Stockholm County and factors associated with T2D being diagnosed by healthcare. This information could improve strategies for detection...

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a devastating disease that lacks effective treatment options and is characterized by severe pulmonary vascular remodeling. Pulmonary arterial endothelial cell (PAEC) dysfunction drives the initiation and pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) channels, a family of Ca2+ -permeable channels, play an important role in various diseases. However, the effect and mechanism of TRPCs on PH development have not been fully elucidated...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Saiga antelope horn (SAH) is a traditional Chinese medicine for treating hypertension with liver-yang hyperactivity syndrome (Gan-Yang-Shang-Kang, GYSK), that has a long history of clinical application and precise efficacy, but its mechanism and functional substances are still unknown. Based on the demand for alternative research on the rare and endangered SAH, the group designed and carried out the following studies. AIM OF THE STUDY: The purpose of this research was to demonstrate the functional substances and mechanisms of SAH in the treatment of GYSK hypertension...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant contributor to the global burden of non-communicable disease. Early intervention may facilitate slowing down of progression of CKD; recognition of at-risk patient groups may improve detection through screening. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 960 patients attending a specialist nephrology outpatient clinic during the period 1 January 2011-31 December 2021. A significant proportion (47.8%) of patients were referred with established CKD stage G4 or G5...

Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a pathophysiological syndrome in which pulmonary vascular pressure increases under hypoxic stimulation and there is an urgent need to develop emerging therapies for the treatment of HPH. LncRNA MIR210HG is a long non-coding RNA closely related to hypoxia and has been widely reported in a variety of tumor diseases. But its mechanism in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension is not clear. In this study, we identified for the first time the potential effect of MIR210HG on disease progression in HPH...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Visceral obesity is a risk factor for reflux esophagitis (RE). We investigated the risk of RE according to visceral adipose tissue (VAT) measured by deep neural network architecture using computed tomography and evaluated the longitudinal association between abdominal adipose tissue changes and the disease course of RE. METHODS: Individuals receiving health checkups who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and abdominal computed tomography (CT) at Seoul National University Healthcare System Gangnam Center between 2015 and 2016 were included...

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Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pathophysiological disorder that may involve multiple clinical conditions and may be associated with a variety of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease (PH-LHD) currently lacks targeted therapies, while Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), despite approved treatments, carries considerable residual risk. Metabolic dysfunction has been linked to the pathogenesis and prognosis of PH through various studies, with emerging metabolic agents offering a potential avenue for improving patient outcomes...

Management of hypertension is challenging in multi-cultural and multi-ethnic sub-Saharan African countries like Nigeria. This diversity calls for multi-dimensional interventional approaches for hypertension control. This study assessed the treatment seeking behaviour and associated factors among adults with high blood pressure from three ethnic groups in Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 762 adults with high blood pressure from three purposively selected States representing the three main tribes in Nigeria...

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease and affects approximately 40% of diabetic individuals. Cases of DKD continue to rise globally as the prevalence of diabetes mellitus increases, with an estimated 415 million people living with diabetes in 2015 and a projected 642 million by 2040. DKD is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, representing 34% and 36% of all chronic kidney disease deaths in men and women, respectively. Common co-morbidities including hypertension and ageing-related nephron loss further complicate disease diagnosis and progression...

BACKGROUND: Hypotensive susceptibility in hypertensive patients could facilitate orthostatic hypotension, syncope and fall. The aim of this study was to identify incidence, clinical form, complications and risk factors for non-cardiac syncope in a cohort of hypertensive patients. METHODS: This is an observational, case-controlled, retrospective study carried out on 168 patients, evaluated at the Hypertension Center of the University Hospital of Parma (Italy). Based on the presence of episodes of syncope during the six months prior to enrolment, we identified cases and controls and then we compared them to personal data, comorbidities, current drug regimens, presence of orthostatic hypotension, office and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) blood pressure (BP) values...

BACKGROUND: ANG (angiotensin II) elicits dipsogenic and pressor responses via activation of the canonical Gαq (G-protein component of the AT1 R [angiotensin type 1 receptor])-mediated AT1 R in the subfornical organ. Recently, we demonstrated that ARRB2 (β-arrestin 2) global knockout mice exhibit a higher preference for salt and exacerbated pressor response to deoxycorticosterone acetate salt. However, whether ARRB2 within selective neuroanatomical nuclei alters physiological responses to ANG is unknown...