ampulla

BACKGROUNDS/AIMS: We evaluated long-term pancreatic functional outcomes, including pancreatic volumetry after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for peri-ampullary neoplasm. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 353 patients with a 12-month follow-up who underwent elective pancreaticoduodenectomies for peri-ampullary neoplasms at a single university hospital between January 2011 and December 2020. Perioperative and postoperative outcomes, long-term pancreatic endocrine functions, and pancreatic volume changes 12 month postoperatively were evaluated...

Abdominal pain ranks as the predominant cause for emergency department consultations. Although rare, transvaginal evisceration of the small intestine necessitates immediate surgical intervention due to its potential to induce intestinal ischemia and peritonitis. Key risk factors include postmenopausal status, a history of gynecologic surgery, and heightened abdominal pressure. Clinical presentation typically involves pain and protrusion of intestinal contents or even abdominal viscera. Diagnosis relies on thorough clinical assessment, and treatment strategies should be tailored to each patient...

Ectopic pregnancy (EP) constitutes 1%-2% of all pregnancies and is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. The most common site of ectopic pregnancy is the ampulla. Ectopic ovarian pregnancy (EOP) is one of the rare events, with an incidence of 0.5%-3% of all pregnancies. The incidence is higher in intrauterine device users or assisted reproductive techniques. The precise aetiology and pathogenesis of EOP remain elusive. Clinically, EOP mirrors the presentation of tubal pregnancy or a ruptured luteal cyst, often leading to life-threatening hypovolemic shock...

INTRODUCTION: Mesenteric fibromatosis (intra-abdominal desmoid tumor) is rare, with only a few cases reported in the literature. Clinical symptoms range from asymptomatic, nausea, early satiety, abdominal pain, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Although histologically benign, such a tumor may become locally invasive, and aggressive forms contribute to significant morbidity and mortality. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 52-year-old West African male with a 1-year history of intermittent hematochezia and intermittent bloating...

The clinical data of 7 patients diagnosed with mixed neuroendocrine-nonneuroendocrine neoplasm were analyzed in the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of Hunan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2016 to December 2022. Among the 7 patients, 5 were male and 2 were female, with an average age of 59.3 years. Its clinical characteristics are similar to malignant ampulla tumors, and it is difficult to differentiate them. The preoperative puncture biopsy positivity rate is low, making it difficult to diagnose preoperatively, and the prognosis is worse...

BACKGROUND: Pancreaticoduodenectomy has been the standard of care for managing duodenal neoplasms, but recent studies show similar overall and disease-specific survival after pancreas-preserving duodenectomy (PPrD) with potentially less morbidity. METHODS: Retrospective cohort of all adult (age >18) patients who underwent PPrD with curative intent of a neoplasm in or invading into the duodenum at our institution from 2011 to 2022 (n ​= ​29), excluding tumors involving the Ampulla of Vater or the pancreas...

BACKGROUND: Pancreatoduodenectomies are complex surgical procedures with a considerable morbidity and mortality even in high-volume centers. However, postoperative morbidity and long-term oncological outcome are not only affected by the surgical procedure itself, but also by the underlying disease. The aim of our study is an analysis of pancreatoduodenectomies for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and ampullary carcinoma (CAMP) concerning postoperative complications and long-term outcome in a tertiary hospital in Germany...

Leukocyte chemotactic factor-2 amyloidosis (ALECT2) is a recently described subtype of amyloidosis. IgG4-related disease is a rare fibroinflammatory condition characterized by dense interstitial lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates and fibrosis. Membranous nephropathy and diabetic nephropathy are common causes of nephrotic syndrome. Here we report a 49-year-old Hispanic male patient with diabetes mellitus who presented with jaundice and pruritus. IgG4-related autoimmune pancreatitis was diagnosed through laboratory workup and ampulla biopsy...

BACKGROUNDS/AIMS: The published data had contradictory information on the role of adjuvant therapy on resected periampullary carcinomas (PACA). The study was performed to evaluate the survival benefit of adjuvant treatment. METHODS: This was a propensity score matched case-control study from a prospectively maintained database from 2004-2019. The study included patients with nonpancreatic PACA who underwent curative resection. The patients (cases) who received adjuvant chemotherapy were compared with patients (controls) who were observed alone after surgery...

Adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation is a rare histologic subtype of adenocarcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract that shows unique histologic and immunohistochemical features that resemble fetal intestinal epithelium. This histological subtype has been widely described in the stomach, where it most frequently appears, but, in other locations, it is misdiagnosed because of the poor experience in routine diagnostic setting. Here we present a case of an 87-year-old male with an adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater with enteroblastic differentiation with a literature review of the cases described of this subtype in this location to date...

