amebic liver abscess

Amebic liver abscess (ALA) is still a common problem in the tropical world, where it affects over three-quarters of patients with liver abscess. It is caused by an anaerobic protozoan Entamoeba hystolytica , which primarily colonises the cecum. It is a non-suppurative infection of the liver consisting primarily of dead hepatocytes and cellular debris. People of the male gender, during their reproductive years, are most prone to ALA, and this appears to be due to a poorly mounted immune response linked to serum testosterone levels...

Entamoeba histolytica is a pathogenic protozoan endemic to Asia, Africa, and Central and South America. However, with increased travel and emigration, it is becoming a common parasitic infection leading to many worldwide deaths. We present a case of a young Hispanic male immigrant with an amebic liver abscess. This case report highlights the complexities of diagnosing and treating E. histolytica infection.

Amebic liver abscesses (ALAs), one of the most common extraintestinal manifestations of invasive amebiasis, pose diagnostic challenges due to their various clinical presentations and difficulty in distinguishing them from pyogenic abscesses. This case presentation highlights the intricacy of determining the source of an unusually large liver abscess that had an even rare occurrence of a coinciding pulmonary embolus without any evidence of a deep vein thrombosis. This unusual combination underscores the challenges in identifying and managing atypical cases of ALA and emphasizes the need for more comprehensive data to enhance our understanding of such occurrences...

We report an unusual and confirmed case of invasive amebiasis in a non-endemic area where the source of infection remains unknown. During her admission, the patient developed amebic colitis and extraintestinal liver abscess with a favorable outcome following the antiparasitic therapy.

An 18-year-old male developed a huge liver abscess with severe anemia over the course of 2 weeks. Abdominal contrast enhanced computed tomography showed ruptured huge liver abscess in the right liver lobe with signs of active hemorrhage (contrast extravasation). Serology examination confirmed amoeba as the suspected pathogen of cause. Angiography was performed followed by transcatheter arterial embolization to localize and control the hemorrhage. Embolization using a combination of polyvinyl alcohol and gelfoam successfully controlled the active hemorrhage...

BACKGROUND: Liver abscess is one of the hepatobiliary manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that has been scarcely described in the literature. OBJECTIVES: To conduct a scoping review to provide a detailed description of the occurrence of hepatic abscess in patients with IBD and summarize the observed clinical features. METHODOLOGY: Searches were carried out using relevant keywords in Medline (via PubMed) and Web of Science from inception until June 13, 2022...

Amebic liver abscesses should be considered in adult males with a liver abscess and a history of travel to endemic areas. Effective treatment includes metronidazole, followed by paromomycin.

BACKGROUND: The most common source of pyogenic liver abscess is biliary tract infection. Other less common routes include the spread of bacteria from distant foci. However, direct extension of a perinephric infection focus to the liver is extremely rare. CASE REPORT: The patient was a non-diabetic, immunocompetent, 29-year-old woman of mixed race ancestry with a history of recurrent urinary tract infections who was referred to our hospital because of an ultrasound-detected liver abscess...

BACKGROUND: Pleural empyema secondary to a ruptured amoebic liver abscess is a rare complication in the pediatric population. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 13-year-old male with right flank abdominal pain, productive cough with foul-smelling sputum, fever, and respiratory distress. Physical examination revealed breathlessness, decreased vesicular murmur in the right hemithorax, abdominal distension, hepatomegaly, and lower limb edema. Laboratory tests revealed mild anemia, leukocytosis without eosinophilia, elevated alkaline phosphatase, hypoalbuminemia, and positive immunoglobulin G antibodies against Entamoeba histolytica in pleural fluid...

Amebiasis is an intestinal infection caused by Entamoeba histolytica . Amebic liver abscess (ALA) is the most common extraintestinal complication of amebiasis. In animal models of ALA, neutrophils have been shown to be the first cells to come into contact with Entamoeba histolytica during the initial phase of ALA. One of the multiple mechanisms by which neutrophils exhibit amebicidal activity is through reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the enzyme NADPH oxidase (NOX2), which generates and transports electrons to subsequently reduce molecular oxygen into superoxide anion...

Pyogenic liver abscesses (PLAs) represent a rare yet life-threatening condition, and Fusobacterium species are an atypical etiology typically associated with immunocompromised patients or those with recent dental procedures or oro-gingival disease. Nonetheless, it is crucial to maintain a high level of suspicion for Fusobacterium infection in all cases, including immunocompetent individuals without known risk factors. In this case report, we present the clinical scenario of a young male with a history of COVID-19 pneumonia who exhibited subacute fever, abdominal pain, and pleuritic chest pain, leading to sepsis attributed to intraabdominal pathology...

