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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander Klimovich, Thomas C G Bosch
The freshwater polyp Hydra uses an elaborate innate immune machinery to maintain its specific microbiome. Major components of this toolkit are conserved Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated immune pathways and species-specific antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Our study harnesses advanced technologies, such as high-throughput sequencing and machine learning, to uncover a high complexity of the Hydra 's AMPs repertoire. Functional analysis reveals that these AMPs are specific against diverse members of the Hydra microbiome and expressed in a spatially controlled pattern...
May 6, 2024: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cawa Tran, Gabriel R Rosenfield, Phillip A Cleves, Cory J Krediet, Maitri R Paul, Sophie Clowez, Arthur R Grossman, John R Pringle
Coral growth depends on the partnership between the animal hosts and their intracellular, photosynthetic dinoflagellate symbionts. In this study, we used the sea anemone Aiptasia , a laboratory model for coral biology, to investigate the poorly understood mechanisms that mediate symbiosis establishment and maintenance. We found that initial colonization of both adult polyps and larvae by a compatible algal strain was more effective when the algae were able to photosynthesize and that the long-term maintenance of the symbiosis also depended on photosynthesis...
May 6, 2024: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
#23
Andrea Escalante, Jeffrey H Schneider
Gastric hyperplastic polyps (GHP) are one of the most common gastric epithelial polyps. They are generally asymptomatic and often discovered incidentally during endoscopic procedures. In this article, we present the case of a 36-year-old patient with dyspepsia attributed to the prolapse of a large gastric hyperplastic polyp with extensive xanthomatous change. The endoscopic findings revealed that the motion of the large polyp caused an intermittent pyloric obstruction. The large polyp was removed through a successful snare polypectomy, resolving the patient's symptoms...
February 2024: Curēus
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qianqian Li, Weiwei Chen, Lei Chen, Zhen Zhu
A previously healthy 39-year-old woman was hospitalized with upper abdominal pain for 1-month duration. A semipedunculated protrusion with smooth surface was found at the gastric angle measuring 2.0 × 2.5-cm by gastroscopy. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) showed a hypoechoic mass originated from the mucosal layer. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a circular pedunculated and slightly low-density mass with mild enhancement in the stomach cavity. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was performed...
March 12, 2024: Revista Española de Enfermedades Digestivas
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Burcu Çoban, Göksel Bengi, Gözde Derviş Hakim, Şadiye Mehtat Ünlü, Dudu Solakoğlu Kahraman, Funda Barlık, Gamze Çapa Kaya, Müjde Soytürk
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia is a non-neoplastic proliferation of enterochromaffin-like cells and is considered a premalignant lesion because of their potential to progress to neuroendocrine tumor. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the demographic and clinical features, laboratory, radiological and endoscopic findings, gastric biopsy histopathological features, follow-up frequency, and histopathological findings of patients diagnosed with gastric neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia as well as to investigate the factors that play a role in the development of neuroendocrine tumors on the basis of neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia...
February 2024: Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology: the Official Journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hui Pan, Yu-Long Zhang, Chao-Ying Fang, Yu-Dai Chen, Li-Ping He, Xiao-Ling Zheng, Xiaowen Li
BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered the most prevalent synchronous malignancy in patients with gastric cancer. This large retrospective study aims to clarify correlations between gastric histopathology stages and risks of specific colorectal neoplasms, to optimize screening and reduce preventable CRC. METHODS: Clinical data of 36,708 patients undergoing gastroscopy and colonoscopy from 2005-2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Correlations between gastric and colorectal histopathology were assessed by multivariate analysis...
2024: Frontiers in Oncology
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Z H Du, M Hong, Z F Zhang, J Zhao, X F Lin, H F Yang
Objective: To investigate the endoscopic and histopathological features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of gastric hamartomatous inverted polyp (GHIP). Methods: Five cases of GHIP were collected at the University Town Hospital of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China, from May 2021 to May 2023. The endoscopic, pathological and immunohistochemical features of the 5 GHIP cases were analyzed. The relevant literature was reviewed. Results: There were 3 males and 2 females, aged from 49 to 60 years, with a mean age of 56 years...
March 8, 2024: Zhonghua Bing Li Xue za Zhi Chinese Journal of Pathology
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shiyo Ikeda, Toshiya Takahashi, Toshitsugu Tandoh, Kaori Ushiyama, Yujiro Kida
A 90-year-old man on maintenance hemodialysis was admitted due to severe symptomatic anemia. Biopsies under esophagogastroduodenoscopy demonstrated that the cause of anemia was intermittent blood oozing from multiple gastric hyperplastic polyps. Even after successful eradication of Helicobacter pylori, he showed hypergastrinemia (480 pg/mL) owing to esomeprazole (proton-pump inhibitor) therapy for the past 4.5 years to treat reflux esophagitis. Seven months after we switched esomeprazole to famotidine (H2 -receptor antagonist), those gastric polyps and anemia were remarkably ameliorated with lowered gastrin levels...
