keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38138037/roles-of-hcp2-a-hallmark-of-t6ss2-in-motility-adhesive-capacity-and-pathogenicity-of-vibrio-alginolyticus
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuilong Wu, Jufen Tang, Bei Wang, Jia Cai, Jichang Jian
The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a large secretory device, widely found in Gram-negative bacteria, which plays important roles in virulence, bacterial competition, and environmental adaptation. Vibrio alginolyticus ( V. alginolyticus ) is an opportunistic pathogen that causes vibriosis in aquaculture animals. V. alginolyticus possesses two type VI secretion systems (named the T6SS1 and T6SS2), but their functions remain largely unclear. In this paper, the roles of the core component of the T6SS2 cluster of V...
November 30, 2023: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37503052/flagellar-motor-remodeling-during-swarming-requires-flil
#2
Jonathan D Partridge, Yann Dufour, YuneSahng Hwang, Rasika M Harshey
FliL is an essential component of the flagellar machinery in some bacteria, but a conditional one in others. The conditional role is for optimal swarming in some bacteria. During swarming, physical forces associated with movement on a surface are expected to exert a higher load on the flagellum, requiring more motor torque to move. Bacterial physiology and morphology are also altered during swarming to cope with the challenges of surface navigation. FliL was reported to enhance motor output in several bacteria and observed to assemble as a ring around ion-conducting stators that power the motor...
July 14, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37275139/-bradyrhizobium-diazoefficiens-usda-110-displays-plasticity-in-the-attachment-phenotype-when-grown-in-different-soybean-root-exudate-compounds
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Armaan Kaur Sandhu, McKenzie Rae Brown, Senthil Subramanian, Volker S Brözel
INTRODUCTION: Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens , a symbiotic nitrogen fixer for soybean, forms nodules after developing a symbiotic association with the root. For this association, bacteria need to move toward and attach to the root. These steps are mediated by the surface and phenotypic cell properties of bacteria and secreted root exudate compounds. Immense work has been carried out on nodule formation and nitrogen fixation, but little is known about the phenotype of these microorganisms under the influence of different root exudate chemical compounds (RECCs) or how this phenotype impacts the root attachment ability...
2023: Frontiers in Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36853439/biological-characteristics-of-listeria-monocytogenes-following-deletion-of-tatd-like-protein-gene
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chuan Yu, Hefan Dong, Qi Li, Xiaoli Wang, Fuchao Mao, Man Qian, Junhui Niu, Xiangchao Cheng, Chengshui Liao
TatD is the subunit of the twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway. Members of TatD family are multifunctional, conserved and widely presented proteins in most prokaryotes. It has been reported that Tat can affect bacterial motility in some bacteria. This study was conducted to determine the contribution of the TatD protein (herein named LmTatD) to the regulation of flagella in Listeria monocytogenes. We constructed an LmTatD gene mutant in L. monocytogenes strain 10403 s and evaluated its biological characteristics...
February 28, 2023: Current Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36270034/widespread-bacterial-responses-and-their-mechanism-of-bacterial-metallogenic-detoxification-under-high-concentrations-of-heavy-metals
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaofang Li, Menglin Sun, Luting Zhang, Roger D Finlay, Renlu Liu, Bin Lian
Microbial mineralization is increasingly used in bioremediation of heavy metal pollution, but better mechanistic understanding of the processes involved and how they are regulated are required to improve the practical application of microorganisms in bioremediation. We used a combination of morphological (TEM) and analytical (XRD, XPS, FTIR) methods, together with novel proteomic analyses, to investigate the detoxification mechanisms, used by a range of bacteria, including the strains Bacillus velezensis LB002, Escherichia coli DH5α, B...
October 18, 2022: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36252408/-phase-transitions-in-bacteria-from-structural-transitions-in-free-living-bacteria-to-phenotypic-transitions-in-bacteria-within-biofilms
#6
REVIEW
Xiaoling Wang, Raphael Blumenfeld, Xi-Qiao Feng, David A Weitz
Phase transitions are common in inanimate systems and have been studied extensively in natural sciences. Less explored are the rich transitions that take place at the micro- and nano-scales in biological systems. In conventional phase transitions, large-scale properties of the media change discontinuously in response to continuous changes in external conditions. Such changes play a significant role in the dynamic behaviours of organisms. In this review, we focus on some transitions in both free-living and biofilms of bacteria...
