keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36290430/invasive-urban-mammalian-predators-distribution-and-multi-scale-habitat-selection
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kim F Miller, Deborah J Wilson, Stephen Hartley, John G Innes, Neil B Fitzgerald, Poppy Miller, Yolanda van Heezik
A barrier to successful ecological restoration of urban green spaces in many cities is invasive mammalian predators. We determined the fine- and landscape-scale habitat characteristics associated with the presence of five urban predators (black and brown rats, European hedgehogs, house mice, and brushtail possums) in three New Zealand cities, in spring and autumn, in three green space types: forest fragments, amenity parks, and residential gardens. Season contributed to variations in detections for all five taxa...
October 19, 2022: Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35908580/expression-purification-and-characterisation-of-the-recombinant-possum-lipocalin-vulpeculin
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valentina Lucarelli, Damon Colbert, Mathew Cumming, Cyril Hamiaux, Grace Loxley, Wayne Linklater, Jadranka Travas-Sejdic, Andrew Kralicek
BACKGROUND: Lipocalins are a large family of proteins, which possess a highly conserved eight-stranded antiparallel beta-barrel structure as distinctive trait. This family includes Major Urinary Proteins (MUPs) from rats and mouse, studied for their role in urinary protein-mediated chemosignalling. Vulpeculin has been identified as the most abundant protein in the urine of the common brushtail possum, Trichosurus vulpecula. On the basis of high similarity with other MUPS, we hypothesised that vulpeculin might have a role in possum chemosignalling and investigated its stability and binding ability...
November 2022: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. General Subjects
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35804526/validation-of-an-enzyme-immunoassay-to-measure-faecal-glucocorticoid-metabolites-in-common-brushtail-possums-trichosurus-vulpecula-to-evaluate-responses-to-rehabilitation
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Holly R Cope, Tamara Keeley, Joy Keong, Daniel Smith, Fabiola R O Silva, Clare McArthur, Koa N Webster, Valentina S A Mella, Catherine A Herbert
Volunteer wildlife rehabilitators rescue and rehabilitate thousands of native animals every year in Australia. However, there is little known about how exposure to novel stimuli during rehabilitation could affect the physiology of wildlife. We investigated this question in a species that commonly enters rehabilitation, the common brushtail possum ( Trichosurus vulpecula ). We evaluated five enzyme immunoassays (EIA) to determine the most suitable for measuring faecal glucocorticoid metabolites (FGM) as a proxy for evaluating the response of brushtail possums to potential stressors during rehabilitation...
June 24, 2022: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35671494/signs-of-rumpwear-in-the-common-ringtail-possum-pseudocheirus-peregrinus
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elise M Ringwaldt, Barry W Brook, Scott Carver, Jessie C Buettel
We report the physical characteristics of rumpwear in the Australian common ringtail possum, Pseudocheirus peregrinus. Rumpwear presents as varying grades of hair breakage and dermatitis on the lumbosacral region. This condition has been reported in Trichosurus spp. (brushtail possums) previously, but never in P. peregrinus. The etiology remains poorly understood.
July 1, 2022: Journal of Wildlife Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35524865/assessing-the-performance-of-brushtail-possums-trichosurus-vulpecula-on-the-mechner-counting-procedure
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katrina H Clarke, James S McEwan, Kristie E Cameron, Lewis A Bizo
This study assessed brushtail possums' performance on the Mechner counting procedure. Six brushtail possums were required to produce different Fixed-Ratio (FR) response targets by lever pressing. Their responses provided access to food reinforcement delivered either upon completing the target FR response requirement on a single lever or, in different conditions, on completing the target FR before producing an additional response on a second lever. The mean number of responses on the first lever before switching to the second lever typically occurred just above the target FR response requirement (FR: 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64)...
