keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492416/a-novel-homozygous-nonsense-variant-of-ak7-is-associated-with-multiple-morphological-abnormalities-of-the-sperm-flagella
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tianli Chang, Hongying Tang, Xu Zhou, Jingliang He, Nenghui Liu, Yanping Li, Wenpei Xiang, Zhongyuan Yao
RESEARCH QUESTION: Is the novel homozygous nonsense variant of AK7 associated with multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF), a specific type of oligoasthenoteratozoospermia leading to male infertility? DESIGN: Whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were performed to identify potential gene variants. Immunoblotting and immunofluorescence were applied to confirm the relationship between mutated genes and disease phenotypes. The concentration of reactive oxygen species and the rate of apoptosis were measured to evaluate the mitochondrial function of spermatozoa...
December 8, 2023: Reproductive Biomedicine Online
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38440143/-in-vitro-anti-helicobacter-pylori-activity-and-the-underlining-mechanism-of-an-empirical-herbal-formula-hezi-qingyou
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhong Feng, Hui Li, Yajie Hao, Chang Peng, Ling Ou, Junwei Jia, Mingjin Xun, Yuanjing Zou, Meiyun Chen, Guimin Zhang, Meicun Yao
BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) is thought to primarily colonize the human stomach and lead to various gastrointestinal disorders, such as gastritis and gastric cancer. Currently, main eradication treatment is triple or quadruple therapy centered on antibiotics. Due to antibiotic resistance, the eradication rate of H. pylori is decreasing gradually. Therefore, searching for anti- H. pylori drugs from herbal sources has become a strategy for the treatment. Our team proposed a Hezi Qingyou Formula (HZQYF), composed of Chebulae Fructus, Ficus hirta Vahl and Cloves, and studied its anti- H...
2024: Frontiers in Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38402546/novel-cytoskeletal-traits-in-the-intestinal-parasites-squirmida-platyproteum-vivax-of-pacific-peanut-worms-sipuncula-phascolosoma-agassizii
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Danja Currie-Olsen, Brian S Leander
The cytoskeletal organization of a squirmid, namely Platyproteum vivax, was investigated with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) to refine inferences about convergent evolution among intestinal parasites of marine invertebrates. Platyproteum inhabits Pacific peanut worms (Phascolosoma agassizii) and has traits that are similar to other lineages of myzozoan parasites, namely gregarine apicomplexans within Selenidium, such as conspicuous feeding stages, called "trophozoites," capable of dynamic undulations...
February 25, 2024: Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38332217/gene-knockout-by-istop-enables-rapid-reproductive-disease-modeling-and-phenotyping-in-germ-cells-of-the-founder-generation
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yaling Wang, Jingwen Chen, Xueying Huang, Bangguo Wu, Peng Dai, Feng Zhang, Jinsong Li, Lingbo Wang
Cytosine base editing achieves C•G-to-T•A substitutions and can convert four codons (CAA/CAG/CGA/TGG) into STOP-codons (induction of STOP-codons, iSTOP) to knock out genes with reduced mosaicism. iSTOP enables direct phenotyping in founders' somatic cells, but it remains unknown whether this works in founders' germ cells so as to rapidly reveal novel genes for fertility. Here, we initially establish that iSTOP in mouse zygotes enables functional characterization of known genes in founders' germ cells: Cfap43-iSTOP male founders manifest expected sperm features resembling human "multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagella" syndrome (i...
February 7, 2024: Science China. Life Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38262350/meteora-sporadica-a-protist-with-incredible-cell-architecture-is-related-to-hemimastigophora
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yana Eglit, Takashi Shiratori, Jon Jerlström-Hultqvist, Kelsey Williamson, Andrew J Roger, Ken-Ichiro Ishida, Alastair G B Simpson
"Kingdom-level" branches are being added to the tree of eukaryotes at a rate approaching one per year, with no signs of slowing down.1 , 2 , 3 , 4 Some are completely new discoveries, whereas others are morphologically unusual protists that were previously described but lacked molecular data. For example, Hemimastigophora are predatory protists with two rows of flagella that were known since the 19th century but proved to represent a new deep-branching eukaryote lineage when phylogenomic analyses were conducted...
