Renal failure obesity adolescent

Alstrom's syndrome (AS) is an autosomal recessively inherited multisystemic disorder that falls under the umbrella of ciliopathy. It is characterized by poor vision, hearing impairment, cardiomyopathy, childhood obesity, diabetes mellitus type 2, dyslipidemia, pulmonary, hepatic, and renal failure besides systemic fibrosis. Biallelic pathogenic variants in ALMS1 gene cause AS. Retrospective study (1990-2017) included 12 Saudi patients with AS based on their phenotype, biochemical markers, and genotype. The study was approved by Fisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh (RAC number 2131129) on October 2, 2012...

The children hypertension is a serious threat to population health because uncontrolled children hypertension can result in exponential increasing of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, progression of kidney failure and premature death in adulthood. The main risk factors for primary children and adolescent hypertension are considered as cardiovascular biomarkers (fibro-blast growth), obesity, especially central obesity, overweight, low birth weight, high sodium intake, sedentary lifestyle, lack of physical activity, socioeconomic and ethnic factors, as well as family anamnesis...

Enlargement of breasts among boys is termed gynecomastia. This could be due to an alteration in the androgen-estrogen ratio along with the effects of other hormones including growth hormone, insulin like growth factor 1, prolactin, and other factors affecting aromatase enzyme. The common causes of gynecomastia are pubertal gynecomastia, obesity, drugs and hypogonadism. Several other diseases including liver or renal failure, thyrotoxicosis, Klinefelter syndrome, tumors and environmental pollutants can cause gynecomastia...

High blood pressure (BP) or hypertension is a well known risk factor for developing heart attack, stroke, atrial fibrillation and renal failure. Although in the past hypertension was supposed to develop at middle age, it is now widely recognized that it begins early during childhood. As such, approximately 5-10% of children and adolescents are hypertensive. Unlike that previously reported, it is now widely accepted that primary hypertension is the most diffuse form of high BP encountered even in paediatric age, while secondary hypertension accounts just for a minority of the cases...

We report our experience of COVID-19 disease with hypoxemic respiratory failure among patients aged 12-21 years admitted to the intensive care unit at two tertiary care institutions in Northeastern and Midwestern United States. Our results showed that during the main study period that spanned the initial surge at both geographic locations, adolescents with SARS-COV-2 infection admitted to the ICU with respiratory failure were more likely to be male, black, and morbidly obese and with two or more comorbidities...

The pediatric patient with end-stage kidney disease who transitions to the adult dialysis unit or nephrology center requires a unique nutritional focus. Clinicians in the adult center may be faced with complex issues that have often been part of the patient's journey since early childhood. The causes of kidney disease in children are often quite different than those which affect the adult population and may require different nutritional priorities. Abnormal growth including severe short stature, underweight, overweight or obesity, and poor musculature may affect the long-term health and psychosocial well-being of these patients...

Background: Alstrom syndrome (ALMS) is a rare genetic disorder. ALMS is characterized by progressive bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment, cone-rod dystrophy, infantile-onset cardiomyopathy, hypertriglyceridemia, accelerated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, renal dysfunction and insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus (DM). DM typically develop in childhood or adolescence. Dilated cardiomyopathy may arise in infancy. Clinical symptoms appear with great variability and severity. Several cases have been reported worldwide; however, diagnosis remains challenging...

Schizophrenia affects >3.2 million people in the USA. However, its comorbidity patterns have not been systematically characterized in real-world populations. To address this gap, we conducted an observational study using a cohort of 86 million patients in a nationwide health insurance dataset. We identified participants with schizophrenia and those without schizophrenia matched by age, sex, and the first three digits of zip code. For each phenotype encoded in phecodes, we compared their prevalence in schizophrenia patients and the matched non-schizophrenic participants, and we performed subgroup analyses stratified by age and sex...

OBJECTIVE: Since December 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been spread rapidly all over the world, infecting all age groups with this novel virus. In this manuscript, we report characteristics of children with COVID-19 in Mazandaran province, northern Iran. METHOD: From 12 February to 28 July 2020, medical records of 100 children diagnosed with COVID-19 admitted to the hospitals of Mazandaran province were collected. Patients' age, gender, clinical symptoms, and signs, in addition to therapeutic management and outcomes, were reported...

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) primarily affects adults, with a lower incidence in children. OBJECTIVE: To report our experience with critically ill children with COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of children with COVID-19 who were admitted Feb. 25 to May 1, 2020. We reviewed patient demographics, symptoms, comorbidities, requirement for respiratory support, evidence of acute myocardial injury, and chest radiographs...

