keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535886/stop-in-time-how-to-reduce-unnecessary-antibiotics-in-newborns-with-late-onset-sepsis-in-neonatal-intensive-care
#1
REVIEW
Domenico Umberto De Rose, Maria Paola Ronchetti, Alessandra Santisi, Paola Bernaschi, Ludovica Martini, Ottavia Porzio, Andrea Dotta, Cinzia Auriti
The fear of missing sepsis episodes in neonates frequently leads to indiscriminate use of antibiotics, and prescription program optimization is suggested for reducing this inappropriate usage. While different authors have studied how to reduce antibiotic overprescription in the case of early onset sepsis episodes, with different approaches being available, less is known about late-onset sepsis episodes. Biomarkers (such as C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, interleukin-6 and 8, and presepsin) can play a crucial role in the prompt diagnosis of late-onset sepsis, but their role in antimicrobial stewardship should be further studied, given that different factors can influence their levels and newborns can be subjected to prolonged therapy if their levels are expected to return to zero...
March 19, 2024: Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522057/multi-organ-developmental-toxicity-and-its-characteristics-in-fetal-mice-induced-by-dexamethasone-at-different-doses-stages-and-courses-during-pregnancy
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoqi Zhao, Hao Xiao, Xiaomin Li, Lu Zhu, Yu Peng, Huijun Chen, Liaobin Chen, Dan Xu, Hui Wang
Dexamethasone is widely used in pregnant women at risk of preterm birth to reduce the occurrence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and subsequently reduce neonatal mortality. Studies have suggested that dexamethasone has developmental toxicity, but there is a notable absence of systematic investigations about its characteristics. In this study, we examined the effects of prenatal dexamethasone exposure (PDE) on mother/fetal mice at different doses (0.2, 0.4, or 0.8 mg/kg b.i.d), stages (gestational day 14-15 or 16-17) and courses (single- or double-course) based on the clinical practice...
March 24, 2024: Archives of Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510880/morphometric-evaluation-of-sutural-patterns-at-the-pterion-and-asterion-in-dry-indian-skulls-surgical-relevance
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rahul Sharma, Vikas Vaibhav, Raviprakash Meshram, Gitanjali Khorwal, Brijendra Singh, Yashu Bhardwaj
INTRODUCTION: The pterion and asterion serve as crucial landmarks on the skull, representing the antero-lateral and postero-lateral fontanelles in neonates, respectively. In clinical practice, these points play a pivotal role in guiding the understanding of deeper structures and their relationships to the head's surface. The thin calvarium at these junctures is susceptible to fractures, and the underlying vessels are prone to tear, often leading to extradural hematoma formation, necessitating burr hole surgery for evacuation...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509614/multicentre-randomised-controlled-trial-of-physiological-based-cord-clamping-versus-immediate-cord-clamping-in-infants-with-a-congenital-diaphragmatic-hernia-pinc-statistical-analysis-plan
#4
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Emily J J Horn-Oudshoorn, Marijn J Vermeulen, Ronny Knol, Rebekka Bout-Rebel, Arjan B Te Pas, Stuart B Hooper, Suzan C M Cochius-den Otter, Rene M H Wijnen, Kelly J Crossley, Neysan Rafat, Thomas Schaible, Willem P de Boode, Anne Debeer, Berndt Urlesberger, Calum T Roberts, Florian Kipfmueller, Irma Capolupo, Carmen M Burgos, Bettina E Hansen, Irwin K M Reiss, Philip L J DeKoninck
BACKGROUND: Infants born with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) are at high risk of respiratory insufficiency and pulmonary hypertension. Routine practice includes immediate clamping of the umbilical cord and endotracheal intubation. Experimental animal studies suggest that clamping the umbilical cord guided by physiological changes and after the lungs have been aerated, named physiological-based cord clamping (PBCC), could enhance the fetal-to-neonatal transition in CDH. We describe the statistical analysis plan for the clinical trial evaluating the effects of PBCC versus immediate cord clamping on pulmonary hypertension in infants with CDH (PinC trial)...
