Ureter

It is well established that diagnostic X-ray practices must be optimised to keep patient radiation dose as low as compatible with providing the diagnostic information required. For effective optimisation of diagnostic exposures, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) introduced the concept of diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) in 1996. The present study aimed to carry out an extensive dose survey of diagnostic radiography installations in the Uttarakhand region of India to establish local DRL Values for the different diagnostic practices...

Objectives To investigate the functional outcomes of ileal ureter replacement for complex ureteral loss, including bilateral and single ureter stricture, as a result of various etiologies. Methods In 2013-2016, 31 patients underwent ileal ureter replacement surgery. The data for their assessments included etiology, combined surgical procedures, ureteral replacement type, postoperative complications, and changes in renal function. Results The 31 study patients had a median age of 56.0 (range 18 to 65) years old and were followed for a median 23...

Upper urinary tract calculi with infection is a quite difficult acute urologic emergency. And what is more, upper urinary tract obstruction after radical cystectomy following urinary diversion may be fatal in the vulnerable patients with this kind of situation. Postoperative anatomy and other factors affect the upper urinary tract calculi, and urinary tract infection greatly increased the risk. But it is particularly difficult to handle with patients with poor general condition and septic shock treatment, so how to optimize the selection program is worth further studying...

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the efficiency of ureteroscope and biopsy in the diagnosis of tumor grade, muscle-invasiveness and multifocality in suspected upper tract urinary carcinoma (UTUC) patients in order to find out whether it can be used in the risk stratification of UTUC patients. METHODS: A retrospective study of 76 UTUC patients who underwent preoperative ureteroscope and/or biopsy and received radical nephroureterectomy in Peking University Third Hospital during January 2014 to December 2016 was undertaken...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the development, safety and efficacy of percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PNL) for management of upper urinary tract calculi in pediatric patients. METHODS: In the study, 77 pediatric patients undergoing 87 PNLs through mini or standard tract for upper urinary tract calculi between January 2005 and December 2016 in Peking University People's hospital were reviewed, including 69 renal calculi, 6 upper ureteral calculi, 12 renal and upper ureteral calculi, 35 single calculi, 43 multiple calculi and 9 staghorn calculi...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the position and the size of ureteral stone in patients before treated with ureteroscopic lithotripsy or percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), as well as the dilatation of ureter caused by stone, which may be helpful for better understanding of pathogenesis of ureteral stone and improvement of the diagnosis and treatment in clinic. METHODS: A total of 129 cases with ureteral stone for endourologic lithotripsy in Peking University People's Hospital from Aug...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impacts of the prognostic factors of T2N0M0 upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) for Chinese patients. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted including 235 patients who were diagnosed with T2N0M0 UTUC in our hospital and received radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) or partial ureterectomy during January 2000 and December 2013. The 3 and 5-year cancer-specific survival rates and bladder recurrence-free survival rates of all the patients were valued using Kaplan-Meier method, and the survival curves with statistical significance between the two were compared using the Log-rank test...

PURPOSE: Current techniques for percutaneous ureteral occlusion are either technically difficult or not satisfactory due to frequent ureteral recanalization. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the occlusive properties of an "off the shelf" solution (EOS; ArtVentive Medical Group, Inc, Carlsbad, CA/USA) for transrenal ureteral occlusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 8 and 11 mm ePTFE covered ArtVentive EOS devices were used in 10 porcine models. Experiments were performed in explanted porcine ureters to simulate physiologic conditions...

Small bowel obstruction caused by internal herniation under ureteric bands is a rare occurrence. Only 6 previous cases have been documented. This case report reviews the case of a 79-year-old male who presented to emergency with abdominal pain requiring subsequent laparotomy and release of internal herniation of bowel under ureter.

Gardenia fruit has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. A previous study by the present authors indicated that the ethanol extract of gardenia fruits (EEG) primarily contains eight constituents. In the present study, the potential effects of EEG on unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced renal interstitial fibrosis were observed in rats. A total of 30 rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=10 each): Sham group, UUO group, and EEG group, which were administered with EEG (200 mg/kg/day) or the same volume of distilled water as a vehicle...

