PQQ AND mitochondria biogenesis

BACKGROUND: DNA damage and oxidative stress induced by chemotherapy are important factors in the onset of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). Studies have shown that mitochondria derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-Mito) are beneficial for age-related diseases, but their efficacy alone is limited. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a potent antioxidant with significant antiaging and fertility enhancement effects. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of MSC-Mito in combination with PQQ on POI and the underlying mechanisms involved...

Retinal ganglion cells are highly metabolically active requiring strictly regulated metabolism and functional mitochondria to keep ATP levels in physiological range. Imbalances in metabolism and mitochondrial mechanisms can be sufficient to induce a depletion of ATP, thus altering retinal ganglion cell viability and increasing cell susceptibility to death under stress. Altered metabolism and mitochondrial abnormalities have been demonstrated early in many optic neuropathies, including glaucoma, autosomal dominant optic atrophy, and Leber hereditary optic neuropathy...

Gentamicin (GM) is one of the commonly used antibiotics in the aminoglycoside class but is ototoxic, which constantly impacts the quality of human life. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) as a redox cofactor produced by bacteria was found in soil and foods that exert an antioxidant and redox modulator. It is well documented that the PQQ can alleviate inflammatory responses and cytotoxicity. However, our understanding of PQQ in ototoxicity remains unclear. We reported that PQQ could protect against GM-induced ototoxicity in House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1 (HEI-OC1) cells in vitro...

Aims: Aerobic exercise typically enhances endurance across vertebrates so that chronically high energy demands can be met. Some known mechanisms of doing this include increases in red blood cell numbers, angiogenesis, muscle fiber adaptions, mitochondria biogenesis, and changes to cellular metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. We used green anole lizards ( Anolis carolinensis ) to test for an effect of aerobic exercise on metabolism, mitochondria densities, and mitochondrial function. Methods: We first tested the response of green anoles to endurance training and pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) supplementation, which has been shown to increase mitochondria biogenesis...

Alkylating agents (AAs) that are commonly used for cancer therapy cause great damage to the ovary. Pyrroloquinoline-quinine (PQQ), which was initially identified as a redox cofactor for bacterial dehydrogenases, has been demonstrated to benefit the fertility of females. The aim of this study was to investigate whether PQQ dietary supplementation plays a protective role against alkylating agent-induced ovarian dysfunction. A single dose of busulphan (20 mg/kg) and cyclophosphamide (CTX, 120 mg/kg) were used to establish a mouse model of ovarian dysfunction...

Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered to be one of the important pathogenesis in Parkinson's disease (PD). We previously showed that pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) could protect SH-SY5Y cells and dopaminergic neurons from cytotoxicity and prevent mitochondrial dysfunction in rotenone-induced PD models. In the present study we investigated the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of PQQ in a mouse PD model, which was established by intraperitoneal injection of rotenone (3 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 , ip) for 3 weeks...

BACKGROUND: Myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction is the leading cause of chronic heart failure (CHF). Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, disruption of mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial Ca2+ ([Ca2+ ]m) homeostasis and reduction of the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) cause myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, treating CHF by targeting mitochondrial function is a focus of current research. For the first time, this study investigated the effects of the strong antioxidant pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) on mitochondrial function in a cardiac pressure overload model, and the mechanism by which PQQ regulates [Ca2+ ]m homeostasis was explored in depth...

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness among the elderly. Currently, there are no treatments for dry AMD, which is characterized by the death of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors. Reports from human donors with AMD suggest that RPE mitochondrial defects are a key event in AMD pathology. Thus, the most effective strategy for treating dry AMD is to identify compounds that enhance mitochondrial function and subsequently, preserve the RPE. In this study, primary cultures of RPE from human donors with (n = 20) or without (n = 8) AMD were used to evaluate compounds that are designed to protect mitochondria from oxidative damage (N-acetyl-l-cysteine; NAC), remove damaged mitochondria (Rapamycin), increase mitochondrial biogenesis (Pyrroloquinoline quinone; PQQ), and improve oxidative phosphorylation (Nicotinamide mononucleotide, NMN)...

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a redox cofactor in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, has been reported to protect SH-SY5Y cells from cytotoxicity induced by rotenone, a mitochondrial complex I inhibitor. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mitochondrial mechanisms involved in the neuroprotection of PQQ both in vitro and in vivo. The cultured human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were exposed to different concentrations of PQQ after which the cells were treated with rotenone. Electron microscopy images showed that PQQ could prevent the mitochondrial morphology damage...

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is linked to oxidative stress, altered amyloid precursor protein (APP) proteolysis, tau hyperphosphorylation and the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT). A growing body of evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction can be a key promoter of all of these pathologies and predicts that restoration of mitochondrial function might be a potential therapeutic strategy for AD. Therefore, in the present study, we tested the beneficial effect of a nutraceutical formulation Nutrastem II (Nutra II), containing NT020 (a mitochondrial restorative and antioxidant proprietary formulation) and pyrroloquinolinequinone (PQQ, a stimulator of mitochondria biogenesis) in 5XFAD transgenic mice...

BACKGROUND: Ageing involves oxidative stress mediated by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and mitochondrial dysfunction. The present work demonstrates the protective effect of PQQ producing EcN against rotenone induced mitochondrial oxidative stress and consequence of mitochondrial and cellular dysfunction in naturally ageing rat model. PQQ is a potent antioxidant molecule also known to stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis and function in mammals. METHODS: Firstly, adult rats (16-18 weeks old) were treated with rotenone (2...

Bioactive compounds reported to stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis are linked to many health benefits such increased longevity, improved energy utilization, and protection from reactive oxygen species. Previously studies have shown that mice and rats fed diets lacking in pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) have reduced mitochondrial content. Therefore, we hypothesized that PQQ can induce mitochondrial biogenesis in mouse hepatocytes. Exposure of mouse Hepa1-6 cells to 10-30 microm PQQ for 24-48 h resulted in increased citrate synthase and cytochrome c oxidase activity, Mitotracker staining, mitochondrial DNA content, and cellular oxygen respiration...