keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38617727/multiple-ocular-manifestations-in-a-patient-diagnosed-with-herpes-zoster-ophthalmicus-case-report
#1
David-Ionuț Beuran, Mioara-Laura Macovei, Ioana Ruxandra Boca
Objective: Our purpose was to present a case of a patient diagnosed with herpes zoster ophthalmicus with multiple ocular manifestations. Case presentation: A 70-year-old Caucasian male presented to the hospital for headache and skin hyperesthesia on the scalp and forehead on the left side. The diagnoses of herpes zoster ophthalmicus and acute conjunctivitis were made for the left eye. The patient was followed up for 6 months and during that period the following diagnoses were made for the same eye: peripheral sterile corneal infiltrates, episcleritis, and hypertensive anterior uveitis...
2024: Romanian Journal of Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38616855/herpes-simplex-keratitis-a-brief-clinical-overview
#2
REVIEW
Mutali Musa, Ehimare Enaholo, Gladness Aluyi-Osa, George Nnamdi Atuanya, Leopoldo Spadea, Carlo Salati, Marco Zeppieri
The aim of our minireview is to provide a brief overview of the diagnosis, clinical aspects, treatment options, management, and current literature available regarding herpes simplex keratitis (HSK). This type of corneal viral infection is caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV), which can affect several tissues, including the cornea. One significant aspect of HSK is its potential to cause recurrent episodes of inflammation and damage to the cornea. After the initial infection, the HSV can establish a latent infection in the trigeminal ganglion, a nerve cluster near the eye...
March 25, 2024: World Journal of Virology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38603466/emerging-drugs-for-the-treatment-of-herpetic-keratitis
#3
REVIEW
Divya Kapoor, Pankaj Sharma, Deepak Shukla
INTRODUCTION: Herpes simplex keratitis stands as a prominent factor contributing to infectious blindness among developed nations. On a global scale, over 60% of the population tests positive for herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1). Despite these statistics, there is currently no vaccine available for the virus. Moreover, the conventional nucleoside drugs prescribed to patients are proving ineffective in addressing issues related to drug resistance, recurrence, latency, and the escalating risk of vision loss...
April 11, 2024: Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38601900/improving-polymerase-chain-reaction-diagnostic-rates-for-herpes-simplex-keratitis-results-of-a-pilot-study
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alice L Milligan, Jeremy J Hoffman, Yan Ning Neo, Su-Yin Koay
BACKGROUND: Laboratory confirmation is crucial for diagnosis and management of herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis. However, the sensitivity of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in keratitis is low (25%) compared with that of mucocutaneous disease (75%). We developed an educational intervention aimed at improving the diagnostic yield of PCR. METHODS: The medical records of keratitis cases seen at the emergency department of a London tertiary ophthalmic referral hospital over two distinct periods, before and after an educational program on swab technique, were reviewed retrospectively...
2024: Digital Journal of Ophthalmology: DJO
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38587772/bilateral-pattern-electroretinogram-abnormalities-in-patients-with-herpes-zoster-keratitis-and-conjunctivitis
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jingyi Li, Yuexin Wang, Xin Xie, Weizhen Zeng, Shiying Li, Rupesh Agrawal, Yun Feng
INTRODUCTION: Herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) results from the reactivation of varicella zoster virus (VZV) in the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve. The inflammation caused by VZV involves multiple tissues in the eyes. Our goal is to evaluate pattern electroretinogram (PERG) changes and their relationship with corneal sub-basal nerve changes in patients with HZO. METHODS: Twenty-two patients with herpes zoster keratitis or conjunctivitis and 20 healthy volunteers were recruited for this cross-sectional study...
April 8, 2024: Ophthalmology and Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38556059/glucocorticoid-receptor-and-specificity-protein-1-sp1-or-sp3-but-not-the-antibiotic-mithramycin-a-stimulates-human-alphaherpesvirus-1-hsv-1-replication
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fouad S El-Mayet, Vanessa Claire Santos, Nishani Wijesekera, Sydney Lubbers, Kelly S Harrison, Hafez Sadeghi, Clinton Jones
Following acute human alphaherpesvirus 1 (HSV-1) infection of oral-facial mucosal surfaces, sensory neurons in trigeminal ganglia (TG) are important sites for life-long latency. Neurons in the central nervous system, including brainstem, also harbor viral genomes during latency. Periodically, certain cellular stressors trigger reactivation from latency, which can lead to recurrent HSV-1 disease: herpes labialis, herpes stromal keratitis, and encephalitis for example. Activation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) by stressful stimuli enhances HSV-1 gene expression, replication, and explant-induced reactivation...
March 29, 2024: Antiviral Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514671/uvb-induced-reactivation-leads-to-hsv1-in-the-corneas-of-virtually-all-latently-infected-mice-and-requires-sting-to-develop-corneal-disease
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiao-Tang Yin, Alexis Hartman, Nadia Sirajuddin, Deepak Shukla, Anthony St Leger, Tammie L Keadle, Patrick M Stuart
Reactivation of latent herpes simplex type 1 results in virus returning to the cornea leading to recurrent herpetic stromal keratitis (rHSK). We compare two competing models to reactivate viruses from latency, UV-B irradiation and cyclophosphamide (CP). Results revealed that while both result in corneal recrudescence, only UV-B irradiation results in rHSK. To better understand the dynamics of reactivation, we analyzed corneas for both the presence of infectious viruses and the dynamics of exposure to multiple reactivations using UV-B...
