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https://read.qxmd.com/read/38132865/once-upon-a-time-oral-microbiota-a-cinderella-or-a-protagonist-in-autism-spectrum-disorder
#1
REVIEW
Michele Mussap, Paola Beretta, Elena Esposito, Vassilios Fanos
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder evolving over the lifetime of individuals. The oral and gut microbial ecosystems are closely connected to each other and the brain and are potentially involved in neurodevelopmental diseases. This narrative review aims to identify all the available evidence emerging from observational studies focused on the role of the oral microbiome in ASD. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and the Cochrane Library for relevant studies published over the last ten years...
December 5, 2023: Metabolites
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38107532/shielding-effect-of-ryanodine-receptor-modulator-in-rat-model-of-autism
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hariom Kumar, G T Kulkarni, Vishal Diwan, Bhupesh Sharma
INTRODUCTION: A neurodevelopmental disorder, autism is typically identified with three primary behavioral consequences, such as social impairment, communication problems, and limited or stereotypical behavior. Because of its co-morbidity and lack of therapeutic options, autism is a global economic burden. A short chain of fatty acid, propionic acid is formed biologically by the gut microbiome. Propionic acid levels that are too high can cause leaky intestines, which can lead to autism-like symptoms...
2023: Basic and Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37693595/translocation-of-gut-commensal-bacteria-to-the-brain
#3
Manoj Thapa, Anuradha Kumari, Chui-Yoke Chin, Jacob E Choby, Fengzhi Jin, Bikash Bogati, Daniel M Chopyk, Nitya Koduri, Andrew Pahnke, Elizabeth J Elrod, Eileen M Burd, David S Weiss, Arash Grakoui
The gut-brain axis, a bidirectional signaling network between the intestine and the central nervous system, is crucial to the regulation of host physiology and inflammation. Recent advances suggest a strong correlation between gut dysbiosis and neurological diseases, however, relatively little is known about how gut bacteria impact the brain. Here, we reveal that gut commensal bacteria can translocate directly to the brain when mice are fed an altered diet that causes dysbiosis and intestinal permeability, and that this also occurs without diet alteration in distinct murine models of neurological disease...
September 1, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37232743/influence-of-auditory-integrative-training-on-casein-kinase-2-and-its-impact-on-behavioral-and-social-interaction-in-children-with-autism-spectrum-disorder
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laila Al-Ayadhi, Ramesa Shafi Bhat, Farah Ali Alghamdi, Abdulmalik S Alhadlaq, Afaf El-Ansary
Considerable disturbances in post-translational protein phosphorylation have recently been discovered in multiple neurological disorders. Casein kinase-2 (CK2) is a tetrameric Ser/Thr protein kinase that phosphorylates a large number of substrates and contributes in several cellular physiological and pathological processes. CK2 is highly expressed in the mammalian brain and catalyzes the phosphorylation of a large number of substrates that are crucial in neuronal or glial homeostasis and inflammatory signaling processes across synapses...
May 15, 2023: Current Issues in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37110206/bee-pollen-and-probiotics-potential-to-protect-and-treat-intestinal-permeability-in-propionic-acid-induced-rodent-model-of-autism
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mona Alonazi, Abir Ben Bacha, Mona G Alharbi, Arwa Ishaq A Khayyat, Laila Al-Ayadhi, Afaf El-Ansary
Rodent models may help investigations on the possible link between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and gut microbiota since autistic patients frequently manifested gastrointestinal troubles as co-morbidities. Thirty young male rats were divided into five groups: Group 1 serves as control; Group 2, bee pollen and probiotic-treated; and Group 3, propionic acid (PPA)-induced rodent model of autism; Group 4 and Group 5, the protective and therapeutic groups were given bee pollen and probiotic combination treatment either before or after the neurotoxic dose of PPA, respectively...