March 20, 2024: Trials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506930/pediatric-non-galenic-pial-arteriovenous-fistula-s-characteristics-and-outcomes-a-systematic-review
#5
REVIEW
Garrett W Thrash, Andrew T Hale, Michael J Feldman, Benjamin W Saccomano, D Jonah Barrett, Pedram D Malenkia, Somnath Das, Georges Bouobda Tsemo, Jeffrey P Blount, Brandon G Rocque, Curtis J Rozzelle, James M Johnston, Jesse G Jones
INTRODUCTION: Pediatric non-galenic pial arteriovenous fistulas (pAVFs) are rare vascular malformations that are characterized by a pial arterial-venous connection without an intervening capillary bed. Outcomes and treatment strategies for pAVFs are highly individualized, owing to the rarity of the disease and lack of large-scale data guiding optimal treatment approaches. METHODS: We performed a systematic review of pediatric patients (< 18 years at diagnosis) diagnosed with a pAVF by digital subtraction angiogram (DSA)...
March 20, 2024: Child's Nervous System: ChNS: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504293/women-s-autonomy-and-maternal-health-decision-making-in-kenya-implications-for-service-delivery-reform-a-qualitative-study
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Easter Olwanda, Kennedy Opondo, Dorothy Oluoch, Kevin Croke, Justinah Maluni, Joyline Jepkosgei, Jacinta Nzinga
BACKGROUND: Maternal and neonatal outcomes in, Kakamega County is characterized by a maternal mortality rate of 316 per 100,000 live births and a neonatal mortality rate of 19 per 1,000 live births. In 2018, approximately 70,000 births occurred in the county, with 35% at home, 28% in primary care facilities, and 37% in hospitals. A maternal and child health service delivery redesign (SDR) that aims to reorganize maternal and newborn health services is being implemented in Kakamega County in Kenya to improve the progress of these indicators...
March 19, 2024: BMC Women's Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491421/clinical-features-and-treatment-options-for-pediatric-adrenal-incidentalomas-a-retrospective-single-center-study
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaojiang Zhu, Saisai Liu, Yimin Yuan, Nannan Gu, Jintong Sha, Yunfei Guo, Yongji Deng
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features and treatment options for pediatric adrenal incidentalomas(AIs) to guide the diagnosis and treatment of these tumors. METHODS: The clinical data of AI patients admitted to our hospital between December 2016 and December 2022 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. All patients were divided into neonatal and nonneonatal groups according to their age at the time of the initial consultation...
March 16, 2024: BMC Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481092/children-s-and-parents-experiences-of-home-care-provided-by-hospital-staff-a-scoping-review
#8
REVIEW
Elisabeth Grov Beisland, Jorunn Drageset, Mari Gaupås Blindheim, Gøril Tvedten Jorem, Asgjerd Litleré Moi
AIMS: To describe what is known from existing scientific literature on children's and parents' experiences of hospital-based home care and to identify future research areas. DESIGN: The scoping review design used adheres to the methodological framework of Arksey and O'Malley, and to the PRISMA-ScR checklist. REVIEW METHODS: A systematic search was conducted, and peer-reviewed scientific papers were screened through the application of Rayyan software...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Clinical Nursing
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38480570/cardiac-rhabdomyomas-presenting-with-critical-cardiac-obstruction-in-neonates-and-infants-treatment-strategies-and-outcome-a-single-center-experience
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Li Yen Ng, Jonathan McGuinness, Terence Prendiville, Orla Franklin, Mark Walsh, Damien Kenny, Lars Nolke, Colin J McMahon
Cardiac rhabdomyomas are the most common benign pediatric heart tumor in infancy, which are commonly associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Most rhabdomyomas are asymptomatic and spontaneously regress over time. However, some cases especially in neonates or small infants can present with hemodynamic instability. Surgical resection of the tumor, which has been the gold standard in alleviating obstruction, is not always possible and may be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Recently, mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors (mTORi) have been shown to be safe and effective in the treatment of TSC...