INTRODUCTION: Ampullary neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are usually diagnosed in the 5th-6th decades of life, and no cases were reported in <20 years of age. We report a rare case, presenting at a very young age, of well-differentiated NET involving the ampulla of Vater with lymph node metastasis. CASE PRESENTATION: An 18-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of upper abdominal pain and jaundice. Abdominal ultrasound showed a dilated common bile duct, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography revealed two duodenal polypoid lesions, one of them overlying the ampulla of Vater, with an erythematous and ulcerated surface...

The ampulla portion of the fallopian tube is the most common site of ectopic pregnancy (70%), with approximately 2% of pregnancies implanted in the interstitial portion. In general, an interstitial ectopic pregnancy (IEP) is difficult to diagnose and is associated with a high rate of complications-most patients with an IEP present with severe abdominal pain and haemorrhagic shock due to an ectopic rupture. Chronic tubal pregnancy (CTP) is an uncommon condition with an incidence of 20%. The CTP has a longer clinical course and a negative or low level of serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin due to perished chorionic villi...

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic, periampullary/ampullary, and choledochal adenocarcinomas are aggressive malignancies with a poor prognosis. Immune checkpoint blockade is a promising treatment option for several tumor types. H long terminal repeat-associating 2 (HHLA2), which is analogous to programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), is a recently discovered member of the B7/cluster of differentiation 28 family and is expressed in many malignancies. AIM: To analyze the expression of HHLA2 and its association with the pathologic biomarkers that predict sensitivity to immunotherapy...

BACKGROUND: Duodenal neuroendocrine tumours (DNETs) are rare neoplasms. However, the incidence of DNETs has been increasing in recent years, especially as an incidental finding during endoscopic studies. Regrettably, there is no consensus regarding the ideal treatment of DNETs. Even there are few studies on the clinical features and survival analysis of DNETs. AIM: To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of patients with duodenal neuroendocrine tumours...

Periampullary cancer is a malignant tumor occurring around the ampullary region of the liver and pancreas, encompassing a variety of tissue types and sharing numerous biological characteristics, including interactions with the nervous system. The nervous system plays a crucial role in regulating organ development, maintaining physiological equilibrium, and ensuring life process plasticity, a role that is equally pivotal in oncology. Investigations into nerve-tumor interactions have unveiled their key part in controlling cancer progression, inhibiting anti-tumor immune responses, facilitating invasion and metastasis, and triggering neuropathic pain...

INTRODUCTION: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) facilitates the removal of common bile duct (CBD) calculi by endoscopy. When ERCP fails, exploration of CBD is required for the clearance of CBD calculi. The optimum way for the exploration of CBD is by choledochoscopy. Dedicated flexible or rigid choledochoscopes are expensive and available only in few places in India. Since 1991, we subjected patients with suspected CBD calculi to ERCP, followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC)...

Introduction Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a lifesaving therapeutic procedure that carries its own complexities and risks. Clinicians use ERCP as a therapeutic tool for the treatment of biliary stones, malignant obstruction, and acute cholangitis.  Aim In our study, we aimed to analyze the clinical profile and outcome of patients who underwent ERCP in the Department of Medical Gastroenterology from August 2021 to February 2023 at Government Medical College Kottayam in India...

Understanding the mechanical properties and porosity of reproductive tissues is vital for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. This study investigated the changes in Young's modulus (YM), storage modulus (E'), loss modulus (E"), and porosity of native and decellularized bovine reproductive tissues during the estrous cycle. Testis tunica albuginea had significantly higher YM, E', and E" than the inner testis, indicating greater stiffness and viscoelasticity. Endometrium showed no distinct differences in YM, E', or E" across the estrous cycle or between horns...

OBJECTIVES: To predict tumor recurrence in patients who underwent surgical resection of ampullary adenocarcinoma using preoperative magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings combined with clinical findings. METHODS: In this multicenter study, a total of 113 patients (mean age, 62.9 ± 9.8 years; 58 men and 55 women) with ampullary adenocarcinoma who underwent preoperative MR imaging and surgery with margin-negative resection between 2006 and 2017 were retrospectively included...

Background: Opium use is a significant social and public health issue. There are numerous effects of opium documented as affecting the pancreatobiliary system. The aim of the study was to assess the pancreatobiliary changes in patients with opium addiction by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS). Methods: During the study period, consecutive patients who were referred for EUS of submucosal upper gastrointestinal lesions were included. The history of opium addiction and clinical symptoms were recorded prospectively...