2024: Internal Medicine
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liwen Yang, Duan Duan, Ying Xiong, Tianjiao Liu, Lijun Zhao, Fan Lai, Dingxian Gu, Liuying Zhou
BACKGROUND: Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS), an autosomal dominant multiple cancerous disorder, is clinically characterized by mucocutaneous macules and multiple gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyps. Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma (G-EAC), a special subtype of cervical adenocarcinoma with non-specific symptoms and signs, is known to occur in approximately 11% of female patients with PJS. CASE PRESENTATION: Here, we report a case of PJS in a 24-year-old female with multiple mucocutaneous black macules who complained of vaginal discharge and menorrhagia...
February 28, 2024: Hereditary Cancer in Clinical Practice
#30
Abdulaziz S Taleb, Babatope L Awosusi
Fundic gland polyps (FGPs) are benign epithelial polyps usually located in the gastric body and fundus. Here, we describe the case of an elderly woman who presented with symptomatic anemia, abdominal pain, and weight loss. There was also history of chronic use of proton pump inhibitors for the symptomatic treatment of dyspepsia. Reflux esophagitis, duodenal ulcers, and multiple gastric polyps suspicious of malignancy were found at endoscopy. A large pedunculated antral polyp measuring more than 10mm in the largest dimension and other smaller polyps in the body and fundus were removed completely by cold snare and sent for histopathologic evaluation...
January 2024: Curēus
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lei Dai, Yunyan Ye, Joseph Mugaanyi, Caide Lu, Changjiang Lu
BACKGROUND: A number of observational studies indicate that insomnia is linked to inflammatory digestive diseases (IDDs). However, the definite relationship between insomnia and IDDs remains unclear. METHODS: We obtained the publicly available data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to conduct two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) for association assessment. Five MR analysis methods were used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and effect estimate, and the heterogeneity and pleiotropy tests were performed to evaluate the robustness of the variable instruments (IVs)...
February 21, 2024: BMC Gastroenterology
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Celia Gómez Labrador, Flor M Fernández-Gordón Sánchez, Lorena Sancho Del Val, Carlos Castaño-Milla
A 68-year-old male presented to the Emergency Department with a one-month history of intermittent epigastrium pain. Laboratory tests revealed leukocytosis and elevated lipase (4129 UI/l), with normal liver function, so he was admitted for its first episode of acute pancreatitis. Abdominal ultrasound showed liver steatosis, without cholelithiasis or bile duct dilatation. A thoraco-abdominal computed tomography was performed, revealing a pedunculated gastric polyp in lesser curvature measuring 64x38mm with no evidence of metastatic disease...
February 12, 2024: Revista Española de Enfermedades Digestivas
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaomei Chen, Dandan Zhang, Mei Chen
To explore high frequency electrocoagulation resection effect in treatment of patients with gastric polyps under painless gastroscopy. Sixty-four patients with gastric polyps were randomly divided into experimental group (32 cases) and control group (32 cases). Experimental group received basic treatment drugs for 8 weeks, and then treated with painless gastroscope high-frequency electrocoagulation resection. Control group was also given basic treatment drugs for 8 weeks, and then received high-frequency electrocoagulation resection under ordinary gastroscope...
February 9, 2024: Medicine (Baltimore)
#34
REVIEW
Ofer Fass, Benjamin D Rogers, C Prakash Gyawali
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Artificial intelligence (AI) is a broad term that pertains to a computer's ability to mimic and sometimes surpass human intelligence in interpretation of large datasets. The adoption of AI in gastrointestinal motility has been slower compared to other areas such as polyp detection and interpretation of histopathology. RECENT FINDINGS: Within esophageal physiologic testing, AI can automate interpretation of image-based tests, especially high resolution manometry (HRM) and functional luminal imaging probe (FLIP) studies...
February 7, 2024: Current Gastroenterology Reports
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yang Chong, Dong Yu, Zhaoyu Lu, Fengsong Nie
Gastric cancer ranks as one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. While the incidence of gastric cancer in Western countries has notably diminished over the past century, it continues to be a leading cause of cancer‑related mortality on a global scale. The majority of gastric cancers in humans are attributed to chronic Helicobacter pylori infection and the progression of gastric cancer is often preceded by gastritis, atrophy, metaplasia and dysplasia. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the development of gastric cancer remain ambiguous, including the formation of gastric polyps and precancerous lesions...