BACKGROUND: Robotic-assisted total pelvic exenteration (TPE) can offer a minimally invasive approach to a major multi-organ operation. METHODS: In this video, we summarize a stepwise approach to robotic TPE in a 70 year-old female Jehovah's witness with a history of cervical cancer post-chemoradiation and radical hysterectomy who experienced local recurrence at the vaginal cuff involving the rectum and bladder. RESULTS: The patient was placed in the lithotomy position...

Pelvic exenteration is a radical surgery that can require urinary and faecal diversions. Double-barreled wet colostomy, a viable alternative to the traditional ileal conduit with separate colostomy technique, is not always applicable due to the shortness of an ureter. To overcome this problem, I modified the original technique, replacing the two uretero-colic anastomoses with an ureteroureterostomy and an uretero-colic anastomosis.

We analysed cancer risks in patients with urinary tract stones but some features of the generated results alarmed us about possible surveillance bias, which we describe in this report. We used nationwide Swedish hospital records to identify patients with urinary tract stones (N = 211,718) and cancer registration data for cancer patients for years 1987 to 2012. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for cancer were calculated after the last medical contact for urinary tract stones. All cancers were increased after kidney (SIR 1...

Deep endometriosis is usually defined as endometriosis infiltrating the peritoneum by >5 mm. It sometimes involves the ureter causing hydronephrosis in 5% of cases. The latter is associated with 18% ureteral lesions. Ureteral endometriosis is one of the rare causes of silent Kidney failure. The ureter obstruction can lead to urinary tract obstruction, hydronephrosis and hydroureters. The ureters are usually compressed externally by the endometriotic lesions surrounding it causing extrinsic ureteral endometriosis, and sometimes by pressure from the bulky adenomyotic uterus with paraureteral fibrosis...

OBJECTIVE: To report a single surgeon's experience with 109 laparoendoscopic single-site myomectomy (LESS-M) using conventional laparoscopic instruments and a homemade glove port system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 109 consecutive women who underwent LESS-M between March 2011 and April 2015 were reviewed. RESULTS: The mean age and body mass index were 38.3 ± 6.5 years and 22.1 ± 3.0 kg/m(2). The mean diameter of the largest myoma and the mean number of myomas were 8...

A 41-year-old woman (G3P2L2Ab1) was referred to gynecology clinic with chief complaints of abdominal distension and localized abdominal wall pruritus for three months. She was misdiagnosed with gastrointestinal disorder and ultimately had undergone imaging. Ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) scan disclosed a huge solid-cystic mass originating from the ovary. On clinical examination the patient had no pain or tenderness and no gynecologic complaints. Laboratory tests showed normal tumor markers and hemoglobin at 8 g/dl...

PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of tandem ureteral stent placement in the management of malignant ureteral obstruction (MUO) refractory to single ureteral double-J stent drainage in women with gynecological malignancies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on 14 women (mean age, 54.5±9.6 [SD] years; range: 38-70 years) who had tandem stent placement following failed single ureteral double-J stent placement from 2012 to 2017...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms play a role in some pathophysiological processes. In this study, the possible effects of endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms on ureteral stone disease in patients who were admitted to the emergency department with severe pain due to renal colic are examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study groups were designed as controls and patients. The control group was formed from the healthy volunteers who applied to the blood center next to the emergency service...

OBJECTIVE: To outline treatment considerations and outcomes for a cohort of patients with forniceal rupture with the aim of adding to a very limited body of literature regarding clinical practice in this area. METHODS: We retrospectively searched all radiographic records for patients treated at our institution between January 2009 and January 2016 with forniceal rupture. We compiled demographic data, etiology, clinical factors, treatments and outcomes. RESULTS: Of the 103 patients analyzed, the median age at presentation was 64 years (IQR 52-73) and 56 (54%) were female...

Ureterocele, which is a cystic dilatation of the terminal ureter, is usually associated with the upper moiety in a case of the duplex system. Giant hydronephrosis, a rare entity, is usually due to pelviureteric junction obstruction and is usually diagnosed in infants and children. We report a unique case of a unilateral complete duplex system with ureterocele with giant hydronephrosis of the upper moiety in an adult woman presenting as an abdominal lump. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of giant hydronephrosis associated with ureterocele in an adult patient...