January 22, 2024: Current Biology: CB
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38256709/an-integrative-approach-to-selected-species-of-tanacetum-l-asteraceae-insights-into-morphology-and-phytochemistry
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Claudia Giuliani, Martina Bottoni, Fabrizia Milani, Alberto Spada, Sara Falsini, Alessio Papini, Laura Santagostini, Gelsomina Fico
In this work, we studied Tanacetum vulgare , Tanacetum parthenium , and Tanacetum corymbosum (Asteraceae) cultivated at the Ghirardi Botanic Garden (Toscolano Maderno, Brescia, Northern Italy) of the University of Milan. An integrative research approach was adopted: microscopic and histochemical, with special focus on the secretory structures responsible for the productivity of secondary metabolites; phytochemical, with the analysis of the essential oil (EO) profiles from the air-dried, flowered aerial parts collected in June 2021; bio-ecological, with emphasis, based on literature data, on the ecology and biological activity of the main EO components...
January 5, 2024: Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38246484/tmem225-is-essential-for-sperm-maturation-and-male-fertility-by-modifying-protein-distribution-of-sperm-in-mice
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zheng Lv, Longjie Sun, Xiaomei Xie, Xiaohong Yao, Shuang Tian, Chaofan Wang, Fengchao Wang, Jiali Liu
Nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) is the leading cause of male infertility. Abnormal levels of transmembrane protein 225 (TMEM225), a testis-specific protein, have been found in patients with NOA, suggesting that TMEM225 plays an essential role in male fertility. Here, we generated a Tmem225 knockout (KO) mouse model to explore the function and mechanism of TMEM225 in male reproduction. Male Tmem225 KO mice were infertile. Surprisingly, Tmem225 deletion did not affect spermatogenesis, but TMEM225-null sperm exhibited abnormalities during epididymal maturation, resulting in reduced sperm motility and an abnormal hairpin-loop configuration...
January 19, 2024: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics: MCP
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38138037/roles-of-hcp2-a-hallmark-of-t6ss2-in-motility-adhesive-capacity-and-pathogenicity-of-vibrio-alginolyticus
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuilong Wu, Jufen Tang, Bei Wang, Jia Cai, Jichang Jian
The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a large secretory device, widely found in Gram-negative bacteria, which plays important roles in virulence, bacterial competition, and environmental adaptation. Vibrio alginolyticus ( V. alginolyticus ) is an opportunistic pathogen that causes vibriosis in aquaculture animals. V. alginolyticus possesses two type VI secretion systems (named the T6SS1 and T6SS2), but their functions remain largely unclear. In this paper, the roles of the core component of the T6SS2 cluster of V...
November 30, 2023: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38010644/disruption-of-leishmania-flagellum-attachment-zone-architecture-causes-flagellum-loss
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Clare Halliday, Laryssa Vanessa de Liz, Sue Vaughan, Jack D Sunter
Leishmania are flagellated eukaryotic parasites that cause leishmaniasis and are closely related to the other kinetoplastid parasites such as Trypanosoma brucei. In all these parasites there is a cell membrane invagination at the base of the flagellum called the flagellar pocket, which is tightly associated with and sculpted by cytoskeletal structures including the flagellum attachment zone (FAZ). The FAZ is a complex interconnected structure linking the flagellum to the cell body and has critical roles in cell morphogenesis, function and pathogenicity...
November 27, 2023: Molecular Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38003831/implications-of-flagellar-attachment-zone-proteins-tcgp72-and-tcfla-1bp-in-morphology-proliferation-and-intracellular-dynamics-in-trypanosoma-cruzi
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Normanda Souza-Melo, Carolina de Lima Alcantara, Juliana Cunha Vidal, Gustavo Miranda Rocha, Wanderley de Souza
The highly adaptable parasite Trypanosoma cruzi undergoes complex developmental stages to exploit host organisms effectively. Each stage involves the expression of specific proteins and precise intracellular structural organization. These morphological changes depend on key structures that control intracellular components' growth and redistribution. In trypanosomatids, the flagellar attachment zone (FAZ) connects the flagellum to the cell body and plays a pivotal role in cell expansion and structural rearrangement...