December 2022: Animal Cognition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35405909/targeted-mop-up-and-robust-response-tools-can-achieve-and-maintain-possum-freedom-on-the-mainland
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Briar Cook, Nick Mulgan
Unfenced sites on mainland New Zealand have long been considered impossible to defend from reinvasion by possums, and are thus unsuitable for eradication. In July 2019, we began eliminating possums from 11,642 ha (including approximately 8700 ha of suitable possum habitat) in South Westland, using alpine rivers and high alpine ranges to minimise reinvasion. Two aerial 1080 (sodium fluoroacetate) applications, each with two pre-feeds, were used. Here, we detail the effort to mop up existing possums and subsequent invaders in the 13 months following the aerial operation...
April 4, 2022: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35307478/differences-in-constitutive-innate-immunity-between-divergent-australian-marsupials
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rebecca Odewahn, Belinda R Wright, Gábor Á Czirják, Damien P Higgins
Understanding immunity in wildlife populations is important from both One Health and conservation perspectives. The constitutive innate immune system is the first line of defence against pathogens, and comparisons among taxa can test the impact of evolution and life history on immune function. We investigated serum bacterial killing ability (BKA) of five marsupial species that employ varying life history strategies, demonstrated to influence immunity in other vertebrates. The brushtail possum and eastern grey kangaroo had the greatest BKA, while ringtail possums and koalas had the least...
March 17, 2022: Developmental and Comparative Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34943241/in-vitro-hepatic-assessment-of-cineole-and-its-derivatives-in-common-brushtail-possums-trichosurus-vulpecula-and-rodents
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ravneel R Chand, Mhairi Nimick, Belinda Cridge, Rhonda J Rosengren
Folivore marsupials, such as brushtail possum ( Trichosurus Vulpecula ) and koala ( Phascolarctos cinereus ), can metabolise higher levels of dietary terpenes, such as cineole, that are toxic to eutherian mammals. While the highly efficient drug metabolising enzymes, cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) and phase II conjugating enzymes (UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, UGT), are involved in the metabolism of high levels of dietary terpenes, evidence for inhibitory actions on these enzymes by these terpenes is scant. Thus, this study investigated the effect of cineole and its derivatives on catalytic activities of hepatic CYP3A and UGT in mice, rats, and possums...
December 15, 2021: Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34548931/ancient-viral-integrations-in-marsupials-a-potential-antiviral-defence
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emma F Harding, Alice G Russo, Grace J H Yan, Paul D Waters, Peter A White
Marsupial viruses are understudied compared to their eutherian mammal counterparts, although they may pose severe threats to vulnerable marsupial populations. Genomic viral integrations, termed 'endogenous viral elements' (EVEs), could protect the host from infection. It is widely known past viral infections and EVEs play an active role in antiviral defence in invertebrates and plants. This study aimed to characterise actively transcribed EVEs in Australian marsupial species, because they may play an integral role in cellular defence against viruses...
2021: Virus Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34535575/peptide-presentations-of-marsupial-mhc-class-i-visualize-immune-features-of-lower-mammals-paralleled-with-bats
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pengyan Wang, Can Yue, Kefang Liu, Dan Lu, Sai Liu, Sijia Yao, Xin Li, Xiaoling Su, Keyi Ren, Yan Chai, Jianxun Qi, Yingze Zhao, Yongliang Lou, Zeyu Sun, George F Gao, William J Liu
Marsupials are one of three major mammalian lineages that include the placental eutherians and the egg-laying monotremes. The marsupial brushtail possum is an important protected species in the Australian forest ecosystem. Molecules encoded by the MHC genes are essential mediators of adaptive immune responses in virus-host interactions. Yet, nothing is known about the peptide presentation features of any marsupial MHC class I (MHC I). This study identified a series of possum MHC I Trvu-UB*01:01 binding peptides derived from wobbly possum disease virus (WPDV), a lethal virus of both captive and feral possum populations, and unveiled the structure of marsupial peptide/MHC I complex...
