keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535967/cancer-invasion-and-anaerobic-bacteria-new-insights-into-mechanisms
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rachel Hurst, Daniel S Brewer, Abraham Gihawi, John Wain, Colin S Cooper
There is growing evidence that altered microbiota abundance of a range of specific anaerobic bacteria are associated with cancer, including Peptoniphilus spp., Porphyromonas spp., Fusobacterium spp., Fenollaria spp., Prevotella spp., Sneathia spp ., Veillonella spp . and Anaerococcus spp. linked to multiple cancer types. In this review we explore these pathogenic associations. The mechanisms by which bacteria are known or predicted to interact with human cells are reviewed and we present an overview of the interlinked mechanisms and hypotheses of how multiple intracellular anaerobic bacterial pathogens may act together to cause host cell and tissue microenvironment changes associated with carcinogenesis and cancer cell invasion...
March 2024: Journal of Medical Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535943/the-influence-of-textile-type-textile-weight-and-detergent-dosage-on-microfiber-emissions-from-top-loading-washing-machines
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pongsiri Julapong, Palot Srichonphaisarn, Thidarat Meekoch, Carlito Baltazar Tabelin, Onchanok Juntarasakul, Theerayut Phengsaart
The use of washing machines to wash textiles gradually breaks down synthetic fibers like polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyester (PES) in diverse clothing materials, a process that is growing in notoriety because it generates microplastics (MPs). In this study, we investigated the emission of microfibers, including both microplastic fibers (MPFs) and natural fibers (MFs), from top-loading washing machines. Our investigation focused on four popular textiles with prevalent weave structures (plain, satin, and twill): (i) PES, (ii) tetron cotton (TC), (iii) chief value cotton (CVC), and (iv) cotton (CO) fabrics...
March 12, 2024: Toxics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535911/behavioral-studies-of-zebrafish-reveal-a-new-perspective-on-the-reproductive-toxicity-of-micro-and-nanoplastics
#23
REVIEW
Baihui Wu, Haiyang Yu, Jia Yi, Pengyu Lei, Jiaxuan He, Jing Ruan, Peiye Xu, Runchao Tao, Libo Jin, Wei Wu, Qinsi Yang, Da Sun, Xiaoqun Zhang
The escalating prevalence of microplastics and nanoplastics in aquatic environments is a major challenge affecting the behavior and reproductive health of aquatic organisms while posing potential risks to human health and ecosystems. This review focuses on the neurobehavioral changes and reproductive toxicity of MNPs in zebrafish and their relationships. At the same time, the neurobehavioral changes caused by MNPs were studied, and the synergistic effects of the interaction of these pollutants with other environmental contaminants were explored...
February 26, 2024: Toxics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535908/associations-between-urinary-mercury-cadmium-concentrations-and-anthropometric-features-in-korean-children
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Min Won Shin, Hyo-Bin Kim, Ahreum Kwon, Mi Jung Park, Shin-Hye Kim
Investigating the impact of urinary mercury and cadmium on anthropometric parameters in Korean children is crucial amid growing concerns about heavy metal exposure and childhood growth. Using data from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (2015-2017), we assessed age- and sex-specific associations of urinary mercury and cadmium with height and body mass index (BMI) z-scores in 1458 children aged 3-5 (n = 571) and 6-11 years (n = 887). Overall, 5.0% had stunted height (3-5 years: 6.9%, 6-11 years: 3...
February 24, 2024: Toxics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535881/vaccine-hesitancy-knowledge-and-covid-19-vaccination-in-a-sample-of-italian-and-albanian-healthcare-students-attending-an-university-in-albania
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ersilia Buonomo, Fabian Cenko, Gaia Piunno, Daniele Di Giovanni, Enkeleda Gjini, Bora Kërpi, Mariachiara Carestia, Stefania Moramarco, Cristiana Ferrari, Luca Coppeta
BACKGROUND: Vaccine hesitancy (VH) has increased over the past decade with large geographical variations between countries, posing a threat to global public health. This phenomenon is growing in the general population as well as among healthcare workers (HCWs), who are the most reliable source of vaccine-related information for patients. Special attention must therefore be paid to medical students, who are the future HCWs. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study (November 2022-January 2023) on all the Albanian and Italian students attending medical science courses at the Catholic University "Our Lady of Good Counsel" (Tirane, Albania) to investigate VH and the factors contributing to it (using the Vaccination Attitude Examination Scale-VAX), including COVID-19 vaccination...