November 18, 2023: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37882665/ccdc183-is-essential-for-cytoplasmic-invagination-around-the-flagellum-during-spermiogenesis-and-male-fertility
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Keisuke Shimada, Masahito Ikawa
Sperm flagellum plays a crucial role in male fertility. Here, we generated Ccdc183 knockout mice using the CRISPR/Cas9 system to reveal the protein function of the testis-specific protein CCDC183 in spermiogenesis. We demonstrated that the absence of CCDC183 causes male infertility with morphological and motility defects in spermatozoa. Owing to the lack of CCDC183, centrioles after elongation of axonemal microtubules do not connect the cell surface and nucleus during spermiogenesis, which causes subsequent loss of cytoplasmic invagination around the flagellum...
November 1, 2023: Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37836090/-oogamochlamys-kurilensis-sp-nov-chlorophyta-volvocales-from-the-soils-of-iturup-island-sakhalin-region-russia
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vyacheslav Yu Nikulin, Arthur Yu Nikulin, Andrey A Gontcharov, Veronika B Bagmet, Shamil R Abdullin
A strain of oogamous biflagellate green alga was isolated during a study on soil algal diversity in the Russian Far East (Sakhalin Region, Iturup Island) and examined using an integrative approach. Phylogenetic analyses, based on the SSU rDNA gene, resolved the new strain as a part of the RL clade ( sensu Watanabe and Nakada) within Oogamochlamydinia (Volvocales, Chlorophyceae). The strain was similar to members of the genus Oogamochlamys (parietal and massive cup-shaped chloroplasts; two apical contractile vacuoles), but was, however, distinguished from them based on the size and shape of the mature vegetative cells, the flagellar length, the presence of only one pyrenoid in both the mature vegetative cells and the zoospores, the anterior nucleus position, and the spermatozoids' shape...
September 22, 2023: Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37832175/biointerfacial-behavior-of-stallion-spermatozoa-adhered-to-hydrogel-surfaces-impact-of-the-hydrogel-chemical-composition-and-the-culture-medium
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francisca A Ebel, Ana C Liaudat, Damián A Blois, Virginia Capella, Martin F Broglia, Cesar A Barbero, Nancy Rodríguez, Pablo Bosch, Claudia R Rivarola
Novel soft materials based on hydrogel are proposed to enhance the selection of high-quality stallion sperm based on their adhesion capacity. The hydrogel surfaces are derived from polyacrylamide (PAAm), which is copolymerized with neutral and ionic co-monomers to modify the interfacial properties. The hydrogels undergo characterization through FTIR spectroscopy, assessment of swelling capacity, and wettability under various experimental conditions. Sperm adhesion capacity on the hydrogels is examined through several parameters including the percentage of bound sperm (%Sp) to hydrogels, tail oscillation intensity and flagellar movement...
October 2, 2023: Colloids and Surfaces. B, Biointerfaces
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37671855/nuclear-sperm-integrity-and-icsi-prognosis-in-tunisian-patients-with-mmaf-syndrome-multiple-morphological-abnormalities-of-the-sperm-flagella
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Asma Braham, Houda Ghedir, Myriam Beya Ben Khedher, Mounir Ajina, Ali Saad, Samira Ibala-Romdhane
Multiple Morphological Abnormalities of the Sperm Flagella (MMAF) is a severe form of teratozoospermia associated with several sperm flagellar abnormalities. The study included 52 patients with MMAF syndrome and a control group of 25 fertile men. The impact of nuclear sperm quality on intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) results was studied in 20 couples. TUNEL assay was used to assess sperm DNA fragmentation and aniline-blue staining was used to assess chromatin condensation. To investigate chromosomal meiotic segregation, we used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)...
September 6, 2023: Human Fertility: Journal of the British Fertility Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37652982/characterization-and-anti-inflammatory-effect-of-selenium-enriched-probiotic-bacillus-amyloliquefaciens-c-1-a-potential-postbiotics
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jin Liu, Lu Shi, Xinxin Ma, Sijin Jiang, Xinyao Hou, Pu Li, Yue Cheng, Jia Lv, Shaoru Li, Tianyou Ma, Bei Han
A patented strain of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens C-1 in our laboratory could produce functional sodium selenite (Na2 SeO3 ) under optimized fermentation conditions. With the strong stress resistance and abundant secondary metabolites, C-1 showed potential to be developed as selenium-enriched postbiotics. C-1 has the ability to synthesize SeNPs when incubated with 100 μg/ml Na2 SeO3 for 30 h at 30 °C aerobically with 10% seeds-culture. The transformation rate from Na2 SeO3 into SeNPs reached to 55...