April 12, 2023: Metabolites
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37049461/intestinal-barrier-dysfunction-and-microbiota-gut-brain-axis-possible-implications-in-the-pathogenesis-and-treatment-of-autism-spectrum-disorder
#6
REVIEW
Vanessa Nadia Dargenio, Costantino Dargenio, Stefania Castellaneta, Andrea De Giacomo, Marianna Laguardia, Federico Schettini, Ruggiero Francavilla, Fernanda Cristofori
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with multifactorial etiology, characterized by impairment in two main functional areas: (1) communication and social interactions, and (2) skills, interests and activities. ASD patients often suffer from gastrointestinal symptoms associated with dysbiotic states and a "leaky gut." A key role in the pathogenesis of ASD has been attributed to the gut microbiota, as it influences central nervous system development and neuropsychological and gastrointestinal homeostasis through the microbiota-gut-brain axis...
March 27, 2023: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36528850/leaky-gut-plays-a-critical-role-in-the-pathophysiology-of-autism-in-mice-by-activating-the-lipopolysaccharide-mediated-toll-like-receptor-4-myeloid-differentiation-factor-88-nuclear-factor-kappa-b-signaling-pathway
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fang Li, Haoran Ke, Siqi Wang, Wei Mao, Cexiong Fu, Xi Chen, Qingqing Fu, Xiaori Qin, Yonghua Huang, Bidan Li, Shibing Li, Jingying Xing, Minhui Wang, Wenlin Deng
Increased intestinal barrier permeability, leaky gut, has been reported in patients with autism. However, its contribution to the development of autism has not been determined. We selected dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to disrupt and metformin to repair the intestinal barrier in BTBR T+ tf/J autistic mice to test this hypothesis. DSS treatment resulted in a decreased affinity for social proximity; however, autistic behaviors in mice were improved after the administration of metformin. We found an increased affinity for social proximity/social memory and decreased repetitive and anxiety-related behaviors...
December 18, 2022: Neuroscience Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36361859/amelioration-of-maternal-immune-activation-induced-autism-relevant-behaviors-by-gut-commensal-parabacteroides-goldsteinii
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tzu-Lung Lin, Cha-Chen Lu, Ting-Wen Chen, Chih-Wei Huang, Jang-Jih Lu, Wei-Fan Lai, Ting-Shu Wu, Chih-Ho Lai, Hsin-Chih Lai, Ya-Lei Chen
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by cognitive inflexibility and social deficits. Probiotics have been demonstrated to play a promising role in managing the severity of ASD. However, there are no effective probiotics for clinical use. Identifying new probiotic strains for ameliorating ASD is therefore essential. Using the maternal immune activation (MIA)-based offspring ASD-like mouse model, a probiotic-based intervention strategy was examined in female mice. The gut commensal microbe Parabacteroides goldsteinii MTS01, which was previously demonstrated to exert multiple beneficial effects on chronic inflammation-related-diseases, was evaluated...
October 28, 2022: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35839845/oxytocin-acts-centrally-in-the-brain-to-improve-leaky-gut-through-the-vagus-nerve-and-a-cannabinoid-signaling-in-rats
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Toshikatsu Okumura, Tsukasa Nozu, Masatomo Ishioh, Sho Igarashi, Takuya Funayama, Shima Kumei, Masumi Ohhira
Brain oxytocin plays a role in gastrointestinal functions. Among them, oxytocin acts centrally to modulate gastrointestinal motility and visceral sensation. Intestinal barrier function, one of important gut functions, is also regulated by the central nervous system. Little is, however, known about a role of central oxytocin in the regulation of intestinal barrier function. The present study was performed to clarify whether brain oxytocin is also involved in regulation of intestinal barrier function and its mechanism...
October 1, 2022: Physiology & Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35807841/overlapping-mechanisms-of-action-of-brain-active-bacteria-and-bacterial-metabolites-in-the-pathogenesis-of-common-brain-diseases
#10
REVIEW
Tanja Patricia Eicher, M Hasan Mohajeri
The involvement of the gut microbiota and the metabolites of colon-residing bacteria in brain disease pathogenesis has been covered in a growing number of studies, but comparative literature is scarce. To fill this gap, we explored the contribution of the microbiota-gut-brain axis to the pathophysiology of seven brain-related diseases (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, major depressive disorder, and bipolar disorder)...