February 29, 2024: Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535850/effect-of-the-season-on-blood-changes-of-oxidative-stress-index-in-the-italian-mediterranean-buffalo-bubalis-bubalis
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giovanna De Matteis, Susana Flores-Villalva, Emanuela Rossi, Maria Chiara La Mantia, Roberto Steri, Vittoria Lucia Barile, David Meo Zilio
Studies in cattle have shown that high temperatures increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing an imbalance between ROS and the ability of antioxidant systems to detoxify and remove the reactive intermediates. As such studies remain limited in buffalo, the effect of temperature on oxidative stress was investigated through the oxidative stress index (OSi). Blood samples were collected from 40 buffaloes over 12 time points distributed over two years (2021, 2022). Samples were taken monthly during the hot and cold seasons...
March 4, 2024: Veterinary Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535844/effect-of-simultaneous-dietary-supplementation-of-betaine-selenomethionine-and-vitamins-e-and-c-under-summer-conditions-in-growing-finishing-pigs
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lotte De Prekel, Dominiek Maes, Alice Van den Broeke, Bart Ampe, Marijke Aluwé
Heat stress in pigs negatively affects welfare, health, and performance. Osmoprotectants and antioxidants may alleviate oxidative damage during hot periods. We investigated whether an additive-enriched feed can reduce negative effects in pigs during summer conditions. Sixty growing-finishing pigs were allocated into two groups: the control (CF) and summer feed (SF) group. The CF group contained 0.4 mg/kg inorganic selenium and 100 ppm vitamin E, while the SF group contained 0.3 mg/kg inorganic selenium, 0.1 mg/kg selenomethionine, 200 ppm vitamins E and C, and 0...
March 1, 2024: Veterinary Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535658/advancing-lithium-battery-performance-through-porous-conductive-polyaniline-modified-graphene-composites-additive
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hao-Tung Lin, Eunice Chuang, Sheng-Chun Lin
This study aimed to enhance lithium battery performance through the utilization of porous conductive polyaniline-modified graphene composites (PMGCs). Given the growing importance of green energy, coupled with the development of lithium-ion battery systems and electric vehicles, achieving high-speed charge and discharge performance is imperative. Traditional approaches involve incorporating additives like carbon nanotubes and graphene into electrodes to improve conductivity, but they encounter challenges related to cost and aggregation issues...
March 12, 2024: Nanomaterials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535636/a-study-of-electroplated-nanoporous-copper-using-aberration-corrected-transmission-electron-microscopy
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jianqiang Wang, Jintao Wang, Ziwen Lv, Luobin Zhang, Fengyi Wang, Hongtao Chen, Mingyu Li
Nanoporous Cu foam is widely applied in many fields such as the packaging of electronic power devices. In this study, a sandwich-structured Cu-Zn eutectic alloy precursor composed of Cu0.53 Zn0.47 /Cu5 Zn8 /Cu0.53 Zn0.47 is prepared through electroplating. The surface layer of the precursor, Cu0.53 Zn0.47 , has a flat surface with numerous grain boundaries, which effectively promotes its dealloying behavior. By contrast, Cu5 Zn8 has a porous structure, which promotes the dealloying behavior at the center of the precursor...
March 8, 2024: Nanomaterials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535618/think-tanks-and-climate-obstruction-atlas-affiliates-in-canada
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicolas Graham
This paper provides a longitudinal social network and content analysis of Canadian think tanks affiliated with the Atlas network, analyzing their efforts to obstruct climate action over the last two decades. Network analysis reveals extensive and deepening board interlocks and joint memberships between these think tanks and the fossil fuel industry, other policy-planning organizations within and beyond Canada, and academic institutions. Consistent with and rooted in network ties, Atlas members produce a large and growing volume of climate-related content, including content that denies the reality and impacts of climate change, promotes and defends the fossil fuel sector, and opposes climate policy and action...
