Ultrasound muscle

PURPOSE: Shear-wave elastography (SWE) provides quantitative and absolute metrics for analyzing the elasticity of soft tissues. Despite the anterior scalene muscle (AS) is a key structure in patients with neck pain and nerve compressive syndromes, the majority of SWE studies only included asymptomatic subjects. This study aimed to analyze the Young's modulus and shear wave speed test-retest reliability in a sample of patients with neck pain symptoms to characterize the AS stiffness. METHODS: A diagnostic accuracy study acquiring a set of ultrasound images at C7 level in 42 patients with mechanical neck pain by one experienced examiner...

This chapter discusses comprehensive neurophysiological biomarkers utilised in motor neuron disease (MND) and, in particular, its commonest form, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). These encompass the conventional techniques including nerve conduction studies (NCS), needle and high-density surface electromyography (EMG) and H-reflex studies as well as novel techniques. In the last two decades, new methods of assessing the loss of motor units in a muscle have been developed, that are more convenient than earlier methods of motor unit number estimation (MUNE),and may use either electrical stimulation (e...

OBJECTIVES: Some young individuals participating in sports activities may encounter lower leg muscle pain and tightness, potentially indicating chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS). While muscle pressure measurement is typically recommended for diagnosis, it is invasive and associated with low sensitivity and specificity. Thus, there is a need for novel diagnostic approaches. METHODS: This feasibility study aims to assess whether an ultrasound-guided technique can effectively measure the compressibility of the anterior tibial muscle compartment, focusing on optimal leg positioning and identifying reliable external and internal anatomical landmarks...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: There are limited data on the comparison of body compositions between diabetic and non-diabetic patients. We aimed to compare the muscle mass and fat parameters measured by ultrasonography (USG) and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) between older palliative care patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS: We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional study. We recorded the demographics, comorbidities, blood pressures, microvascular complications, pressure injuries, ambulation and nutritional status, and laboratory parameters...

Emerging evidence indicates the presence of vascular abnormalities and ischemia in biliary atresia (BA), although specific mechanisms remain undefined. This study examined both human and experimental BA. Structural and hemodynamic features of hepatic arteries were investigated by Doppler ultrasound, indocyanine green angiography, microscopic histology, and invasive arterial pressure measurement. Opal multiplex immunohistochemistry, western blot, and RT-PCR were applied to assess Notch3 expression and the phenotype of hepatic arterial smooth muscle cells (HASMCs)...

Tendon properties impact human locomotion, influencing sports performance, and injury prevention. Hamstrings play a crucial role in sprinting, particularly the biceps femoris long head (BFlh), which is prone to frequent injuries. It remains uncertain if BFlh exhibits distinct mechanical properties compared to other hamstring muscles. This study utilized free-hand three-dimensional ultrasound to assess morphological and mechanical properties of distal hamstrings tendons in 15 men. Scans were taken in prone position, with hip and knee extended, at rest and during 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction of the knee flexors...

Paraspinal muscle atrophy is gaining attention in spine surgery due to its link to back pain, spinal degeneration and worse postoperative outcomes. Electrical impedance myography (EIM) is a noninvasive diagnostic tool for muscle quality assessment, primarily utilized for patients with neuromuscular diseases. However, EIM's accuracy for paraspinal muscle assessment remains understudied. In this study, we investigated the correlation between EIM readings and MRI-derived muscle parameters, as well as the influence of dermal and subcutaneous parameters on these readings...

AIM: to investigate the effects of the whole body vibration (WBV) and inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on the inflammatory profile and in muscle mass and strength in pre-frail older women. METHODS: this study was a randomized double-blind trial. Forty two older women aged 60-80 years were randomly allocated to IMT + WBV (G1), IMTsham + WBV (G2) or Sham groups (G3). During 12 weeks G1 received both trainings, whereas G2 received WBV alone and G3 received IMT with a low fixed load and were positioned at the vibratory platform without therapeutic effect...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of percutaneous puncture guided by a 5th generation mobile communication technology (5G)-based telerobotic ultrasound system in phantom and animal experiments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the phantom experiment, 10 simulated lesions were punctured, once at each of two angles for each lesion, under the guidance of a telerobotic ultrasound system and ultrasound-guided freehand puncture. Student's t test was used to compare the two methods in terms of puncture accuracy, total operation duration, and puncture duration...

