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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard Baker, Louis S Levene, Christopher Newby, George K Freeman
BACKGROUND: There are not enough GPs in England. Access to general practice and continuity of care are declining. AIM: To investigate whether practice characteristics are associated with life expectancy of practice populations. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional ecological study of patient life expectancy from 2015-2019. METHOD: Selection of independent variables was based on conceptual frameworks describing general practice's influence on outcomes...
April 15, 2024: British Journal of General Practice
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Blake McCall, Karan Rana, Kate Sugden, Sarah Junaid
External fixation is an essential surgical technique for treating trauma, limb lengthening and deformity correction, however infection is common, with infection rates ranging from 4.5 to 100% of cases. Throughout the literature researchers and clinicians have highlighted a relationship between excessive movement of the pin and skin and an increase in the patient's risk of infection, however, currently no studies have addressed this role of pin-movement on pin-site wounds. This preliminary study describes a novel in vitro pin-site model, developed using a full-thickness human skin equivalent (HSE) model in conjunction with a bespoke mechanical system which simulates pin-movement...
April 2024: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of Engineering in Medicine
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lisa A Ostrin, Raman P Sah, Hope M Queener, Nimesh B Patel, Raphaella Tran, Divya Shukla, Hanieh Mirhajianmoghadam
PURPOSE: Studies report conflicting findings regarding choroidal thickness changes in response to myopic defocus in humans. This study aimed to investigate the choroidal response to myopic defocus in children and adults using automated analysis. METHODS: Participants (N = 46) were distance-corrected in both eyes and viewed a movie on a screen for 10 minutes. Two optical coherence tomography (OCT) radial scans were collected for each eye, then +3 diopters was added to one eye...
April 1, 2024: Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Colin H Cortie, David Garne, Lyndal Parker-Newlyn, Rowena G Ivers, Judy Mullan, Kylie J Mansfield, Andrew Bonney
INTRODUCTION: The distribution of health care workers differs greatly across Australia, which is likely to impact health delivery. OBJECTIVE: To examine demographic and workplace setting factors of doctors, nurses and midwives, and allied health professionals across Modified Monash Model (MMM) regions and identify factors associated with shortfalls in the health care workforce. DESIGN: Descriptive cross-sectional analysis. The study included all health professionals who were registered with the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency in 2021, and who were working in Australia in their registered profession...
April 10, 2024: Australian Journal of Rural Health
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rachelle M Johnson, Callie W Little, Jeffrey A Shero, Wilhelmina van Dijk, LaTasha R Holden, Mia C Daucourt, Cynthia U Norris, Colleen M Ganley, Jeanette Taylor, Sara A Hart
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a historic event impacting children around the globe. Prior research on the educational experiences of children during the COVID-19 pandemic focused almost exclusively on spring 2020. This article extends this literature past the initial shock of spring 2020, capturing the first full school year (2020-2021) during the COVID-19 pandemic. This registered report study utilized a national sample of 1,666 United States twins in kindergarten through 12th grade from 43 states to provide the current descriptive report of children's educational experiences during this time, as reported by their parents...
April 4, 2024: Developmental Psychology
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jeremy Goodsell, Daniel K Nikolov, A Nick Vamivakas, Jannick P Rolland
Waveguide displays have been shown to exhibit multiple interactions of light at the in-coupler diffractive surface, leading to light loss. Any losses at the in-coupler set a fundamental upper limit on the full-system efficiency. Furthermore, these losses vary spatially across the beam for each field, significantly decreasing the displayed image quality. We present a framework for alleviating the losses based on irradiance, efficiency, and MTF maps. We then derive and quantify the innate tradeoff between the in-coupling efficiency and the achievable modulation transfer function (MTF) characterizing image quality...
March 11, 2024: Optics Express
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuanyuan He, Shidi Wu, Marion Rietveld, Maarten Vermeer, Luis J Cruz, Christina Eich, Abdoelwaheb El Ghalbzouri
Nanoparticle (NP) use in cancer therapy is extensively studied in skin cancers. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a major tumor microenvironment (TME) component, promote cancer progression, making dual targeting of cancer cells and CAFs an effective therapy. However, dual NP-based targeting therapy on both tumor cells and CAFs is poorly investigated in skin cancers. Herein, we prepared and characterized doxorubicin-loaded PLGA NPs (DOX@PLGA NPs) and studied their anti-tumor effects on cutaneous melanoma (SKCM)(AN, M14) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) (MET1, MET2) cell lines in monolayer, as well as their impact on CAF deactivation...
