Ureter

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is the descent of pelvic organs through the vagina, and sometimes causes hydronephrosis. Although the association between POP and hydronephrosis has long been recognized, severe hydronephrosis and renal dysfunction are rarely seen. We report a case of 66-year-old woman who had a vaginal delivery presented with externalized uterine and bladder prolapse during the previous 2 years. She had a 3-day history of hypophagia and vomiting, and laboratory analysis resulted in serum creatinine of 5...

BACKGROUND: The success of newly introduced surgical techniques is generally primarily assessed by surgical outcome measures. However, data on medical liability should concomitantly be used to evaluate provided care as they give a unique insight into substandard care from patient's point of view. The aim of this study was to analyze the number and type of medical claims after laparoscopic gynecologic procedures since the introduction of advanced laparoscopy two decades ago. Secondly, our objective was to identify trends and/or risk factors associated with these claims...

AIM: To present the results and technical features of forming the ureterointestinal anastomoses in intestinal ureteral substitution. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From 1998 to December 2016, 168 patients (mean age 51 +/- 8.7 years) underwent ureteral substitution using intestinal segments at the Urology Clinic of the I.I. Mechnikov NWSMU. Of them, 76 (45.2%) were males. In 119 (70.8%) patients, intestinal segments were used to replace various parts of the ureters (iliac in 92, colonic in 4, appendix in 23), and in 49 (29...

Urothelial carcinomas span the bladder, ureter, and renal pelvis, and while there had been stagnation in the field of drug approval for the past two decades, there is now accelerated and regular US FDA approval of 5 immunotherapy agents. However, patients who inherently do not respond or progress on such therapies still represent an area of increased unmet need. In this special Seminars issue, we explore varying aspects of bladder urothelial carcinoma treatment with targeted therapies, the unique presentation and challenges in the treatment of upper tract and renal pelvis tumors, as well as new and emerging diagnostic imaging tools for varying genitourinary cancers...

INTRODUCTION: (68) Ga-PSMA positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) is useful for both staging and assessment of biochemical relapse in men with prostate cancer. Renal excretion of (68) Ga-PSMA can lead to difficulties in scan interpretation, particularly in the pelvis. We evaluated if intravenous Frusemide at the time of (68) Ga-PSMA injection reduces excreted activity artefact and improves diagnostic certainty. METHODS: Sixty-two men with prostate cancer undergoing clinically indicated (68) Ga-PSMA PET/CT were prospectively included, 30 men receiving Frusemide at the time of radiotracer injection...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to present a paradigmatic case where the new-generation Allium URS stent was the optimal choice to treat a malignant ureteral stenosis. METHODS: We describe in detail all the steps of our surgery, performed on a 69-year-old patient with left hydronephrosis caused by lumbo-aortic nodal metastases compressing the ureter. The patient was intolerant to double-J stent due to strong irritative urinary symptoms. Allium URS stent was positioned under fluoroscopy in replacement of pre-existing double-J stent...

CASE DESCRIPTION A 3-year-old spayed female Bengal cat was evaluated because of a history of bilateral pleural effusion and hydronephrosis of the right kidney. CLINICAL FINDINGS Cytologic analysis of a pleural fluid sample revealed characteristics of a pure transudate with a high percentage of lymphocytes. Results of fluid biochemical testing were not consistent with urine or chyle. Serum biochemical analysis and echocardiography yielded no evidence of hypoalbuminemia or high hydrostatic pressure secondary to cardiac disease...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of flexible cystoscopy in preventing malpositioning of the ureteral stent after laparoscopic ureterolithotomy in male patients. METHODS: From April 2009 to June 2015, 97 male patients with stones >1.8 cm in the upper ureter underwent intracorporeal double-J stenting of the ureter after laparoscopic ureterolithotomy performed by four different surgeons. In the last 50 patients who underwent laparoscopic ureterolithotomy flexible cystoscopy was performed through the urethral route to confirm the position of the double-J stent, while in the first 47 correct positioning of the stent was confirmed through postoperative KUB...

Improved surgical techniques and immunosuppressant medications for organ transplantation have resulted in a significant increase in the number of women undergoing renal transplantation. Peritoneal dialysis (PD), a common supportive therapy for chronic renal failure, is also used in cases of renal transplantation failure. Herein, we report the first case of a rare total conventional laparoscopic gynecologic hysterectomy performed for endometrial cancer in a patient undergoing life-supportive PD as a result of renal transplantation failure...

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a significant risk factor for pyelonephritis and renal scarring. VUR can occur through a defective ureterovesical junction (UVJ) or an overwhelmed normal UVJ mechanism such as in bladder dysfunction of congenital, acquired, or behavioral etiology. There are numerous causes for the development of a neurogenic bladder from spinal dysraphisms to spinal cord trauma and even centrally based abnormalities in children with apparently normal motor function (inappropriately termed nonneurogenic neurogenic bladder)...