August 31, 2023: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37639835/morphological-characterization-of-the-antennal-sensilla-of-the-legume-pod-borer-maruca-vitrata-fabricius-lepidoptera-crambidae
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shashank Pathour Rajendra, Abalavadi Thammaiah Rani, Salam Rita Devi, Naresh Manohar Meshram
Maruca vitrata (Fabricius) is an important lepidopteran pest of legumes in the tropics and subtropics. Here, we studied the ultrastructural organization of its antennal sense organs using scanning electron microscopy. The antennae of both sexes of M. vitrata were filiform with the number of flagellar segments varying from 72 to 84. Nine major morphological types of sensilla were observed on male and female antennae: sensilla trichodea (ST), sensilla basiconica (SB), sensilla auricillica (SA), sensilla chaetica (SCh), sensilla coeloconica (SCoe), sensilla cylindrica (SCy), sensilla squamiformia (SSq), sensilla styloconica (SSt), and Böhm sensilla (BS)...
August 28, 2023: Microscopy and Microanalysis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37548427/aak1-like-a-putative-pseudokinase-with-potential-roles-in-cargo-uptake-in-bloodstream-form-trypanosoma-brucei-parasites
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennifer A Black, Christen M Klinger, Leandro Lemgruber, Joel B Dacks, Jeremy C Mottram, Richard McCulloch
Selection and internalization of cargo via clathrin-mediated endocytosis requires adaptor protein complexes. One complex, AP-2, acts during cargo selection at the plasma membrane. African trypanosomes lack all components of the AP-2 complex, except for a recently identified orthologue of the AP-2-associated protein kinase 1, AAK1. In characterized eukaryotes, AAK1 phosphorylates the μ2 subunit of the AP-2 complex to enhance cargo recognition and uptake into clathrin-coated vesicles. Here, we show that kinetoplastids encode not one, but two AAK1 orthologues: one (AAK1L2) is absent from salivarian trypanosomes, while the other (AAK1L1) lacks important kinase-specific residues in a range of trypanosomes...
August 7, 2023: Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37503052/flagellar-motor-remodeling-during-swarming-requires-flil
#18
Jonathan D Partridge, Yann Dufour, YuneSahng Hwang, Rasika M Harshey
FliL is an essential component of the flagellar machinery in some bacteria, but a conditional one in others. The conditional role is for optimal swarming in some bacteria. During swarming, physical forces associated with movement on a surface are expected to exert a higher load on the flagellum, requiring more motor torque to move. Bacterial physiology and morphology are also altered during swarming to cope with the challenges of surface navigation. FliL was reported to enhance motor output in several bacteria and observed to assemble as a ring around ion-conducting stators that power the motor...
July 14, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37458246/experimental-and-molecular-support-for-cfap70-as-a-causative-gene-of-multiple-morphological-abnormalities-of-the-flagella-with-male-infertility
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jingwen Chen, Yaling Wang, Bangguo Wu, Huijuan Shi, Lingbo Wang
Multiple Morphological Abnormalities of the Flagella (MMAF), a severe form of asthenozoospermia, can lead to male infertility. Recent studies have implicated an association between human CFAP70 deficiency and MMAF, however, the underlying biological mechanism and supporting experimental evidence in animal models remains unclear. To address this gap, we used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to generate Cfap70-deficient mice to investigate the relationship between Cfap70 deficiency and MMAF. Our findings show that the loss of CFAP70 leads to MMAF and spermiogenesis defects...
July 17, 2023: Biology of Reproduction
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37365943/sperm-ultrastructure-of-pycnoderes-incurvus-hemiptera-miridae
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paulo Henrique Rezende, Glenda Dias, Camila Folly, José Lino-Neto
The sperm morphology can provide helpful information about sexual selection, phylogeny, and the evolutionary history of a given animal group. However, there is limited or no knowledge of many taxa, especially those belonging to insects, a vast and highly diverse group. An example is the Miridae, or plant bugs, which belong to the infraorder Cimicomorpha (Heteroptera), where only three out of 17 families have published data on their sperm morphology. Here we described the Miridae sperm structure by analyzing Pycnoderes incurvus sperm under light and transmission electron microscopy...
June 27, 2023: Microscopy Research and Technique
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