INTRODUCTION: An often-quoted remark is to present problems as challenges, which invariably end up in the "in-box", eventually to be swept under the carpet. The chronic kidney disease burden in the South African black population poses a challenging crisis requiring immediate intervention even in a country with limited resources. Aims, materials, and methods: The National Kidney Foundation of South Africa (NKFSA) reports on 3 major projects. The schools project is aimed at prevention, early diagnosis, and appropriate management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on a national basis...

OBJECTIVES: Describe the overweight frequency (overweight and obesity) and identify the factors associated with this in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) treated at a University Children's Hospital in Rio de Janeiro. METHODS: This is an analytical cross-sectional study, which included patients diagnosed with T1DM who had complete anthropometric data (weight and height) and excluded those using drugs with effect on weight gain, genetic syndromes, celiac disease, hypothyroidism, renal failure and other chronic diseases, and pregnant women...

BACKGROUND: Overweight and obesity in children and adults is a major public health concern. Emerging evidence suggests dietary sodium intake may be associated with obesity. This systematic review and meta-analysis will aim to (i) assess the relation between dietary sodium intake and measures of adiposity in children and adults and (ii) examine the relation between sodium intake and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption, which is a known risk factor for obesity. METHODS/DESIGN: An electronic search will be conducted using Medline Complete, CINAHL, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane central register of controlled trials (CENTRAL)...

To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients as well as its effects on the progression of CKD, we conducted a prospective, longitudinal study including 180 patients with chronic renal failure followed at the outpatient service of Nephrology at the Saloul's University Hospital of Sousse (Tunisia) over six months. Our study population consisted of 101 men and 79 women. Chronic glomerulonephritis (36.6%) was the most frequent nephropathy. The mean serum creatinine was 249 ± 200 mmol/L and the mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 55...

AIMS: The aim of this study was to describe the demographical and clinical characteristics, diagnostic difficulties, and morbidity and mortality in children with hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS). METHODS: Retrospective cross-section descriptive study of children (<18 years of age) at an urban, tertiary, academic Children's Hospital diagnosed with HHS from January 2002 to December 2011. RESULTS: Six patients met inclusion criteria for the diagnosis of HHS...

Patients with single-ventricle (SV) anatomy now live to adulthood. Little is known about the cost of care and outcomes for patients with SV anatomy, especially those who develop heart failure (HF) cared for in adult hospitals in the United States. We analyzed the Nationwide Inpatient Sample from 2000 to 2011 for patients >14 years admitted to adult hospitals with the International Classifications of Diseases, Ninth Revision, codes for SV anatomy. Demographics, outcomes, co-morbidities, and cost were assessed...

BACKGROUND: An increase in the number of obese patients on transplantation waiting lists can be observed. There are conflicting results regarding the influence of body mass index (BMI) on graft function. METHODS: We performed a single-center, retrospective study of 859 adult patients who received a renal graft from deceased donors. BMI (kg/m(2)) was calculated from patients' height and weight at the time of transplantation. Kidney recipients were subgrouped into 4 groups, according to their BMI: Groups A (<18...

BACKGROUND: Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) has been developed in an attempt to further reduce the morbidity and scarring associated with laparoscopic surgery. In patients in whom there are indications to perform a laparoscopic renal biopsy, LESS surgery is a valid alternative to mini invasive surgery and is becoming more common. We report our experience on 14 renal biopsy procedures performed in a retroperitoneal LESS. METHODS: LESS renal biopsy was performed in 14 patients 18 to 80 years old (mean age 58...

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular mortality rate in patients with end-stage renal disease is 3 magnitudes higher than in the general population; it remains 10-fold higher after successful renal transplantation (Tx). Among others, obesity and hypertension can exert deleterious effects on vascular structure and function after Tx. Successful kidney transplantation may induce excessive weight gain in part because of the effects of steroid treatment. METHODS: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of obesity in Tx children, their obesity-related metabolic disturbances, and to assess their blood pressure and arterial stiffness in relation to obesity...

INTRODUCTION: Patients with renal cell carcinoma who were treated with radical nephrectomy (RN) or partial nephrectomy (PN) are at risk of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI), and in consequence, short- and long-term adverse outcomes. We sought to identify independent predictors of 30-day AKI in patients undergoing RN or PN. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2005 and 2011, patients who underwent RN or PN for renal cell carcinoma within the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program data set were identified...