October 15, 2021: Journal of Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33612848/covid-19-restrictions-provide-a-brief-respite-from-the-wildlife-roadkill-toll
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael M Driessen
The COVID-19 pandemic provides a rare opportunity to reveal the impact of reduced human activity on wildlife. I compared traffic volume and wildlife roadkill data along 18 km of highway before, during and after a 3-month period of COVID-19 restrictions with baseline data from the previous four years. Three marsupial herbivores comprised 89% of the 1820 roadkills recorded during the 4.5-year survey period: rufous-bellied pademelon Thylogale billardierii (31.5% of total), common brushtail possum Trichosurus vulpecula (29...
April 2021: Biological Conservation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33508213/primordial-germ-cell-expression-of-ssea1-and-ddx4-vasa-in-female-trichosurus-vulpecula-marsupialia-reveals-conserved-and-unique-molecular-patterns-during-marsupial-germ-cell-development
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Melanie K Laird, Timothy A Hore
Development of primordial germ cells (PGCs: precursors to adult gametes) is a key process in vertebrate sexual differentiation. Marsupials are ideal to investigate this phenomenon because much of PGC migration and development unusually occurs postnatally in pouch young. However, investigation of the molecular dynamics underpinning PGC development is restricted to one marsupial model species: the tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii). Given the reproductive diversity among clades, marsupial PGCs likely exhibit diversity in molecular patterns that could help uncover their developmental dynamics...
February 2021: Reproduction, Fertility, and Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33411125/are-physiological-and-behavioural-responses-to-stressors-displayed-concordantly-by-wild-urban-rodents
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Loren L Fardell, Miguel A Bedoya-Pérez, Christopher R Dickman, Mathew S Crowther, Chris R Pavey, Edward J Narayan
Understanding wild animal responses to stressors underpins effective wildlife management. In order for responses to stressors to be correctly interpreted, it is critical that measurements are taken on wild animals using minimally invasive techniques. Studies investigating wild animal responses to stressors often measure either a single physiological or behavioural variable, but whether such responses are comparable and concordant remains uncertain. We investigated this question in a pilot study that measured responses of wild-caught urban brown and black rats (Rattus norvegicus, Rattus rattus) to fur-based olfactory cues from a predator, the domestic cat (Felis catus); a novel herbivore, the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus); and a familiar herbivore and competitor, the common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula)...
January 7, 2021: Die Naturwissenschaften
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33294365/species-level-identification-of-trypanosomes-infecting-australian-wildlife-by-high-resolution-melting-real-time-quantitative-polymerase-chain-reaction-hrm-qpcr
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S Keatley, A Botero, J Fosu-Nyarko, L Pallant, A Northover, R C A Thompson
Conventional nested PCR and Sanger sequencing methods are currently the gold standards for detecting trypanosomes in wildlife. However, these techniques are time-consuming and can often overlook mixed infections. True trypanosome prevalence can thus be underrepresented. Here, we designed an 18S rDNA-based real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay coupled with High-Resolution Melting Analysis (HRMA) to detect and discriminate three Trypanosoma species ( T. copemani, T. noyesi, and T. vegrandis ) commonly infecting Australian marsupials...
December 2020: International Journal for Parasitology. Parasites and Wildlife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33022194/vulpeculin-a-novel-and-abundant-lipocalin-in-the-urine-of-the-common-brushtail-possum-trichosurus-vulpecula
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Grace M Loxley, David O Hooks, Aristotelis Antonopoulos, Anne Dell, Stuart M Haslam, Wayne L Linklater, Jane L Hurst, Robert J Beynon
Lipocalins are a family of secreted proteins. They are capable of binding small lipophilic compounds and have been extensively studied for their role in chemosignalling in rodent urine. Urine of the common brushtail possum ( Trichosurus vulpecula ) contains a prominent glycoprotein of 20 kDa, expressed in both sexes. We have isolated this protein and determined its primary sequence by mass spectrometry, including the use of metabolic labelling to resolve the leucine/isoleucine isobaric ambiguity. The protein sequence was identified as a lipocalin, and phylogenetic analysis grouped the protein with other marsupial lipocalin sequences in a phylogenetic clade distinct from established cross-species lipocalin sub-families...
