Celiac disease and diabetes mellitus

AIM: Conflicting findings have been reported on whether in youths, the double diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and celiac disease (CD) substantially impacts quality of life QoL, compared to subjects with T1D only. METHODS: In this study, 86 youths with double diagnosis and their parents were compared to 167 subjects with T1D only. QoL was assessed through the KINDL questionnaire. Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies and dietary interviews evaluated the degree of maintaining a gluten-free diet (GFD)...

BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children, a significant public health concern, often leads to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The prevalence of T1DM is increasing globally, with Saudi Arabia recording high rates of DKA at T1DM onset. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics and risk factors of pediatric T1DM patients presenting with DKA in the emergency room in Saudi Arabia and quantify intensive care unit (ICU) admission incidences reflecting DKA severity. METHODS: This retrospective chart review, conducted at Medina Maternity and Children's Hospital, Saudi Arabia, analyzed data from 2017 to 2022...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to compare two groups of celiac patients: the first one, in which diagnosis was based on a "biopsy sparing" approach according to the 2012 ESPGHAN criteria, and the second one, based on the biopsy approach like the one of the 1991 Revised Criteria, in order to find relevant difference for sex, M/F ratio, age at diagnosis, clinical features at the onset, presence and prevalence of concomitant autoimmune disorders. METHODS: Our study involves 61 patients having the Celiac Disease (CD) onset from February 2013 to February 2020...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and myasthenia gravis (MG) are autoimmune conditions that rarely co-occur. Here, we report a child with MG who subsequently developed T1D. CASE REPORT: An 11-year-old girl with seropositive MG diagnosed at 4 years of age presented with muscle pain, cramps, and weight loss of 3.5 kg over 4 months. Her MG was in remission on daily pyridostigmine. She denied polyuria, polydipsia, recent illnesses, or other medications...

OBJECTIVE: In recent years, an overwhelming association between Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and autoimmune diseases has been largely reported. The current study was designed to determine a possible association between autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), celiac disease (CD) - associated autoantibodies, and Parvovirus B19 infection among pediatric T1DM cases in the southwestern region of Saudi Arabia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Blood samples from age groups 1-18 years attending the Diabetic Clinic were collected over a period of 12 months...

AIM: This study was undertaken to explicate the shared and distinctive genetic susceptibility and immune dysfunction in patients with T1D alone and T1D with CD (T1D + CD). METHODS: A total of 100 T1D, 50 T1D + CD and 150 healthy controls were recruited. HLA-DRB1/DQB1 alleles were determined by PCR-sequence-specific primer method, SNP genotyping for CTLA-4 and PTPN22 was done by simple probe-based SNP-array and genotyping for INS-23 Hph1 A/T was done by RFLP...

BACKGROUND: Previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggested that gut microbiota-based therapies may be effective in treating autoimmune diseases, but a systematic summary is lacking. METHODS: Pubmed, EMbase, Sinomed, and other databases were searched for RCTs related to the treatment of autoimmune diseases with probiotics from inception to June 2022. RevMan 5.4 software was used for meta-analysis after 2 investigators independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies...

Celiac disease (CeD) is a chronic immune-mediated condition triggered by gluten consumption in genetically predisposed individuals. Approximately 1% of the general population is affected by the disorder. Disease presentation is heterogeneous, and despite growing awareness among physicians and the public, it continues to be underestimated. The most effective strategy for identifying undiagnosed CeD is proactive case-finding through serologic testing in high-risk groups. We reviewed the most recent evidence on the association between CeD and over 20 conditions...

Millets have been the staple food in many parts of the world, but in recent times they have been losing ground because of the increased use of processed foods and grains, such as wheat and rice. India has been the granary of millets due to the largest production and export of Indian millets globally. The very nature of millets being drought-resistant, small seeded grass, which can be grown in arid conditions, with less water and less farming intensive, makes it a great choice for ecological agriculture and sustainable source of food for combating hunger in the rapidly changing global climate and constructing climate-resistant agri-food systems...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence and predictive factors for celiac disease (CD) after a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children and adolescents, to improve the current screening guidelines. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The association between sex, age at T1D diagnosis, HLA, and diabetes autoantibodies, and a diagnosis of CD was examined in 5,295 children with T1D from the Better Diabetes Diagnosis study in Sweden. RESULTS: The prevalence of biopsy-proven CD was 9...