March 21, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506230/pcr-testing-for-herpesviruses-in-aqueous-humor-samples-from-patients-with-and-without-clinical-corneal-endothelial-graft-rejection
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yaser Abu Dail, Loay Daas, Elias Flockerzi, Cristian Munteanu, Julian Kahlert, Sigrun Smola, Berthold Seitz
To compare prevalence of positive PCR tests for herpesviruses between patients with and without a history of clinical corneal endothelial allograft rejection (AGR). Retrospective cross-sectional study with two-group comparison. A total of 307 aqueous humor (AH) samples from 235 Patients and 244 eyes who underwent penetrating keratoplasty or Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty or had a diagnostic AH aspiration due to clinical AGR between 2019 and 2023 were tested for DNA of herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)...
March 2024: Journal of Medical Virology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38466284/exploring-heparanase-levels-in-tears-insights-from-herpes-simplex-virus-1-keratitis-patients-and-animal-studies
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Satyashree Gagan, Agimanailiu Khapuinamai, Divya Kapoor, Pankaj Sharma, Tejabhiram Yadavalli, Joveeta Joseph, Deepak Shukla, Bhupesh Bagga
PURPOSE: Heparanase (HPSE) cleaves heparan sulfate proteoglycans during herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) infection, aiding in viral egress and disease progression. Its action has been well established in in vitro and in vivo models, but its relevance in human patients remains unclear. This study aimed to specifically evaluate tear HPSE levels of patients with herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) and to correlate these findings with a commonly used murine model. METHODS: Tear samples from patient and mice samples were collected at LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India, and at the University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, respectively...
March 5, 2024: Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450463/-subfamily-of-betaherpesviruses-as-a-cause-of-epithelial-and-stromal-keratitis
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
D Yu Maychuk, A A Tarkhanova, M R Taevere, A V Shatskih, S A Sudakova
PURPOSE: This article presents the first clinical results of intravital morphological verification of epithelial and stromal keratitis associated with betaherpesviruses. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group included 12 patients (12 eyes) diagnosed with herpetic keratitis. During the initial visit to the clinic, each patient underwent a standard ophthalmological examination, as well as a number of laboratory tests: immunochemical analysis of blood, molecular diagnostics, and confocal microscopy...
2024: Vestnik Oftalmologii
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38417590/images-in-dermatology-herpes-simplex
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pelin Sagut, Dirk Elston
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 26, 2024: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38411973/baseline-participant-characteristics-at-enrollment-in-the-zoster-eye-disease-study
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christina R Prescott, Elisabeth J Cohen, Judith S Hochman, Andrea B Troxel, Ying Lu, Alberta Twi-Yeboah, Carlos Lopez Jimenez, Shahzad I Mian, Choulakian Y Mazen, David B Warner, Keith H Baratz, Bennie H Jeng
PURPOSE: The Zoster Eye Disease Study (ZEDS) is the first randomized clinical trial to study the efficacy of long-term (1 year) suppressive valacyclovir treatment on herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) outcomes. This article details the baseline characteristics of participants. SETTING: The study was set at 95 participating clinical centers in 33 states, Canada, and New Zealand. STUDY POPULATION: Immunocompetent adults with a history of a characteristic HZO unilateral rash and documentation of an episode of active dendriform epithelial keratitis, stromal keratitis, endothelial keratitis, or iritis within the preceding year, enrolled in ZEDS from November 2017 to January 2023...
February 27, 2024: Cornea
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38400535/herpes-simplex-keratitis-as-a-complication-of-pterygium-surgery
#13
REVIEW
Xinhan Cui, Jini Qiu, Feifei Huang, Chaoran Zhang, Tingting Shao, Yan Wang
BACKGROUND Infectious keratitis after pterygium surgery is a rare but potentially devastating complication. The present study presents 5 cases of herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) after pterygium surgery. CASE REPORT This study was conducted in our clinic in a 5-year period from February 2017 to September 2021. The 5 patients were men, aged between 42 and 73 years, with no prior history of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. Symptoms appeared near 1 month (median 30 days, range 10 to 70 days) after primary pterygium surgery...
February 24, 2024: American Journal of Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38376148/absence-of-cd80-reduces-hsv-1-replication-in-the-eye-and-delays-reactivation-but-not-latency-levels
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ujjaldeep Jaggi, Harry H Matundan, Jay J Oh, Homayon Ghiasi
Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) infections are among the most frequent serious viral eye infections in the U.S. and are a major cause of viral-induced blindness. HSV-1 infection is known to induce T cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation that play crucial roles in the development of virus-induced inflammatory lesions, leading to eye disease and causing chronic corneal damage. CD80 is a co-stimulatory molecule and plays a leading role in T cell differentiation. Previous efforts to limit lesion severity by controlling inflammation at the cellular level led us to ask whether mice knocked out for CD80 would show attenuated virus replication following reactivation...