Body composition assessment plays a pivotal role in understanding health, disease risk, and treatment efficacy. This narrative review explores two primary aspects: imaging techniques, namely ultrasound (US) and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and mobile health apps in telehealth for body composition. Although US is valuable for assessing subcutaneous fat and muscle thickness, DXA accurately quantifies bone mineral content, fat mass, and lean mass. Despite their effectiveness, accessibility and cost remain barriers to widespread adoption...

Extradural meningiomas are rare in the cervical region. A total of 70-77% of reported cases have occurred in the thoracic region. Tumors that occur in the cervical region may invade the adjacent nerve root and brachial plexus. Typically, diagnoses of extradural meningioma are made after patients present with signs of myelopathy, such as progressive paresis and numbness. In the current study, a 64-year-old male patient presented with neck pain, numbness and mild weakness in the left hand over a 6-month period...

BACKGROUND: Dermatomyositis is an inflammatory myopathies causing proximal muscle weakness accompanied by muscular inflammation and skin rash. Dermatomyositis patients have a higher incidence of malignancy as compared to the general population. CASE REPORT: A 52-year-old known female patient with a toxic multi-nodular goiter presented with insidious onset of itchy erythematous rash on her neck and bilateral hands and progressive muscle weakness of 4 months' duration...

BACKGROUND: Ultrasound is increasingly used for musculoskeletal assessment in hemophilia care. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the impact of point-of-care ultrasound added to clinical assessment for diagnosis and treatment of acute musculoskeletal episodes in a heterogeneous cohort of children and adults with hemophilia and von Willebrand disease (VWD). METHODS: This prospective cross-sectional study consecutively included children and adults with hemophilia or VWD who visited the outpatient clinic with acute musculoskeletal complaints between March 2020 and May 2023...

BACKGROUND: Research findings on skeletal muscle degeneration in post-stroke sarcopenic obesity are limited. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between post-stroke sarcopenic obesity and quantitative and qualitative changes in skeletal muscles. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on patients with stroke admitted to the convalescent rehabilitation ward. For skeletal muscle assessment, an ultrasound system was used to measure quadriceps muscle thickness and echo intensity (QMT and QEI) on the paretic and non-paretic sides...

Renal fibrosis poses a significant threat to individuals suffering from chronic progressive kidney disease. Given the absence of effective medications for treating renal fibrosis, it becomes crucial to assess the extent of fibrosis in real time and explore the development of novel drugs with substantial therapeutic benefits. Due to the accumulation of renal tissue damage and the uncontrolled deposition of fibrotic matrix during the course of the disease, there is an increase in viscosity both intracellularly and extracellularly...

PURPOSE: Determining the strength and area of the swallowing muscles is important in patients with sarcopenic dysphagia. Although the normative data on the strength of the swallowing muscles have been reported, those of the area of the geniohyoid muscle are poorly investigated. We investigated the cross-sectional area of the geniohyoid muscle in Japanese subjects without dysphagia using ultrasonography to determine the normative and cut-off values. METHODS: 142 subjects without dysphagia were included...

Objectives An observational, retrospective, longitudinal, and analytical study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the erector spinae plane (ESP) block in managing pain in patients with vertebral fractures secondary to tumoral activity. This study included patients treated at the Pain Clinic who underwent ESP block. The objectives were to describe demographic characteristics, oncological diagnosis, vertebral fracture features, imaging techniques, medications used, and the level of ESP block. Additionally, pain levels were assessed using a numerical analog scale, and the consumption of opioid analgesic medications before and after the ESP block, during follow-up consultations, along with patient satisfaction...

Cotyledonoid dissecting leiomyoma (CDL) is a rare variant of uterine leiomyoma. The tumor is benign, but the appearance and growth pattern are unusual and alarming. Disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis (DPL) is another rare tumor that can mimic malignancy. The occurrence of these two tumors in a single case is even rarer and has not been found in the literature to the best of our knowledge. We report a case of CDL with DPL in a 43-year-old Nepalese woman who presented with abdominal pain and per vaginal bleeding...

AIM AND BACKGROUND: Optimal feeding strategy for critically ill patients of intensive care unit (ICU) is often a matter of debate as patients admitted to ICU are highly catabolic and reduction in muscle mass is very common. We aimed at early achievement of nutritional goals in preventing skeletal muscle breakdown and improving clinical outcomes among critically ill patients with high risk of malnutrition. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nutrition risk in the critically ill (mNUTRIC) Score was used to identify the risk of malnutrition within 24 hours of admission...

How to cite this article : Bhattacharya D, Esquinas AM, Mandal M. Parasternal Intercostal Muscle Thickness Fraction (PICTF%): Ultrasound a New Tool for Weaning Prediction? Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(4):404.