March 27, 2024: Canadian Review of Sociology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535603/obtaining-microbiologically-safe-hatching-eggs-from-hatcheries-using-essential-oils-for-integrated-sanitization-strategies-in-hatching-eggs-poultry-houses-and-poultry
#31
REVIEW
Gabriel da Silva Oliveira, Concepta McManus, Igor Rafael Ribeiro Vale, Vinícius Machado Dos Santos
Essential oils are liquids containing non-toxic compounds that are unfavorable to the growth of microorganisms. They are sold globally at affordable or very high prices, depending on the availability and type of plant, the scale of production, the extraction method, costs associated with logistics and electricity consumption, among other variables. Each year, the quantity of research dedicated to the antimicrobial potential of essential oils in poultry farming is expanding. Researchers consensually relay that this increase is due to the growing resistance of microorganisms to traditional antimicrobials and concerns about the toxicity of these products...
March 18, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535591/antifungal-susceptibility-of-saccharomyces-cerevisiae-isolated-from-clinical-specimens
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aleksandra Górzyńska, Kamila Kondracka, Agnieszka Korzeniowska-Kowal, Urszula Nawrot
(1) Background: Despite being considered a non-pathogenic yeast, recently, a growing occurrence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae infections has been noted. There is little knowledge about the drug susceptibility of this species. Therefore, the objective of this research was to expand it and determine the drug susceptibility profile of a local collection of clinical isolates of this species. (2) Methods: This study contained 55 clinical isolates identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae using the MALDI-TOF method. The susceptibility of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was tested to 10 antifungals (amphotericin B, flucytosine, fluconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, micafungin, anidulafungin, caspofungin, and itraconazole) using MICRONAUT-AT tests and manogepix, a new drug, using the microdilution method according to EUCAST...
March 14, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535407/a-c-type-lectin-rfctl27-activates-the-immune-defense-in-the-red-palm-weevil-rhynchophorus-ferrugineus-a-g-olivier-1791-coleoptera-curculionidae-dryophthorinae-by-the-recognition-of-gram-negative-bacteria
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanru Gong, Yongjian Xia, Zhiping Su, Xinghong Wang, Yishuo Kou, Bing Ma, Youming Hou, Zhanghong Shi
Red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier), is a palm tree insect pest that causes significant damage in the many countries from the Indian sub-continent and southeast Asia into date palm-growing countries of Africa, the Middle East, and the Mediterranean Basin. This study is aimed at determining the role of a C-type lectin, RfCTL27, in the immune defense of RPW larvae. RfCTL27 is a secreted protein that possesses a QPD motif, being integral for the discrimination of Gram-negative bacteria. The abundance of RfCTL27 transcripts in the gut and fat body was significantly higher than that in other tissues...
March 21, 2024: Insects
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535402/odonata-assemblages-in-urban-semi-natural-wetlands
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marina Vilenica, Andreja Brigić, Ana Štih Koren, Toni Koren, Mirela Sertić Perić, Bruno Schmidt, Tomislava Bužan, Sanja Gottstein
As the human population in urban areas is continuously growing, urbanization is one of the greatest threats to biodiversity. To mitigate the negative effects, the inclusion of blue zones (aquatic habitats) in modern urban development practices is strongly recommended, as they could be beneficial for the local biodiversity conservation. Odonata are a flagship group and are widely used in freshwater conservation as ecological indicators of habitat integrity and health. However, our understanding of their ecological requirements in urban landscapes is not yet complete...
March 20, 2024: Insects
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535391/limited-differences-in-insect-herbivory-on-young-white-spruce-growing-in-small-open-plantations-and-under-natural-canopies-in-boreal-mixed-forests
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Allison Pamela Yataco, Sabina Noor, Miguel Montoro Girona, Timothy Work, Emma Despland
In managed boreal forests, both plantations and natural regeneration are used to re-establish a cohort of conifer trees following harvest or disturbance. Young trees in open plantations generally grow more rapidly than under forest canopies, but more rapid growth could be compromised by greater insect damage. We compared insect damage on white spruce ( Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, Pinaceae) growing in plantations with naturally regenerated trees under mature forest canopies in boreal forests (Québec, Canada)...