March 2024: International Journal of Oncology
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Noriyuki Nakajima, Toshihisa Takeuchi, Ryota Hokari, Kazuyuki Narimatsu, Katsunori Iijima, Shigeto Koizumi, Kunio Kasugai, Masahide Ebi, Akihito Nagahara, Tsutomu Takeda, Toshihiko Tomita, Shinichiro Shinzaki, Kazuhiro Mizukami, Kazunari Murakami, Nobuaki Yagi, Rieko Mukai, Toshikatsu Okumura, Hiroki Tanabe, Kazuyuki Tanaka, Junichi Iwamoto, Atsushi Irisawa, Koh Fukushi, Hiromi Kataoka, Hirotada Nishie, Yasuhiro Fujiwara, Koji Otani, Osamu Handa, Yasuhiko Maruyama, Toshio Uraoka, Hiroko Hosaka, Takahisa Furuta, Tomohisa Takagi, Masakatsu Nakamura, Yuya Nyumura, Akitoshi Hakoda, Noriaki Sugawara, Taro Iwatubo, Kazuhiro Ota, Shinpei Kawaguchi, Kazuhide Higuchi, Hiroki Nishikawa
This study investigated the trends in idiopathic peptic ulcers, examined the characteristics of refractory idiopathic peptic ulcer, and identified the optimal treatment. The characteristics of 309 patients with idiopathic peptic ulcer were examined. We allocated idiopathic peptic ulcers that did not heal after 8 weeks' treatment (6 weeks for duodenal ulcers) to the refractory group and those that healed within this period to the healed group. The typical risk factors for idiopathic peptic ulcer (atherosclerosis-related underlying disease or liver cirrhosis complications) were absent in 46...
January 2024: Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition
#37
Tomoya Kimura, Yohei Minato, Susumu Banjoya, Toshifumi Iida, Koichi Furuta, Shinya Nagae, Yohei Ito, Hiroshi Yamazaki, Nao Takeuchi, Shunya Takayanagi, Yoshiaki Kimoto, Yuki Kano, Takashi Sakuno, Kohei Ono, Sakiko Miura, Teppei Morikawa, Ken Ohata
A 25-year-old man was referred to our center for investigation of a gastric submucosal tumor and an ulcer that had developed on its oral side. Endoscopic ultrasonography findings suggested the presence of an ectopic pancreas, and treatment with an oral proton pump inhibitor was planned for the ulcer. Over the subsequent 3 years, the patient endured recurring epigastric pain and episodes of passing black stools. Emergency endoscopy revealed that the morphology of the gastric submucosal tumor had transformed into a pedunculated polyp-like morphology with a bleeding ulcer at the apex of the lesion...
April 2024: DEN Open
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Boonyaorn Chatrangsun, Natsuda Aumpan, Bubpha Pornthisarn, Soonthorn Chonprasertsuk, Sith Siramolpiwat, Patommatat Bhanthumkomol, Pongjarat Nunanan, Navapan Issariyakulkarn, Varocha Mahachai, Yoshio Yamaoka, Ratha-Korn Vilaichone
BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is associated with gastric cancer. Early and accurate diagnosis of H. pylori infection can reduce risk of gastric cancer. Conventional white light imaging (WLI) and image-enhanced endoscopic (IEE) techniques such as narrow-band imaging (NBI), linked color imaging (LCI) and blue laser imaging (BLI) plays pivotal role in H. pylori diagnosis. This study aimed to determine diagnostic performance of real-time endoscopy between WLI and other IEE techniques for diagnosis of H...
January 26, 2024: BMC Gastroenterology
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hussain Al-Shamali, Mary Sedarous, Mandip Rai, Tao Wang, Andrew Chung, Robert Bechara
Video 1Gastrogastric intussusception and acute pancreatitis caused by a large pyloric gland adenoma treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection: A 75-year-old woman with a several-week history of intermittent postprandial nausea and vomiting presented to the emergency room after experiencing syncope, following several hours of persistent abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. A contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis was arranged. Axial images show gastrogastric intussusception with the intussusceptum, indicated by the dashed lines, telescoping into the intussuscipiens indicated by the arrowheads...
January 2024: VideoGIE
#40
Fulong Zhang, Jing Xu, Yuandong Zhu, Shurong Chen, Yan Shi, Zongyuan Zhan, Jingwei Zhou, Yuhong Jiang, Hai Wang
BACKGROUND: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) associated with eosinophilic gastroenteritis is rare. We report a case of duodenal "stone" inducing acute pancreatitis with eosinophilic gastroduodenitis in an AIDS patient. CASE SUMMARY: A 73-year-old female AIDS patient came to the hospital with recurrent abdominal pain for 20 days. Computed tomography (CT) showed pancreatitis with exudation and a high-density shadow under the gastric antrum. Gastroscopy showed that the descending part of the duodenum was blocked by a "stone"...
January 2, 2024: Current medical imaging
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