March 13, 2024: Pediatric Cardiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478132/sars-cov-2-seroprevalence-among-children-in-greece-during-omicron-variant-period
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dimitra Dimopoulou, Despoina Sotiri, Dimitra Kousi, Garyfallia Loulou, Kalliopi Raptaki, Ariadni Neofytou, Foteini Dasoula, Maria Tampouratzi, Athina Koloi, Eirini Eleftheriou, Eleni Vergadi, Eleni Papadimitriou, Irini Zorbadaki, Artemis Mavridi, Konstantinos Miliordos, Evangelia Steletou, Maria Strempela, Paraskevi C Fragkou, Vassiliki Spoulou, Athanasios Michos, Despoina Gkentzi, Vassiliki Papaevangelou, Fani Ladomenou, Ioanna Grivea, George Syrogiannopoulos, Emmanouil Galanakis, Theoklis Zaoutis, Kyriaki Tryfinopoulou, Maria N Tsolia
The Omicron variant is associated with increased transmissibility, but evidence about the impact of Omicron in seropositivity of children is limited. This study aims to evaluate SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in children during the different variants' subperiods. A prospective multicenter seroprevalence study was conducted in 7 University public hospitals in Greece from November 2021 to August 2022 (3 subperiods: November 2021-February 2022, March 2022-May 2022, June 2022-August 2022). Children from different age groups, admitted to the hospital or examined in outpatient clinics for reasons other than COVID-19 were enrolled...
March 13, 2024: European Journal of Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38467119/positive-pressure-ventilation-in-preterm-infants-in-the-delivery-room-a-review-of-current-practices-challenges-and-emerging-technologies
#11
REVIEW
Shivashankar Diggikar, Viraraghavan V Ramaswamy, Jenny Koo, Arun Prasath, Georg M Schmölzer
BACKGROUND: A major proportion of preterm neonates require positive pressure ventilation (PPV) immediately after delivery. PPV may be administered through a face mask (FM) or nasal prongs. Current literature indicates that either of these are associated with similar outcomes. SUMMARY: Nonetheless, FM remains the most utilized and the best choice. However, most available FM sizes are too large for extremely preterm infants, which leads to mask leak and ineffective PPV...
March 11, 2024: Neonatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464896/a-novel-homozygous-variant-in-slc25a46-gene-associated-with-pontocerebellar-hypoplasia-type-1e-a-case-report
#12
Adrien Guillaume, Vojtech Stejskal, Guillaume Smits, Dorottya Kelen
Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is a complex clinical condition with diverse etiologies. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a major contributor to NE cases. However, distinguishing NE subtypes, such as pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 1E (PCH1E), from HIE can be challenging due to overlapping clinical features. Here, we present a case of PCH1E in a neonate with a homozygous mutation c.72delT p. (Phe24LeufsTer20) in the SLC25A46 gene. The severity of PCH1E associated NE highlighted the significance of early recognition to guide appropriate clinical management...
2024: Frontiers in Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464078/minimum-effective-dose-of-clemastine-in-a-mouse-model-of-preterm-white-matter-injury
#13
Elizabeth Odell, Nora Jabassini, Björn Schniedewind, Sarah E Pease-Raissi, Adam Frymoyer, Uwe Christians, Ari J Green, Jonah R Chan, Bridget E L Ostrem
BACKGROUND: Preterm white matter injury (PWMI) is the most common cause of brain injury in premature neonates. PWMI involves a differentiation arrest of oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the central nervous system. Clemastine was previously shown to induce oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination in mouse models of PWMI at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day. The minimum effective dose (MED) of clemastine is unknown. Identification if the MED is essential for maximizing safety and efficacy in neonatal clinical trials...
March 1, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38462261/optimizing-the-length-of-the-second-stage-and-management-of-pushing
#14
REVIEW
Alison G Cahill, George A Macones
Although the optimal length of the second stage of labor to minimize maternal and neonatal morbidities and optimize spontaneous vaginal delivery is not known, available evidence suggests that increasing length of the second stage is associated with increasing maternal and neonatal morbidity. Thus, evidence-based strategies to safely shorten the second stage, such as initiating pushing when complete dilation is reached among those with neuraxial anesthesia, is prudent. Many aspects of optimal management of the second stage of labor require future study to continue to guide clinical second-stage management...