February 20, 2024: Journal of Virology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38310042/effect-of-atopic-conditions-on-development-and-recurrences-of-infectious-keratitis
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yutaka Omatsu, Yumiko Shimizu, Tomoko Haruki, Yoshitsugu Inoue, Dai Miyazaki
BACKGROUND: Atopic conditions are known to be associated with viral and bacterial infections. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the effects of atopic conditions on the severity and recurrence of ocular infections including herpes simplex virus (HSV). METHODS: This study was performed on 474 consecutive patients with infectious keratitis caused by bacteria, fungus, acanthamoeba, HSV, or varicella-zoster virus. The relationships between the atopic condition and specific infectious pathogens and HSV were determined using real-time PCR...
February 2, 2024: Allergology International: Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38303587/viral-keratitis-surgical-intervention-in-viral-keratitis-challenges-in-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-viral-keratitis-hsv-hzv
#16
REVIEW
Anitha Venugopal, Josephine Christy, Vaidehi Raut, Preethi P, Veena Patwardhan, Veeramma V, Aditee Madkaikar, Mangala P, Ravindran Meenakshi, Rangappa Ramakrishnan
Viral keratitis is a significant cause of ocular morbidity and visual impairment worldwide. In recent years, there has been a growing understanding of the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic modalities for viral keratitis. The most common viral pathogens associated with this condition are adenovirus, herpes simplex (HSV), and varicella-zoster virus (VZV). However, emerging viruses such as cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and Vaccinia virus can also cause keratitis. Non-surgical interventions are the mainstay of treatment for viral keratitis...
February 1, 2024: Seminars in Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38294900/stromal-keratitis-associated-with-cmv-anterior-uveitis
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Punyanuch Pisitpayat, Akshay Mentreddy, Melike Pekmezci, David Hwang, Jessica Shantha, Christine Benador-Shen, Merryl Terry, Thananop Pothikamjorn, John Gonzales
PURPOSE: Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) has commonly been reported as a cause of anterior uveitis and corneal endotheliitis. Unlike its other herpetic family members, herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus, involvement of the corneal stroma in CMV is uncommon. In this case series, we describe patients with CMV stromal keratitis. METHODS: This was a retrospective chart review of patients seen at a tertiary referral center from 1999 to 2023 with stromal keratitis who tested positive for CMV by directed polymerase chain reaction of aqueous fluid or corneal tissue...
January 31, 2024: Cornea
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38276205/atopic-disease-as-a-risk-factor-for-recurrent-herpetic-keratitis
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Margarita Safir, Michael Mimouni
Recurrent herpetic keratitis is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. In this population-based cross-sectional study, the medical records of Israeli adolescents and young adults who underwent systematic preconscription evaluation for mandatory military service were reviewed. The prevalence of atopic conjunctival disease was evaluated in cases with and without documented recurrent herpetic keratitis. The association was tested using uni- and multivariant analyses. Overall, 940,892 adolescents and young adults were included...
January 21, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38275838/herpes-simplex-virus-type-1-modifies-the-protein-composition-of-extracellular-vesicles-to-promote-neurite-outgrowth-and-neuroinfection
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guorong Sun, Kai Alexander Kropp, Marieluise Kirchner, Nina Plückebaum, Anton Selich, Manutea Serrero, Akshay Dhingra, Jorge Rubén Cabrera, Birgit Ritter, Rudolf Bauerfeind, Emanuel Wyler, Markus Landthaler, Axel Schambach, Beate Sodeik, Philipp Mertins, Abel Viejo-Borbolla
The highly prevalent herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) causes a range of diseases, including cold sores, blinding keratitis, and life-threatening encephalitis. HSV-1 initially replicates in epithelial cells, enters the peripheral nervous system via neurites, and establishes lifelong infection in the neuronal cell bodies. Neurites are highly dynamic structures that grow or retract in response to attractive or repulsive cues, respectively. Here, we show that infection with HSV-1, but not with a mutant virus lacking glycoprotein G (gG), reduced the repulsive effect of epithelial cells on neurite outgrowth and facilitated HSV-1 invasion of neurons...
January 26, 2024: MBio
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38267485/non-invasive-quantification-of-corneal-vascularization-using-anterior-segment-optical-coherence-tomography-angiography
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julia Aschauer, Michal Klimek, Ruth Donner, Jan Lammer, Philipp Roberts, Markus Schranz, Gerald Schmidinger
The presence of corneal vascularization (CV) interferes with the angiogenic and immune privilege of the cornea, risking rejection in eyes following keratoplasty. Pre-operative (lymph)-angioregression is a promising therapeutic approach, but objective monitoring by non-invasive CV imaging is needed. The purpose of this study was to investigate anterior-segment optical coherence tomography angiography (AS-OCTA) for CV visualization and quantification, and to show its superiority over slit-lamp photography in high-risk eyes scheduled for keratoplasty...
January 24, 2024: Scientific Reports
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