June 27, 2022: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35807840/food-selectivity-and-its-implications-associated-with-gastrointestinal-disorders-in-children-with-autism-spectrum-disorders
#11
REVIEW
Angel F Valenzuela-Zamora, David G Ramírez-Valenzuela, Arnulfo Ramos-Jiménez
Food selectivity (FS) in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is common, and its impact on a nutritional level is known. However, the etiology of gastrointestinal disorders (GID) related to alterations in the intestinal microbiota in children with ASD remains unclear. This article provides a narrative review of the literature on FS from the last 15 years, and its relationship with GID in children with ASD. Sensory aversion in ASD leads to food elimination, based on consistencies, preferences, and other sensory issues...
June 27, 2022: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35733303/microbiota-gut-brain-axis-in-neurological-disorders-from-leaky-barriers-microanatomical-changes-to-biochemical-processes
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Irene Neri, Elisa Boschetti, Matilde Yung Follo, Roberto De Giorgio, Lucio Cocco, Lucia Manzoli, Stefano Ratti
BACKGROUND: The gastrointestinal tract and the Central Nervous System are distinct because of evident morpho-functional features. Nonetheless, evidence indicates that these systems are bidirectionally connected through the gut-brain axis, defined as the signaling that takes place between the gastrointestinal tract and Central Nervous System, which plays in concert with the gut microbiota, i.e. the myriad of microorganisms residing in the lumen of the human intestine. In particular, it has been described that gut microbiota abnormalities, referred to as dysbiosis, may affect both Central Nervous System development and physiology...
June 22, 2022: Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35441922/determinants-of-leaky-gut-and-gut-microbiota-differences-in-children-with-autism-spectrum-disorder-and-their-siblings
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gülsüm Yitik Tonkaz, Ibrahim Selçuk Esin, Bahadir Turan, Hakan Uslu, Onur Burak Dursun
Leaky gut hypothesis is one of the well-known theory which tries to explain etiology of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Unfortunately there is still a gap of evidence to investigate the corner points of the hypothesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the determinants of leaky gut in children with ASD, their siblings and healthy controls. Intestinal microbiota was found to be similar between ASD and sibling groups. Biological markers of bacterial translocation showed a significant difference in the sibling group, whereas the marker indicating local inflammation was not different between the groups...
April 20, 2022: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34517895/the-use-of-biomarkers-associated-with-leaky-gut-as-a-diagnostic-tool-for-early-intervention-in-autism-spectrum-disorder-a-systematic-review
#14
REVIEW
Laila Al-Ayadhi, Naima Zayed, Ramesa Shafi Bhat, Nadine M S Moubayed, May N Al-Muammar, Afaf El-Ansary
BACKGROUND: Innovative research highlighted the probable connection between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and gut microbiota as many autistic individuals have gastrointestinal problems as co-morbidities. This review emphasizes the role of altered gut microbiota observed frequently in autistic patients, and the mechanisms through which such alterations may trigger leaky gut. MAIN BODY: Different bacterial metabolite levels in the blood and urine of autistic children, such as short-chain fatty acids, lipopolysaccharides, beta-cresol, and bacterial toxins, were reviewed...
September 13, 2021: Gut Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33846604/does-the-epithelial-barrier-hypothesis-explain-the-increase-in-allergy-autoimmunity-and-other-chronic-conditions
#15
REVIEW
Cezmi A Akdis
There has been a steep increase in allergic and autoimmune diseases, reaching epidemic proportions and now affecting more than one billion people worldwide. These diseases are more common in industrialized countries, and their prevalence continues to rise in developing countries in parallel to urbanization and industrialization. Intact skin and mucosal barriers are crucial for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis as they protect host tissues from infections, environmental toxins, pollutants and allergens. A defective epithelial barrier has been demonstrated in allergic and autoimmune conditions such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, coeliac disease and inflammatory bowel disease...
