Katz index

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the Fatigue Self-Management Program based on the Individual and Family Self-Management Theory on fatigue, daily living activities, and well-being in cancer patients. METHODS: This randomized controlled single-blind experimental study was carried out between November 2020 and April 2022. A total of 94 patients with advanced cancer, 47 in each group, were included in the study, and 57 participants completed the study...

Objectives: Pressure-Enabled Drug Delivery (PEDD), a method using pressure to advance catheter-delivered drug distribution, can improve treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver metastases, but real-world evidence is limited. We compared baseline patient characteristics, clinical complexity, and post-procedure healthcare resource utilization (HRUs) and clinical complications for PEDD and non-PEDD procedures. Methods: This study used a retrospective, longitudinal, cohort design of claims data from Clarivate's Real World Data Repository, which includes 98% of US payers with over 300 million unique patients from all US states...

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by repetitive head impacts (RHI) and pathologically defined as neuronal phosphorylated tau aggregates around small blood vessels and concentrated at sulcal depths. Cross-sectional studies suggest that tau inclusions follow a stereotyped pattern that begins in the neocortex in low stage disease, followed by involvement of the medial temporal lobe and subcortical regions with significant neocortical burden in high stage CTE. Here, we define a subset of brain donors with high stage CTE and with a low overall cortical burden of tau inclusions (mean semiquantitative value ≤1) and classify them as cortical-sparing CTE (CSCTE)...

BACKGROUND: Modern radiotherapy is associated with dermatitis (RD) in approximately one-third of patients treated for breast cancer. There is currently no standard for treating RD. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine whether LUT014, a topical BRAF inhibitor which paradoxically activates mitogen-activated protein kinase, can safely improve RD. METHODS: A phase I/II study was designed to first follow a small cohort of women with grade 2 RD regarding toxicity and response...

BACKGROUND: The Cognitive Change Index (CCI) is a widely-used measure of self-perceived cognitive ability and change. Unfortunately, it is unclear if the CCI predicts future cognitive and clinical decline. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated baseline CCI to predict transition from normal cognition to cognitive impairment in nondemented older adults and in predementia groups including, subjective cognitive decline, motoric cognitive risk syndrome, and mild cognitive impairment...

BACKGROUND: There are limited data on how patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) die. METHODS: CCCTN is a research network of cardiac intensive care units coordinated by the TIMI Study Group (Boston, MA). Using standardized definitions, site investigators classified direct modes of in-hospital death for CS admissions (10/2021-09/2022). Mutually exclusive categories included 4 modes of cardiovascular death and 4 modes of non-cardiovascular death. Subgroups defined by CS type, preceding cardiac arrest (CA), use of temporary mechanical circulatory support (tMCS), and transition to comfort measures were evaluated...

BACKGROUND: Although deficits in facial emotion recognition (FER) significantly affect interpersonal communication and social functioning, there is no consensus on how FER affects Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical and neuropsychological factors affecting the possible deficits in the FER abilities of patients with AD. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 37 patients with mild [clinical dementia rating (CDR) scale score = 1] or moderate (CDR = 2) AD, in whom vascular dementia and depression were excluded, and 24 cognitively normal (CDR = 0) subjects...

INTRODUCTION: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a debilitating illness that impairs an individual's physical and social functioning and ultimately affects the quality of life (QOL). AIM: To determine the impact of psychiatric comorbidity on QOL and activities of daily living in individuals suffering from CKD undergoing hemodialysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty subjects suffering from CKD undergoing hemodialysis were consequently enrolled in the department of medicine...

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization recommends the use of Schisto point-of-care circulating cathodic antigens (Schisto POC-CCA) for screening of Schistosoma mansoni as it offers better sensitivity than microscopy. However, there are limitation facing the use of this method including timely availability of the test cassettes. The aim of this study was to determine the reliability of dried urine spot (DUS) method for collection of urine and detection of S. mansoni using Schisto POC-CCA cassettes in a resource-limited settings...

BACKGROUND: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are gaining favor in clinical and research settings given their ability to capture a patient's symptom burden, functional status, and quality of life. Our objective in this systematic review was to summarize studies including PROMs assessed among older adults (age ≥ 65 years) after seeking emergency care. METHODS: With the assistance of a medical librarian, we searched Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science-Core Collection, and Cochrane CENTRAL from inception through June 2023 for studies in which older adult ED patients had PROMs assessed in the post-emergency care time period...