AIM: In Italy, the ISPED CARD initiative was launched to measure and improve quality of care in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. METHODS: Process and outcome indicators and the related information derived from electronic medical records were identified. A network of pediatric diabetes centers was created on a voluntary basis. RESULTS: Overall, 20 centers provided data on 3284 patients aged <  = 18 years...

OBJECTIVE: The simultaneous presence of celiac disease and type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is coupled with more hazards of comorbidities and complications. This current study aimed to screen for celiac disease in Egyptian children with type 1 diabetes and evaluate its impact on glycemic control. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was verified with 200 Egyptian children diagnosed with T1DM and having a diabetic duration of less than five years. Testing for anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA (tTG-IgA), anti-tissue transglutaminase IgG (tTG-IgG), anti-Endomysial IgA (EMA), and Hb A1c levels were done...

Celiac disease (CD) is frequently associated with other autoimmune disorders. Different studies have explored the association between CD and single autoimmune endocrine disease (AED), especially autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) and type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Data about CD as a component of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome (APS) are scant. We analyzed a large dataset including prospectively collected data from 920 consecutive adult CD patients diagnosed in a third-level Italian institution in the 2013-2023 period, The prevalence of isolated autoimmune endocrine diseases and APS were collected...

BACKGROUND: Hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI) is a rare metabolic disease caused by aldolase B deficiency. The aim of our study was to analyse excipient tolerability in patients with HFI and other related diseases and to design mobile and website health applications to facilitate the search for drugs according to their tolerance. RESULTS: A total of 555 excipients listed in the Spanish Medicines Agency database (July 2023) were classified as suitable for HFI patients, suitable with considerations ((glucose and glucose syrup, intravenous sucrose, oral mannitol, polydextrose, gums and carrageenans, ethanol, sulfite caramel and vanilla), not recommended (intravenous mannitol) and contraindicated (fructose, oral sucrose, invert sugar, sorbitol, maltitol, lactitol, isomaltitol, fruit syrups, honey, sucrose esters and sorbitol esters)...

PURPOSE: We aimed to assess factors associated with the presence and severity of ketoacidosis (DKA) at pediatric type 1 diabetes (T1DM) diagnosis, in relation to pancreatic, associated and familial autoimmunity. METHODS: Antibodies against pancreatic beta-cells, organ specific autoantibodies (thyroid, celiac, and parietal) and family history of autoimmunity were retrospectively evaluated in 116 T1DM patients aged 11.9 ± 4.6 (mean ± SD) years, with disease duration 7...

AIMS: Gluten-free diets (GFD) were considered as high glycemic index and/or high content of saturated fats; this could affect keeping good metabolic control in individuals with both type 1 diabetes (T1D) and celiac disease (CD). Our objective was to analyze time in range and other continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics with real-time CGM systems, in youths with T1D and CD, compared to those with T1D only. METHODS: an observational case-control study, comparing youths aged 8-18 years with T1D and CD, with people with T1D only was performed...

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In last decades a simultaneous increase in the prevalence of atopic and autoimmune disorders in pediatric population has been observed. Despite the Th1-Th2 paradigm, supporting the polarization of the immune system with Th1 response involved in autoimmune diseases and Th2 response leading to hypersensitivity reactions, recent evidence suggests a possible coexistence of common pathogenic pathways as result of shared immune dysregulation. Similar genes and other mechanisms such as epithelial barrier damage, gut microbiota dysbiosis and reduced number of T regs and IL-10 contribute to the onset of allergy and autoimmunity...

BACKGROUND: Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a genetic disorder caused by defective oxidative burst within phagocytes, manifesting as recurrent, severe infections as well as hyperinflammation. OBJECTIVE: This is the first report from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to describe the demographic, clinical, laboratory, radiological, and genetic characteristics of patients with CGD. METHODS: This is a retrospective study that was conducted at Tawam Hospital in the UAE on patients with confirmed CGD between 2017 and 2022...

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune condition with a genetic predisposition. It has underlying autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic cells that produce insulin. It is often accompanied by other autoimmune conditions. This article focuses on celiac disease (CD), also an autoimmune disease. It is caused by gluten exposure. Both these conditions have genetic predisposing factors. Apart from the genetic background, aberrant small intestine immune response, inflammation, and different grades of enteropathy present in T1DM and CD are the same...