March 17, 2024: Biomater Adv
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qian Yang, Emma Bränn, Elizabeth R Bertone-Johnson, Arvid Sjölander, Fang Fang, Anna Sara Oberg, Unnur A Valdimarsdóttir, Donghao Lu
BACKGROUND: Premenstrual disorders (PMDs) and perinatal depression (PND) share symptomology and the timing of symptoms of both conditions coincide with natural hormonal fluctuations, which may indicate a shared etiology. Yet, there is a notable absence of prospective data on the potential bidirectional association between these conditions, which is crucial for guiding clinical management. Using the Swedish nationwide registers with prospectively collected data, we aimed to investigate the bidirectional association between PMDs and PND...
March 2024: PLoS Medicine
#9
REVIEW
Silke Klarmann, Anke Hierundar, Teresa Deffner, Andreas Markewitz, Christian Waydhas
BACKGROUND: Therapeutic healthcare professionals in the multiprofessional intensive care unit (ICU) team are important for early mobilization, dysphagia therapy, and psychosocial care of critically ill patients. OBJECTIVE: Despite the high relevance of therapeutic healthcare professions for care in ICUs, there are no recommendations on the specific staffing of therapists in ICUs. RESULTS: Considering the main areas of activity of the individual professional groups and based on productivity time, a requirements analysis for staffing ICUs of different care levels with physiotherapists, occupational therapists, speech therapists, and psychologists was performed...
March 28, 2024: Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael Nurok, Brigid C Flynn, Marc Pineton de Chambrun, Mina Kazemian, Joel Geiderman, Mark E Nunnally
OBJECTIVES: Physicians with training in anesthesiology, emergency medicine, internal medicine, neurology, and surgery may gain board certification in critical care medicine upon completion of fellowship training. These clinicians often only spend a portion of their work effort in the ICU. Other work efforts that benefit an ICU infrastructure, but do not provide billing opportunities, include education, research, and administrative duties. For employed or contracted physicians, there is no singular definition of what constitutes an intensive care full-time equivalent (FTE)...
April 2024: Critical care explorations
#11
REVIEW
Chloe Cottone, David Kim, Christopher Lucasti, Maxwell M Scott, Benjamin C Graham, Nell Aronoff, Bilal Hasanspahic, David Kowalski, Justin Bird, Dil Patel
STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review. OBJECTIVES: Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IOMN) has become a standard practice in the detection and prevention of nerve damage and postoperative deficit. While multicenter studies have addressed this inquiry, there have been no systematic reviews to date. This systematic review identifies the leading causes of IONM alerts during adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgeries. METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines, a literature search was performed in PubMed and Embase...
March 27, 2024: Global Spine Journal
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Reba McIver, Mete Erdogan, Robin Parker, Allyson Evans, Robert Green, David Gomez, Tyler Johnston
BACKGROUND: Due to complex geography and resource constraints, trauma patients are often initially transported to community or rural facilities rather than a larger Level I or II trauma center. The objective of this scoping review was to synthesize evidence on interventions that improved the quality of trauma care and/or reduced healthcare costs at non-Level I or II facilities. METHODS: A scoping review was performed to identify studies implementing a Quality Improvement (QI) initiative at a non-major trauma center (i...
March 11, 2024: Injury
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yulema Valero, Sandra Souto, José G Olveira, Carmen López-Vázquez, Carlos P Dopazo, Isabel Bandín
The extensive growth of intensive fish farming has led to a massive spread of infectious diseases. Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) is the causative agent of the viral encephalo- and retinopathy disease which has become a major threat for fish farming all over the globe. The devastating mortality rates recorded in disease outbreaks, especially when infected specimens are at early stages of development, have a high economic impact on the sector. Currently, vaccines are the most cost-effective preventing tool in the fight against viruses...
March 24, 2024: Journal of Fish Diseases
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephanie Reitzinger, Miriam Reiss, Thomas Czypionka
Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease leading to reduced (healthy) life years. The aim of this study is to quantify the societal costs associated with hypercholesterolemia. We use epidemiologic data on the distribution of cholesterol levels as well as data on relative risks regarding ischemic heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular diseases. The analytical approach is based on the use of population-attributable fractions applied to direct medical, direct non-medical and indirect costs using data of Austria...