A duplex ureter constitutes about 1% of the renal tract anomalies.A 39-year-old man presented with a 4-week history of left loin pain and microscopic haematuria. Investigation with a non-contrast CT KUB revealed a 6 mm non-obstructing calculus in the left distal ureter.Left ureteroscopy and lithotripsy was planned. However, ureteroscopy failed to identify the calculus. A double J ureteric stent was left in situ and the procedure abandoned in favour of further assessment with a CT urogram. Imaging surprisingly showed a left duplex ureter with the calculus in the non-stented ureter...

A 5-year-old, spayed female, Basset Hound was referred for evaluation of a urinary bladder mass. Ultrasonographic images revealed a large, inhomogeneous, hypoechoic mass associated with the dorsal wall of the neck of the urinary bladder and left ureter. Partial cystectomy and left ureteral reimplantation were performed. Histopathology showed a severe inflammatory mass lesion forming multiple granulomas. A DNA sequencing test revealed Scedosporium apiospermum as the causative agent. Susceptibility tests on the isolated strain indicated susceptibility to voriconazole...

BACKGROUND: Almost all endourologic procedures use fluoroscopic imaging in some steps, which exposes both the patient and the surgical team to considerable amounts of radiation. Primary reports on results of a simple direct visual endoscopic access sheath placement technique which does not use fluoroscopy at all are presented. MATERIAL AND METHODS: First a semi-rigid ureteroscopy was carried out up to the renal pelvis, then the access sheath (36 cm, 11/13 Fr) without the obturator was placed over a 7...

The purpose of the study was to present our experience of retaining encrusted ureteral stents (EUS) and discuss the effectiveness of 4.5/6.5F ureteroscope (URS) in the procedure. The data of patients with EUS in our center from January 2012 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. The inclusion criterion was ureteral stents that required intervention above the ureteral orifice to retain and was proved to be encrusted. Impacted stents would be removed by ureteroscope lithotripsy (URL) via 8/9.8F or 4...

BACKGROUND: Vesicoureteral reflux is a risk factor for progressive renal damage. In addition to long-term antibiotic prophylaxis and open surgical re-implantation, endoscopic sub-mucosal intra-ureteral injection of implant material is a therapeutic alternative that gained a world-wide preference. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness and safety of the implant material, dextranomer/hyaluronic acid, in a cohort of Saudi children with vesicoureteral reflux...

CONTEXT: Although the technical feasibility of laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (LDN) has been established, concerns have been raised about the impaired renal function resulting from pneumoperitoneum and its short- and long-term effects. AIMS: We used urinary biomarkers of acute kidney injury including urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (uNAG) to study the injury caused to the donor's retained kidney by pneumoperitoneum...

Objective To explore the feasibilty of extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) and lymph node dissection in modified supine position for managing urothelial carcinomas in renal pelvis or upper 2/3 ureter. Subjects / Patients and Methods Consecutively from January 2014 to October 2015, 15 patients with high-risk urothelial carcinoma in renal pelvis or upper 2/3 ureter underwent extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy (EL-RNU) and extraperitoneal laparoscopic lymph node dissection (EL-LND)...

Urinary bladder torsion is rare in dogs. It is characterised by rotation of the organ along its longitudinal axis and is potentially life-threatening because of urinary flow obstruction with subsequent urine retention, hydroureter, hydronephrosis and azotaemia. This report describes the computed tomographic features of urinary bladder torsion in two dogs. In both cases, the hallmark indicative of torsion was the "whirl sign," originating from the twisted pelvic urethra and urinary bladder neck encircling the ureters, blood vessels and bladder ligaments in a characteristic spiral pattern...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between the upper urinary stone distribution and the "crossing point"; an area of relative fixation within the upper ureter at approximately the level where the ureter crosses the gonadal vein. METHODS: We reviewed 298 consecutive patients presenting with acute renal colic, identified upper ureteral stones in computed tomography. For stones located at "renal pelvis and upper ureter", we measured the vertebral level of each renal pelvis, crossing point, and stone...

OBJECTIVES: To determine the clinical value of visually assessed renal tissue transit time (TTT) in (99m)Tc-mercaptoacetyltriglycine ((99m)Tc-MAG3) renography for patients undergoing pyeloplasty METHODS: Medical records of 164 patients who underwent dismembered pyeloplasty were retrospectively reviewed. Baseline and postoperative renal ultrasonography and (99m)Tc-MAG3 renography were performed. Two urologists blinded to clinical data evaluated the renography and classified TTT as timely or delayed based on visualization of the tracer in the kidney pelvis between 2 and 10 min...