November 2021: Nature Reviews. Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33514916/disorders-of-the-enteric-nervous-system-a-holistic-view
#16
REVIEW
Beate Niesler, Stefanie Kuerten, I Ekin Demir, Karl-Herbert Schäfer
The enteric nervous system (ENS) is the largest division of the peripheral nervous system and closely resembles components and functions of the central nervous system. Although the central role of the ENS in congenital enteric neuropathic disorders, including Hirschsprung disease and inflammatory and functional bowel diseases, is well acknowledged, its role in systemic diseases is less understood. Evidence of a disordered ENS has accumulated in neurodegenerative diseases ranging from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer disease and multiple sclerosis to Parkinson disease as well as neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism...
June 2021: Nature Reviews. Gastroenterology & Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32456229/the-role-of-the-microbiota-gut-brain-axis-and-antibiotics-in-als-and-neurodegenerative-diseases
#17
REVIEW
Mark Obrenovich, Hayden Jaworski, Tara Tadimalla, Adil Mistry, Lorraine Sykes, George Perry, Robert A Bonomo
: The human gut hosts a wide and diverse ecosystem of microorganisms termed the microbiota, which line the walls of the digestive tract and colon where they co-metabolize digestible and indigestible food to contribute a plethora of biochemical compounds with diverse biological functions. The influence gut microbes have on neurological processes is largely yet unexplored. However, recent data regarding the so-called leaky gut, leaky brain syndrome suggests a potential link between the gut microbiota, inflammation and host co-metabolism that may affect neuropathology both locally and distally from sites where microorganisms are found...
May 23, 2020: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32203845/controversies-over-human-health-and-ecological-impacts-of-glyphosate-is-it-to-be-banned-in-modern-agriculture
#18
REVIEW
Islam Md Meftaul, Kadiyala Venkateswarlu, Rajarathnam Dharmarajan, Prasath Annamalai, Md Asaduzzaman, Aney Parven, Mallavarapu Megharaj
Glyphosate, introduced by Monsanto Company under the commercial name Roundup in 1974, became the extensively used herbicide worldwide in the last few decades. Glyphosate has excellent properties of fast sorption in soil, biodegradation and less toxicity to nontarget organisms. However, glyphosate has been reported to increase the risk of cancer, endocrine-disruption, celiac disease, autism, effect on erythrocytes, leaky-gut syndrome, etc. The reclassification of glyphosate in 2015 as 'probably carcinogenic' under Group 2A by the International Agency for Research on Cancer has been broadly circulated by anti-chemical and environmental advocacy groups claiming for restricted use or ban of glyphosate...
August 2020: Environmental Pollution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31613980/-the-role-of-gut-microbiota-in-autism-spectrum-disorder
#19
REVIEW
Burcu Ersöz Alan, Fulya Gülerman
Human microbiota are colonies of microorganisms located in different parts of the human body with diverse functions. Healthy gut microbiota comprises differing ratios of microoganisms wholly contributing to metabolic and other molecular reactions in a healthy, functioning body. After the demonstration of the bidirectional interaction between the central nervous system and gut microbiota through neuroendocrine, neuroimmune, and autonomic nervous mechanisms, investigations have been started on the microbiota-gut-brain axis in psychiatric disorders...
2019: Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, Turkish Journal of Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31173944/a-cellular-automaton-model-to-find-the-risk-of-developing-autism-through-gut-mediated-effects
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
K Nagaraju, K S Sudeep, M P Kurhekar
BACKGROUND: One of the risk factors for the development of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is hypothesized to be an imbalance in the gut microbiome. Alterations in the relative numbers of gut microbiota may contribute to such a disruption in normal bacterial diversity. It is assumed that this process may be adequately mirrored for the purpose of the current paper by modeling the dynamic shifts in the numbers of three bacterial species, namely Clostridium, Desulfovibrio, and Bifidobacterium...
July 2019: Computers in Biology and Medicine
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