October 5, 2022: Physics of Life Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36244923/diving-into-the-complexity-of-the-spirochetal-endoflagellum
#7
REVIEW
Fabiana San Martin, Lenka Fule, Gregorio Iraola, Alejandro Buschiazzo, Mathieu Picardeau
Spirochaetes, a phylum that includes medically important pathogens such as the causative agents of Lyme disease, syphilis, and leptospirosis, are in many ways highly unique bacteria. Their cell morphology, subcellular organization, and metabolism reveal atypical features. Spirochetal motility is also singular, dependent on the presence of periplasmic flagella or endoflagella, inserted subterminally at cell poles and not penetrating the outer membrane and elongating outside the cell as in enterobacteria. In this review we present a comprehensive comparative genomics analysis of endoflagellar systems in spirochetes, highlighting recent findings on the flagellar basal body and filament...
October 13, 2022: Trends in Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36102657/the-transcriptional-regulator-spxa1-influences-the-morphology-and-virulence-of-listeria-monocytogenes
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Monica R Cesinger, Oluwasegun I Daramola, Lucy M Kwiatkowski, Michelle L Reniere
Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive facultative anaerobe and an excellent model pathogen for investigating regulatory changes that occur during infection of a mammalian host. SpxA1 is a widely conserved transcriptional regulator that induces expression of peroxide-detoxifying genes in L. monocytogenes and is thus required for aerobic growth. SpxA1 is also required for L. monocytogenes virulence, although the SpxA1-dependent genes important in this context remain to be identified. Here, we sought to investigate the role of SpxA1 in a tissue culture model of infection and made the surprising discovery that Δ spxA1 cells are dramatically elongated during growth in the host cytosol...
September 14, 2022: Infection and Immunity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36014529/effects-of-natural-rheum-tanguticum-on-the-cell-wall-integrity-of-resistant-phytopathogenic-pectobacterium-carotovorum-subsp-carotovorum
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanjiao Qi, Mingyang Wang, Bo Zhang, Yue Liu, Jiaqin Fan, Zifan Wang, Li Song, Peer Mohamed Abdul, Hong Zhang
The abuse of agricultural antibiotics has led to the emergence of drug-resistant phytopathogens. Rifampicin and streptomycin and streptomycin resistance Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum ( Pcc S1) was obtained from pathological plants in a previous experiment. Rheum tanguticum , derived from the Chinese plateau area, exhibits excellent antibacterial activity against Pcc S1, yet the action mode has not been fully understood. In present text, the cell wall integrity of the Pcc S1 was tested by the variation of the cellular proteins, SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) characteristics...
August 19, 2022: Molecules: a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35916402/high-levels-of-cyclic-diguanylate-interfere-with-beneficial-bacterial-colonization
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruth Y Isenberg, David G Christensen, Karen L Visick, Mark J Mandel
During colonization of the Hawaiian bobtail squid ( Euprymna scolopes ), Vibrio fischeri bacteria undergo a lifestyle transition from a planktonic motile state in the environment to a biofilm state in host mucus. Cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) is a cytoplasmic signaling molecule that is important for regulating motility-biofilm transitions in many bacterial species. V. fischeri encodes 50 proteins predicted to synthesize and/or degrade c-di-GMP, but a role for c-di-GMP regulation during host colonization has not been investigated...
August 30, 2022: MBio
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35647691/enterobacter-sp-strain-sm1_hs2b-manifests-transient-elongation-and-swimming-motility-in-liquid-medium
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhiyu Zhang, Haoming Liu, Hamid Karani, Jon Mallen, Weijie Chen, Arpan De, Sridhar Mani, Jay X Tang
Many species of bacteria change their morphology and behavior under external stresses. In this study, we report transient elongation and swimming motility of a novel Enterobacter sp. strain, SM1_HS2B, in liquid broth under a standard growth condition. When growing in the Luria-Bertani medium, HS2B cells delay their cell division and elongate. Although transient over a few hours, the average cell length reaches over 10 times that of the stationary-state cells. The increase is also cumulative following repeated growth cycles stimulated by taking cells out of the exponential phase and adding them into fresh medium every 2 hours...