Amoebiasis is produced by the parasite Entamoeba histolytica ; this disease affects millions of people throughout the world who may suffer from amoebic colitis or amoebic liver abscess. Metronidazole is used to treat this protozoan, but it causes important adverse effects that limit its use. Studies have shown that riluzole has demonstrated activity against some parasites. Thus, the present study aimed, for the first time, to demonstrate the in vitro and in silico anti-amoebic activity of riluzole. In vitro, the results of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites treated with IC50 (319...

Entamoeba histolytica, an anaerobic parasite, infects humans and other primates and causes fatal diseases, such as amebiasis, amebic liver abscesses, and many others. Thousands of people are infected and dying due to the need for a proper protective cure, especially in poor sanitizing regions, such as Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Around 10% of the world population is infected by E. histolytica every year. Consequently, novel preventive approaches are required to eliminate the threats of the parasite. A designed vaccine targeting the exposed proteins that are common between cyst and trophozoite stages of the parasite's life cycle would be an effective way to repress the impact of the parasite...

BACKGROUND: Pleuropulmonary amebiasis is the second most common form of extraintestinal invasive amebiasis, but cases that include bronchopleural fistula are rare. CASE PRESENTATION: A 43-year-old male was referred to our hospital for liver abscess, right pleural effusion, and body weight loss. He was diagnosed with a bronchopleural fistula caused by invasive pleuropulmonary amebiasis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. After initial medical treatment for HIV infection and invasive amebiasis, he underwent pulmonary resection of the invaded lobe...

Hydatid cyst of the liver is a rare zoonotic disease in the United States. It is caused by Echinococcus granulosus. This disease is mainly seen among immigrants from countries where this parasite is endemic. Differential diagnoses of such lesions can include pyogenic or amebic abscesses, in addition to other benign or malignant lesions. We report the case of a 47-year-old woman who presented with symptoms of abdominal pain and was diagnosed with a hydatid cyst of the liver masquerading as a liver abscess. Microscopic and parasitological tests confirmed this diagnosis...

Hepatic abscesses are rare and can be pyogenic or amebic. Pyogenic hepatic abscesses are treated with antibiotics, percutaneous drainage when larger than 5 cm, and rarely requires surgical treatment. Clinical and laboratory manifestations of pyogenic hepatic abscesses include fever, abdominal pain, and elevations in liver enzymes. There is little documentation that a pyogenic hepatic abscess can cause acute liver failure. We present a case of a patient who developed acute liver failure secondary to a 14 cm pyogenic liver abscess...

Amebic liver abscesses (ALAs) are the most commonly encountered extraintestinal manifestation of human invasive amebiasis, which results from Entamoeba histolytica ( E. histolytica ) spreading extraintestinally. Amebiasis can be complicated by liver abscess in 9% of cases, and ALAs led to almost 50000 fatalities worldwide in 2010. Although there have been fewer and fewer cases in the past several years, ALAs remain an important public health problem in endemic areas. E. histolytica causes both amebic colitis and liver abscess by breaching the host's innate defenses and invading the intestinal mucosa...

Entamoeba histolytica infections, which can be asymptomatic, are endemic to developing countries; traveling to such countries is a risk factor for contracting these infections. A 65-year-old Japanese man was hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated respiratory distress, and was treated with remdesivir, dexamethasone, and oxygen supplementation. Although his respiratory condition improved and the oxygen support was discontinued, he developed a fever, severe abdominal pain, and diarrhea on day 13 of hospitalization...

Amebiasis is a fecal-oral transmitted parasitic infection caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica, and is generally seen in migrants and travelers of endemic areas. Extraintestinal infection often involves the liver, causing amebic liver abscesses. Twenty to thirty percent of these patients have pleuropulmonary involvement as a complication. The diagnosis is based on clinical, imaging, and serology studies.  A 35-year-old male from New Guinea presented to the emergency department with right upper quadrant pain that radiates to the right shoulder, epigastric pain, and fever...

Entamoeba histolytica is a protozoan parasite that causes amoebic dysentery and amoebic liver abscess in humans, affecting millions of people worldwide. This pathogen possesses a two-stage life cycle consisting of an environmentally stable cyst and a pathogenic amoeboid trophozoite. As cysts can be ingested from contaminated food and water, this parasite is prevalent in underdeveloped countries and poses a significant health burden. Until recently there was no reliable method for inducing stage conversion in E...