March 2024: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38456989/risk-factors-for-infant-hearing-loss-a-meta-analysis
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yiwei Han, Shangbin Li, Yankun Song, Jingfei Sun, Weichen Yan, Jie Wang, Xiong Gao, Xueying Li, Changjun Ren, Qian Zhao
Hearing loss is a common disability in infants that significantly impacts their cognitive, language, and literacy development. This study aimed to systematically assess the risk factors for the early identification and intervention in infant hearing loss. Databases were searched for meta-analyses of observational studies until November 2023. The quality assessment was performed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to assess the certainty of the evidence...
March 8, 2024: European Journal of Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38433210/efficacy-of-home-phototherapy-versus-inpatient-phototherapy-for-neonatal-hyperbilirubinemia-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#16
REVIEW
Rui Li, Tingting Li, Xudong Yan, Jing Feng, Zhangbin Yu, Cheng Chen
BACKGROUND: Home phototherapy (HPT) remains a contentious alternative to inpatient phototherapy (IPT) for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. To guide evidence-based clinical decision-making, we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and cohort studies and assessed the comparative risks and benefits of HPT and IPT. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Wanfang Database, Chinese Science and Technique Journals Database, ClinicalTrials...
March 4, 2024: Italian Journal of Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38431625/-she-was-finally-mine-the-moral-experience-of-families-in-the-context-of-trisomy-13-and-18-a-scoping-review-with-thematic-analysis
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zoe Ritchie, Gail Teachman, Randi Zlotnik Shaul, Maxwell J Smith
INTRODUCTION: The value of a short life characterized by disability has been hotly debated in the literature on fetal and neonatal outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a scoping review to summarize the available empirical literature on the experiences of families in the context of trisomy 13 and 18 (T13/18) with subsequent thematic analysis of the 17 included articles. FINDINGS: Themes constructed include (1) Pride as Resistance, (2) Negotiating Normalcy and (3) The Significance of Time...
March 2, 2024: BMC Medical Ethics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38415310/the-sensitivity-and-specificity-of-procalcitonin-in-diagnosing-bacterial-sepsis-in-neonates
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rachael Beaumont, Kailey Tang, Amanda Gwee
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES: Neonatal sepsis accounts for 15% of all neonatal deaths. Early detection enables prompt administration of antibiotic treatment, reducing morbidity and mortality. This study aims to review the sensitivity and specificity of procalcitonin in diagnosing microbiologically-proven sepsis in neonates to determine the optimal procalcitonin cut-off value for use in clinical practice. DATA SOURCES, STUDY SELECTION, AND DATA EXTRACTION: Medline, EMBASE and PubMed were searched on 3 May 2023 for original studies in symptomatic neonates in whom both blood culture and procalcitonin levels were taken, and a procalcitonin cut-off with either sensitivity or specificity reported...
February 28, 2024: Hospital Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38410297/echocardiographic-evaluations-in-sick-neonates-in-neonatal-intensive-care-unit-a-clinical-study
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kushal Desai, Amar Taksande
Introduction Echocardiography is pivotal in neonatal care by providing valuable insights into cardiac function, anatomy, and hemodynamics. The ability of echocardiography to guide clinical decision-making is evident in its capacity to influence and change management strategies. Therefore, the goal of the current study was to know the prevalence of heart disease and the association between echocardiographic indications and neonatal outcomes and interventions. Materials and method This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Neonatology Department, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Sawangi, Wardha...
January 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38408792/applied-pharmacokinetics-to-improve-pharmacotherapy-in-and-paediatric-intensive-care-units-focus-on-correct-dose-selection
#20
REVIEW
Dotan Shaniv, Karel Allegaert
Drug dosing and exposure throughout childhood are constantly affected by maturational changes like weight, age or body surface area. In neonatal and paediatric intensive care units (NICU and PICU, respectively), drug dosing and exposure are further impacted by non-maturational changes. These changes are related to factors such as sepsis, cardiac failure, acute kidney injury, extracorporeal circuits or drug-drug interactions (DDIs) resulting from polypharmacy.This potentially complex situation may alter drug pharmacokinetics to result in greater-than-usual intrapatient and interpatient drug exposure variability...
February 26, 2024: Archives of Disease in Childhood. Education and Practice Edition
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