June 29, 2022: Microbiology Spectrum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35625268/impact-of-subinhibitory-concentrations-of-metronidazole-on-morphology-motility-biofilm-formation-and-colonization-of-clostridioides-difficile
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tri-Hanh-Dung Doan, Marie-Françoise Bernet-Camard, Sandra Hoÿs, Claire Janoir, Séverine Péchiné
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is the primary cause of health-care-associated infectious diarrhea. Treatment requires mostly specific antibiotics such as metronidazole (MTZ), vancomycin or fidaxomicin. However, approximately 20% of treated patients experience recurrences. Treatment with MTZ is complicated by reduced susceptibility to this molecule, which could result in high failure and recurrence rates. However, the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the impact of subinhibitory concentrations of MTZ on morphology, motility, biofilm formation, bacterial adherence to the intestinal Caco-2/TC7 differentiated monolayers, and colonization in monoxenic and conventional mouse models of two C...
May 5, 2022: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35332598/a-motile-doublet-form-of-salmonella-typhimurium-diversifies-target-search-behavior-at-the-epithelial-surface
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Viktor Ek, Stefan A Fattinger, Alexandra Florbrant, Wolf-Dietrich Hardt, Maria Letizia Di Martino, Jens Eriksson, Mikael E Sellin
The behaviors of infectious bacteria are commonly studied in bulk. This is effective to define the general properties of a given isolate, but insufficient to resolve subpopulations and unique single-microbe behaviors within the bacterial pool. We here employ microscopy to study single-bacterium characteristics among Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S.Tm), as they prepare for and launch invasion of epithelial host cells. We find that during the bacterial growth cycle, S.Tm populations switch gradually from fast planktonic growth to a host cell-invasive phenotype, characterized by flagellar motility and expression of the Type-three-secretion-system-1...
May 2022: Molecular Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34809456/characterization-of-the-flagellar-collar-reveals-structural-plasticity-essential-for-spirochete-motility
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yunjie Chang, Hui Xu, Md A Motaleb, Jun Liu
Spirochetes are a remarkable group of bacteria with distinct morphology and periplasmic flagella that enable motility in viscous environments, such as host connective tissues. The collar, a spirochete-specific complex of the periplasmic flagellum, is required for this unique spirochete motility, yet it has not been clear how the collar assembles and enables spirochetes to transit between complex host environments. Here, we characterize the collar complex in the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. We discover as well as delineate the distinct functions of two novel collar proteins, FlcB and FlcC, by combining subtractive bioinformatic, genetic, and cryo-electron tomography approaches...
December 21, 2021: MBio
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34657338/role-of-the-major-determinant-of-polar-flagellation-flhg-in-the-endoflagella-containing-spirochete-leptospira
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lenka Fule, Ruben Halifa, Celia Fontana, Odile Sismeiro, Rachel Legendre, Hugo Varet, Jean-Yves Coppée, Gerald L Murray, Ben Adler, David R Hendrixson, Alejandro Buschiazzo, Shuaiqi Guo, Jun Liu, Mathieu Picardeau
Spirochetes can be distinguished from other bacteria by their spiral-shaped morphology and subpolar periplasmic flagella. This study focused on FlhF and FlhG, which control the spatial and numerical regulation of flagella in many exoflagellated bacteria, in the spirochete Leptospira. In contrast to flhF which seems to be essential in Leptospira, we demonstrated that flhG- mutants in both the saprophyte L. biflexa and the pathogen L. interrogans were less motile than the wild-type strains in gel-like environments but not hyperflagellated as reported previously in other bacteria...