March 22, 2024: European Journal of Health Economics: HEPAC: Health Economics in Prevention and Care
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saskia Herrmann, Jana Giesel-Gerstmeier, Thomas Steiner, Florian Lendholt, Dominic Fenske
PURPOSE: The shortage of nursing staff as well as the slow progress in the German health care system's digitalisation has gained much attention due to COVID-19. Patient-specific medication management using the unit-dose dispensing system (UDDS) has the potential for a lasting and positive influence on both digitalisation and the relief of nursing staff. METHODS: Nursing staff UDDS-acceptance was determined via a validated online survey. For the evaluation of stock keeping on the wards, the delivery quantities were determined for a comparative period before and after the introduction of the UDDS...
2024: Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christian-Alexander Behrendt, Jörg Heckenkamp, Andrea Bergsträßer, Arend Billing, Dittmar Böckler, Arno Bücker, Livia Cotta, Konstantinos P Donas, Gerd Grözinger, Claus-Dieter Heidecke, Irene Hinterseher, Silvio Horn, Arnold Kaltwasser, Andrea Kiefer, Claudia Kirnich-Müller, Lars Kock, Tilo Kölbel, Martin Czerny, Christian Kralewski, Stephan Kurz, Axel Larena-Avellaneda, Haitham Mutlak, Alexander Oberhuber, Kyriakos Oikonomou, Manfred Pfeiffer, Karin Pfister, Christian Reeps, Andreas Schäfer, Thomas Schmitz-Rixen, Markus Steinbauer, Claudia Steinbauer, Daniel Strupp, Dietmar Stolecki, Matthias Trenner, Christof Veit, Eric Verhoeven, Christian Waydhas, Christian F Weber, Farzin Adili
INTRODUCTION: The medical development in the previous 15 years and the changes in treatment reality of the comprehensive elective treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms necessitate a re-evaluation of the quality assurance guidelines of the Federal Joint Committee in Germany (QBAA-RL). In the current version this requires a specialist further training quota for nursing personnel in intensive care wards of 50%. The quota was determined in 2008 based on expert opinions, although a direct empirical evidence base for this does not exist...
March 18, 2024: Chirurgie (Heidelb)
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Glen A Whittaker, Catherine L Hill, Linda A Bradbury, Janet R Millner, Harrison Cliffe, Daniel R Bonanno, Sia Kazantzis, Hylton B Menz
Rheumatological conditions are complex and impact many facets of daily life. Management of people with rheumatological conditions can be optimised through multidisciplinary care. However, the current access to nursing and allied health professionals in Australia is unknown. A cross-sectional study of nursing and allied health professionals in Australian public rheumatology departments for adult and paediatric services was conducted. The heads of Australian public rheumatology departments were invited to report the health professionals working within their departments, referral pathways, and barriers to greater multidisciplinary care...
March 16, 2024: Rheumatology International
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jin Shi, Yuzhe Wang, Xinda Yan, Zhengying Li, Eduward Tangdiongga
Speckle patterns generated as coherent optical beams are reflected by scattering elements. Multimode fibers (MMFs) can modify the transverse intensity distribution of speckle patterns with macro perturbations, i.e., pressures, providing a simple and low-cost way to achieve equivalent beam-steering for indoor optical wireless communications (OWCs) with divergent optical beams. However, the received optical power (ROP) variance severely limits the mobility of user terminals. In this paper, the issue is alleviated by using the overfilled launch of MMFs and the diversity gain of multi-receivers...
March 15, 2024: Optics Letters
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Virve Marionneau, Jani Selin, Antti Impinen, Tomi Roukka
BACKGROUND: Gambling causes important harms in societies. According to the public health approach, the most effective policies to reduce harms target full populations. Availability restrictions and mandatory precommitment are among the most effective measures. However, restrictions on the availability of some gambling products or channels may also be offset by increased consumption in other products. Substitution effects can have negative public health impacts due to differing harm potential across different gambling products...
March 14, 2024: BMC Public Health
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard Wanbon, Eric Villeneuve, Olena Serwylo, Alison Cheung, Leslie Manuel, Mark McGinnis, Melanie Harding, Timothy S Leung, Jason Volling, Aleesa Carter
BACKGROUND: Support for the role of an emergency department (ED) clinical pharmacy team is evidence-based and recognized in numerous professional guidelines, yet previous literature suggests a low prevalence of ED clinical pharmacy services in Canadian hospitals. OBJECTIVES: To update (from a survey conducted in 2013) the description and quantification of clinical pharmacy services in Canadian EDs. METHODS: All Canadian hospitals with an ED and at least 50 acute care beds were contacted to identify the presence of dedicated ED pharmacy services (defined as at least 0...
2024: Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
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