March 15, 2024: Insects
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535359/fatty-acid-profile-and-escherichia-coli-and-salmonella-sp-load-of-wild-caught-seaweed-fly-fucellia-maritima-haliday-1838-diptera-anthomyiidae
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Felipe Lourenço, Ricardo Calado, Marisa Pinho, Maria Rosário Domingues, Isabel Medina, Olga M C C Ameixa
World aquaculture is expected to continue to grow over the next few decades, which amplifies the need for a higher production of sustainable feed ingredients for aquatic animals. Insects are considered good candidates for aquafeed ingredients because of their ability to convert food waste into highly nutritional biomass. However, commercially available terrestrial insect species lack n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), which are essential biomolecules for marine cultured species. Nevertheless, several coastal insect species feature LC-PUFAs in their natural fatty acid (FA) profile...
February 28, 2024: Insects
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535269/shear-stress-quantification-in-tissue-engineering-bioreactor-heart-valves-a-computational-approach
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Raj Dave, Giulia Luraghi, Leslie Sierad, Francesco Migliavacca, Ethan Kung
Tissue-engineered heart valves can grow, repair, and remodel after implantation, presenting a more favorable long-term solution compared to mechanical and porcine valves. Achieving functional engineered valve tissue requires the maturation of human cells seeded onto valve scaffolds under favorable growth conditions in bioreactors. The mechanical stress and strain on developing valve tissue caused by different pressure and flow conditions in bioreactors are currently unknown. The aim of this study is to quantify the wall shear stress (WSS) magnitude in heart valve prostheses under different valve geometries and bioreactor flow rates...
March 20, 2024: Journal of Functional Biomaterials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535250/characterization-and-in-vitro-evaluation-of-porous-polymer-blended-scaffolds-functionalized-with-tricalcium-phosphate
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Iwona Pudełko-Prażuch, Mareeswari Balasubramanian, Sundara Moorthi Ganesan, Stanisław Marecik, Kamila Walczak, Kinga Pielichowska, Suvro Chatterjee, Ravichandran Kandaswamy, Elżbieta Pamuła
Bone tissue is one of the most transplanted tissues. The ageing population and bone diseases are the main causes of the growing need for novel treatments offered by bone tissue engineering. Three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds, as artificial structures that fulfil certain characteristics, can be used as a temporary matrix for bone regeneration. In this study, we aimed to fabricate 3D porous polymer scaffolds functionalized with tricalcium phosphate (TCP) particles for applications in bone tissue regeneration. Different combinations of poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG with molecular weight of 600 or 2000 Da) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) with TCP were blended by a gel-casting method combined with rapid heating...
February 26, 2024: Journal of Functional Biomaterials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535247/active-and-passive-mineralization-of-bio-gide-%C3%A2-membranes-in-rat-calvaria-defects
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karol Ali Apaza Alccayhuaman, Patrick Heimel, Stefan Tangl, Stefan Lettner, Carina Kampleitner, Layla Panahipour, Ulrike Kuchler, Reinhard Gruber
Bio-Gide® is a collagen membrane routinely used in guided bone regeneration. Recent studies have shown that this collagen membrane has osteoconductive properties, meaning that it can support the growth of new bone. However, it has also been observed that the collagen membrane has areas of mineralized fibers which can occur spontaneously and independently of osteoblasts. To better understand how this works, we established a model using minced collagen membranes to reduce the active mineralization of intact collagen membranes in favor of passive mineralization...
February 21, 2024: Journal of Functional Biomaterials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535246/polycarbonate-based-copolymer-micelles-as-biodegradable-carriers-of-anticancer-podophyllotoxin-or-juniper-extracts
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Radostina G Kalinova, Ivaylo V Dimitrov, Diana I Ivanova, Yana E Ilieva, Alexander N Tashev, Maya M Zaharieva, George Angelov, Hristo M Najdenski
Podophyllotoxin (PPT) is used in the industrial production of efficient anticancer, antiviral and other drugs. Sinopodophyllum hexandrum or Podophyllum peltatum are natural sources of PPT, but at present they are considered as endangered species. Their PPT content is variable, depending on the growing conditions. Searching for new sources of PPT, some representatives of the genus Juniperus were found to exhibit efficient PPT biosynthesis. However, PPT is highly toxic and poorly soluble in water compound, which limits its clinical applications...
February 21, 2024: Journal of Functional Biomaterials
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