primary dysmenorrhea

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on Rho/Rho-associated coiled-coil-forming kinases (ROCK) signaling pathway of uterus tissue in rats with dysmenorrhea, so as to explore the underlying mechanism of EA treating primary dysmenorrhea (PD) and uterine smooth muscle spasm, and to observe whether there is a difference in the effect of meridian acupoints in Conception Vessel (CV) and Governer Vessel (GV). METHODS: Sixty female SD rats were randomly divided into saline, model, CV, GV, and non-acupoint groups, with 12 rats in each group...

STUDY QUESTION: Does linzagolix administered orally once daily for up to 3 months at a dose of 75 mg alone or 200 mg in combination with add-back therapy (ABT) (1.0 mg estradiol; 0.5 mg norethindrone acetate, also known as norethisterone acetate [NETA]) demonstrate better efficacy than placebo in the management of endometriosis-related dysmenorrhea and non-menstrual pelvic pain? SUMMARY ANSWER: Combining 200 mg linzagolix with ABT was found to significantly reduce dysmenorrhea and non-menstrual pelvic pain at 3 months of therapy, while a daily dose of 75 mg linzagolix yielded a significant decrease only in dysmenorrhea at 3 months...

OBJECTIVES: Dysmenorrhea is a known phenomenon and not just recently, and investigations conducted recently have shown that female adolescents are very susceptible to this condition. Our goal is to determine the prevalence of dysmenorrhea in Tunisia, its risk factors, its impact on truancy rates, and the therapeutic attitudes of girls attending high school about this illness using an epidemiological survey. METHODS: This eight-month study, which spans from October 2022 to May 2023, focuses on 160 high school girls between the ages of 13 and 21...

Endometriosis and infertility are clinically associated. The therapeutic approaches for endometriosis, whether medical or surgical, yield distinct outcomes for a woman's potential for achieving conception, whether through natural means or with the aid of assisted reproductive technology (ART). In this case report, a 29-year-old female and her 32-year-old partner, married for the last five years, sought assistance at our fertility clinic after having one failed in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle. The patient had a history of dysmenorrhea and deep dyspareunia, suggesting the presence of an ovarian cyst...

BACKGROUND: Primary dysmenorrhea (PDM) is the most common problem in menstruating women. A number of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study have revealed that the brain plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of PDM. However, these results have been inconsistent, and there is a lack of a comprehensive fMRI study to clarify the onset and long-term effects of PDM. The aim of this study was thus to investigate the onset and long-term effects of PDM in a cohort of patients with PDM...

Vitamin D reduces prostaglandin levels and inflammation, making it a promising treatment option for dysmenorrhoea. However, its effects on pain intensity in different types of dysmenorrhoea remain unclear. We examined whether vitamin D supplementation decreases pain intensity in patients with dysmenorrhoea. The Cochrane Library, Embase, Google Scholar, Medline, and Scopus databases were searched from inception to 30 December 2023. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating vitamin D supplementation effects on such patients were included...

Endometriosis is a disease characterized by the implantation of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterine cavity. Common symptoms include cyclical pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and infertility. Although endometriosis can spread to various extrauterine locations including the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and peritoneal surfaces, umbilical endometriosis is a rare manifestation of the disease. We report an intriguing clinical case of primary umbilical endometriosis in a 36-year-old female patient admitted to our department due to the notable manifestation of a painful swelling at the umbilicus, accompanied by cyclic episodes of bleeding...

Ayurveda, an ancient holistic and personalized healing system originating from the Indian subcontinent, has been gaining increasing attention as a complementary and alternative medical practice for treating various health conditions, including those related to women's reproductive well-being. This comprehensive literature review examines a wide array of experimental and clinical studies exploring the diverse facets of Ayurvedic interventions in addressing issues such as menstrual irregularities, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), infertility, and menopausal symptoms...

Robert's uterus is a rare Müllerian duct anomaly (MDA) characterized by complete asymmetric septum dividing uterine cavity into two non-communicating parts. This study offers insights into diagnosing and management of this condition in a young patient, and a systematic literature review. The review included 19 studies from 2013 to 2023. 11.4% of women reported a history of miscarriage and 5.7% primary infertility. Dysmenorrhea was the most frequent symptom (54.3%), and 14.3% of patients had a coexisting endometriosis...