BACKGROUND: The increasing elderly population makes frailty an increasing concern in society with vulnerability to stress and functional decline. Unrecognised comorbidities are common among the elderly due to lack of mention by the patients. Physicians should be equipped with effective interviewing skills along with the use of screening tools to assess any impairments in activities of daily living, cognition and signs of depression. OBJECTIVES: To measure the degree of independence or dependence using scales and stratify patients based on Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) so as to recommend it as a routinely usable tool...

INTRODUCTION: Prostate mpMRI was introduced in 2011 as a secondary test and subsequently integrated into a prostate cancer (PCa) diagnostics unit representing a population of approximately 550,000 people. The following represents an audit of its step-wise introduction between 2 index years, 2009 and 2018, focusing on the activity, patient outcomes and economic benefits. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The 2 distinct years were selected for relying on a transrectal ultrasound biopsy pathway in 2009 to an mpMRI-based pathway in 2018...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Tenecteplase is increasingly being used as a first-line treatment for acute ischemic stroke after several randomized studies demonstrated its safety and efficacy, resulting in a massive increase in the number of published studies on this topic. Our aim was to investigate the most impactful authors and relevant journals that have been instrumental in validating this treatment, in hopes of identifying objective research trends that may assist scientists, health organizations, and funding agencies to collaborate and plan future avenues of research...

BACKGROUND: Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome (MCR) is a predementia condition that combines slow gait speed and subjective cognitive concerns (SCC). The SCC criterion is presently unstandardized, possibly limiting risk detection. We sought to: 1. Characterize SCC practices through MCR literature review; 2. Investigate the ability of SCC in slow gait individuals in predicting the likelihood of cognitive impairment in a demographically diverse sample of community-dwelling, non-demented older adults...

BACKGROUND: Traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES) is defined as the clinical manifestation of the neuropathological entity chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). A core feature of TES is neurobehavioral dysregulation (NBD), a neuropsychiatric syndrome in repetitive head impact (RHI)-exposed individuals, characterized by a poor regulation of emotions/behavior. To discover biological correlates for NBD, we investigated the association between biomarkers of inflammation (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and NBD symptoms in former American football players and unexposed individuals...

IMPORTANCE: Inpatient exercise interventions may prevent, at least partly, hospital-associated disability (HAD) in older adults, but whether they also confer clinical benefits in the months following discharge is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of exercise and health education with HAD incidence in hospitalized older adults receiving acute hospital care at discharge and 3 months later. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This single-center open-label, nonrandomized controlled clinical trial included patients aged 75 years or older seen at an acute care for elders unit at a tertiary public hospital in Madrid, Spain, from May 1, 2018, to June 30, 2022...

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic led to numerous challenges for child protection professionals (CPPs). However, limited research has investigated the interwoven concepts of coping, resilience, and mental distress among CPPs during COVID-19 on a global scale. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore CPPs' practice, resilience, and mental distress during COVID-19, the relationship between their resilience and mental distress, the global stability of the Multi-System Model of Resilience (MSMR), and how CPPs' resilience varied according to the Human Development Index (HDI)...

BACKGROUND: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) accumulation. The clinical features associated with CTE pathology are unclear. In brain donors with autopsy-confirmed CTE, we investigated the association of CTE p-tau pathology density and location with cognitive, functional, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. METHODS: In 364 brain donors with autopsy confirmed CTE, semi-quantitative p-tau severity (range: 0-3) was assessed in 10 cortical and subcortical regions...

PURPOSE: Lifestyle medicine interventions combining physical, nutritional, and psychological components have been found effective in general older population. However, evidence from the long-term care (LTC) is scarce. METHODS: We conducted a pragmatic, two-arm, parallel group, superiority randomized controlled trial. Residents living in a LTC facility for one or more years, able to discern and to express informed consent, and requiring nursing care were considered eligible...

BACKGROUND: Stroke is one of the most common causes of disability. Stroke survivors may have a wide variety of sensorimotor, cognitive, perceptual, and behavioral dysfunctions. The majority of long-term care for stroke survivors in residential settings is provided by informal caregivers, such as family members. This study was conducted to assess the burden of caregiving on caregivers of stroke survivors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted by the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation in a tertiary care institute in Western India...