October 17, 2021: Molecular Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33816347/persistent-bacterial-coinfection-of-a-covid-19-patient-caused-by-a-genetically-adapted-pseudomonas-aeruginosa-chronic-colonizer
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiuxin Qu, Zhao Cai, Yumei Liu, Xiangke Duan, Shuhong Han, Jihong Liu, Yuao Zhu, Zhaofang Jiang, Yingdan Zhang, Chao Zhuo, Yang Liu, Yingxia Liu, Lei Liu, Liang Yang
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a biofilm-forming opportunistic pathogen which causes chronic infections in immunocompromised patients and leads to high mortality rate. It is identified as a common coinfecting pathogen in COVID-19 patients causing exacerbation of illness. In our hospital, P. aeruginosa is one of the top coinfecting bacteria identified among COVID-19 patients. We collected a strong biofilm-forming P. aeruginosa strain displaying small colony variant morphology from a severe COVID-19 patient. Genomic and transcriptomic sequencing analyses were performed with phenotypic validation to investigate its adaptation in SARS-CoV-2 infected environment...
2021: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33776972/the-structure-composition-and-role-of-periplasmic-stator-scaffolds-in-polar-bacterial-flagellar-motors
#17
REVIEW
Xiaotian Zhou, Anna Roujeinikova
In the bacterial flagellar motor, the cell-wall-anchored stator uses an electrochemical gradient across the cytoplasmic membrane to generate a turning force that is applied to the rotor connected to the flagellar filament. Existing theoretical concepts for the stator function are based on the assumption that it anchors around the rotor perimeter by binding to peptidoglycan (P). The existence of another anchoring region on the motor itself has been speculated upon, but is yet to be supported by binding studies...
2021: Frontiers in Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33451503/proteomics-of-campylobacter-jejuni-growth-in-deoxycholate-reveals-cj0025c-as-a-cystine-transport-protein-required-for-wild-type-human-infection-phenotypes
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lok Man, Ashleigh L Dale, William P Klare, Joel A Cain, Zeynep Sumer-Bayraktar, Paula Niewold, Nestor Solis, Stuart J Cordwell
Campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of food-borne gastroenteritis. Proteomics by label-based two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) identified proteins associated with growth in 0.1% sodium deoxycholate (DOC, a component of gut bile salts), and system-wide validation was performed by data-independent acquisition (DIA-SWATH-MS). LC-MS/MS quantified 1326 proteins (∼82% of the predicted C. jejuni proteome), of which 1104 were validated in additional biological replicates by DIA-SWATH-MS...
August 2020: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics: MCP
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33264299/gut-derived-flavonifractor-species-variants-are-differentially-enriched-during-in-vitro-incubation-with-quercetin
#19
COMPARATIVE STUDY
Gina Paola Rodriguez-Castaño, Federico E Rey, Alejandro Caro-Quintero, Alejandro Acosta-González
Flavonoids are a common component of the human diet with widely reported health-promoting properties. The gut microbiota transforms these compounds affecting the overall metabolic outcome of flavonoid consumption. Flavonoid-degrading bacteria are often studied in pure and mixed cultures but the multiple interactions between quercetin-degraders and the rest of the community have been overlooked. In this study, a comparative metataxonomic analysis of fecal communities supplemented with the flavonoid quercetin led us to identify a potential competitive exclusion interaction between two sequence variants related to the flavonoid-degrading species, Flavonifractor plautii, that belong to the same genus but different species...
2020: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33139575/-vibrio-cholerae-adapts-to-sessile-and-motile-lifestyles-by-cyclic-di-gmp-regulation-of-cell-shape
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicolas L Fernandez, Brian Y Hsueh, Nguyen T Q Nhu, Joshua L Franklin, Yann S Dufour, Christopher M Waters
The cell morphology of rod-shaped bacteria is determined by the rigid net of peptidoglycan forming the cell wall. Alterations to the rod shape, such as the curved rod, occur through manipulating the process of cell wall synthesis. The human pathogen Vibrio cholerae typically exists as a curved rod, but straight rods have been observed under certain conditions. While this appears to be a regulated process, the regulatory pathways controlling cell shape transitions in V. cholerae and the benefits of switching between rod and curved shape have not been determined...
November 17, 2020: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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