It is unclear whether clinical background differs between endometriosis in adolescent patients with obstructive Müllerian anomalies and those without anomalies. The aim of the study is to identify the difference in clinical characteristics of endometriosis in patients with or without obstructive Müllerian anomalies. The study involved 12 patients aged under 24 years old who underwent primary surgery for obstructive Müllerian anomalies and 31 patients aged under 24 years old who underwent surgery for ovarian endometrioma...

PURPOSE: The surgical technique for uterine closure following cesarean section influences the healing of the cesarean scar; however, there is still no consensus on the optimal technique regarding the closure of the endometrium layer. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of closure versus non-closure of the endometrium during cesarean section on the risk to develop uterine scar defect and associated symptoms. METHODS: A randomized prospective study was conducted of women undergoing first elective cesarean section at a single tertiary medical center...

BACKGROUND: Primary dysmenorrhea is associated with poorer quality of life; however, the causal mechanism remains unclear. A vast body of literature supports the use of oral probiotics for relief from the symptoms of endometriosis; however, to our knowledge, no study has prescribed probiotics for primary dysmenorrhea. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of 3-month supplementation with oral probiotics on quality of life and inflammatory markers in women with primary dysmenorrhea...

INTRODUCTION: Dysmenorrhea is the most common cause of gynecological pain among women that has considerable impact on quality of life and psychosocial wellbeing. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and hormonal therapies are most commonly used to treat dysmenorrhea. However, given these drugs are often associated with bothersome side effects and are less effective when there is an underlying cause contributing to dysmenorrhea (e.g. endometriosis), a patient-centered approach to managing dysmenorrhea is important...

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the effect of physical activity, body mass index (BMI), and levels of prostaglandins (PGF2α) urine on the occurrence of dysmenorrhea in adolescents. METHODS: A total of 128 female students included in the study. The study was conducted from January to March 2023 using a cross-sectional design. This study utilized the Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire (MSQ) and gynecological examination with ultrasonography. The urinary prostaglandin (PGF2α) was measured using the enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA)...

Vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression in the female reproductive tract explains the regulatory role of vitamin D on inflammatory cytokine and prostaglandin (PGD) synthesis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D on adolescents' primary dysmenorrhea and the relationship between Vit. D and adolescents' primary dysmenorrhea. Eighty-five adolescents were included in the current study. After a detailed evaluation, pelvic sonography was performed for all participants to rule out any pelvic pathology. Blood samples were collected to measure thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), prolactin, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D)...

Dysmenorrhea, affecting approximately 80% of adolescents, significantly impairs quality of life, disrupts sleep patterns, and induces mood changes. Furthermore, its economic impact is substantial, accounting for an estimated $200 billion in the United States and $4.2 million in Japan annually. This review aimed to identify the effects of vitamin D and calcium on primary dysmenorrhea. We conducted a comprehensive literature search across Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct, focusing on studies published from 2010 to 2020...

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the surgical approach for Müllerian agenesis with bilateral uterine remnants containing functional endometrium. DESIGN: Stepwise demonstration of the technique with narrated video footage. SETTING: Reproductive surgery unit of a tertiary university hospital. PATIENT: An 18-year-old adolescent was admitted to a tertiary university hospital with complaints of primary amenorrhea and cyclic pelvic pain...

OBJECTIVE: Primary dysmenorrhea is a common condition that impacts quality of life significantly. Auricular therapies have shown promise for treating primary dysmenorrhea, but there is a lack of evidence specifically for auricular acupuncture (AA). This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of AA for managing primary dysmenorrhea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A randomized, double-blinded controlled trial was conducted on 90 females with primary dysmenorrhea: an AA group; n  = 45) and a sham-AA (SA) group; n  = 45...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of electrotherapy and manual therapy for the treatment of women with primary dysmenorrhea. METHODS: Systematic searches were conducted in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, CINAHL, and MEDLINE. The articles must have been published in the last 10 years, had a sample exclusively of women with primary dysmenorrhea, had a randomized controlled trial design, and used interventions that included some form of manual therapy and/or electrotherapy techniques...

Photobiomodulation (PBM) has attracted widespread attention in suppressing various pain and inflammation. Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) primarily occurs in adolescents and adult females, and the limited effectiveness and side effects of conventional treatments have highlighted the urgent need to develop and identify new adjunct therapeutic strategies. In this work, the results of pain and PGs demonstrated that 850 nm, 630 nm, and 460 nm all exhibited pain inhibition, decreased PGF2α and upregulated PGE2 , while 630 nm PBM has better effectiveness...