October 2020: Open Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32750064/serological-evidence-for-the-presence-of-wobbly-possum-disease-virus-in-australia
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anita Tolpinrud, Simon M Firestone, Andrés Diaz-Méndez, Leanne Wicker, Stacey E Lynch, Magdalena Dunowska, Joanne M Devlin
Wobbly possum disease virus (WPDV) is an arterivirus that was originally identified in common brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) in New Zealand, where it causes severe neurological disease. In this study, serum samples (n = 188) from Australian common brushtail, mountain brushtail (Trichosurus cunninghami) and common ringtail (Pseudocheirus peregrinus) possums were tested for antibodies to WPDV using ELISA. Antibodies to WPDV were detected in possums from all three species that were sampled in the states of Victoria and South Australia...
2020: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32316496/de-novo-transcriptome-assembly-and-annotation-of-liver-and-brain-tissues-of-common-brushtail-possums-trichosurus-vulpecula-in-new-zealand-transcriptome-diversity-after-decades-of-population-control
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arsalan Emami-Khoyi, Shilpa Pradeep Parbhu, James G Ross, Elaine C Murphy, Jennifer Bothwell, Daniela M Monsanto, Bettine Jansen van Vuuren, Peter R Teske, Adrian M Paterson
The common brushtail possum ( Trichosurus vulpecula ), introduced from Australia in the mid-nineteenth century, is an invasive species in New Zealand where it is widespread and forms the largest self-sustained reservoir of bovine tuberculosis ( Mycobacterium bovis ) among wild populations. Conservation and agricultural authorities regularly apply a series of population control measures to suppress brushtail possum populations. The evolutionary consequence of more than half a century of intensive population control operations on the species' genomic diversity and population structure is hindered by a paucity of available genomic resources...
April 17, 2020: Genes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31857743/evaluating-the-effects-of-landscape-structure-on-the-recovery-of-an-invasive-vertebrate-after-population-control
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pablo García-Díaz, Dean P Anderson, Miguel Lurgi
Context: Effective landscape control of invasive species is context-dependent due to the interplay between the landscape structure, local population dynamics, and metapopulation processes. We use a modelling approach incorporating these three elements to explore the drivers of recovery of populations of invasive species after control. Objectives: We aim to improve our understanding of the factors influencing the landscape-level control of invasive species. Methods: We focus on the case study of invasive brushtail possum ( Trichosurus vulpecula ) control in New Zealand...
March 2019: Landscape Ecology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31753948/draft-whole-genome-sequences-of-campylobacter-strains-isolated-from-brushtail-possums-in-new-zealand
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David A Wilkinson, Lynn E Rogers, Ahmed Fayaz, Rukhshana N Akhter, Patrick J Biggs, Nigel P French, Anne C Midwinter
Draft genomes of five Campylobacter isolates recovered from New Zealand brushtail possums are described. Genome sizes ranged from 1.591 Mbp to 1.594 Mbp, with G+C contents of 29.9% to 29.95%. Comparison to Australian Campylobacter 16S rRNA gene sequences suggests that the species may be common to possums.
November 21, 2019: Microbiology Resource Announcements
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31700950/the-mixed-liver-and-heart-transcriptome-dataset-of-the-new-zealand-brushtail-possum-trichosurus-vulpecula
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel J White, Katherine Trought, Brian Hopkins
New Zealand suffers greatly from invasive mammal predators including rats, stoats, feral cats and possums all of which not only damage or prey on New Zealand's unique terrestrial biodiversity, but also have huge impact on NZ's economy as many of these pests act as vectors of disease to farm and game animals. As such, the NZ government has invested nearly $90 m to support an ambitious plan to make the country predator free by 2050. Although there are adequate means to control invasive predator populations, it is widely agreed that current technologies are not sufficient for total eradication and that improved technologies are required...
December 2019: Data in Brief
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