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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yulan Qi, Ming Liang Chan, Diane R Mould, Kevin Larimore, Elena Fisheleva, Anu Cherukuri, Jonathan Day, Ravi Savarirayan, Melita Irving, Carlos A Bacino, Julie Hoover-Fong, Keiichi Ozono, Klaus Mohnike, William R Wilcox, Michael B Bober, Joshua Henshaw
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Vosoritide is a recently approved therapy for achondroplasia, the most common form of disproportionate short stature, that has been shown to be well tolerated and effective in increasing linear growth. This study aimed to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model to characterize pharmacokinetics (PK) of vosoritide and establish a weight-band dosing regimen. METHODS: A PPK model was developed using data from five clinical trials in children with achondroplasia (aged 0...
April 23, 2024: Clinical Pharmacokinetics
#2
Kevin J Fuentes, Sara Fernanda Arechavala Lopez, Irving Fuentes, Jorge Leal Hidalgo, Juan Jacobo Martínez Zarate
Abdominal pain ranks as the predominant cause for emergency department consultations. Although rare, transvaginal evisceration of the small intestine necessitates immediate surgical intervention due to its potential to induce intestinal ischemia and peritonitis. Key risk factors include postmenopausal status, a history of gynecologic surgery, and heightened abdominal pressure. Clinical presentation typically involves pain and protrusion of intestinal contents or even abdominal viscera. Diagnosis relies on thorough clinical assessment, and treatment strategies should be tailored to each patient...
March 2024: Curēus
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mahrukh Imran, Joan Puig-Barbera, Justin R Ortiz, Lorena Lopez-Gonzalez, Alex Dean, Machaon Bonafede, Mendel D M Haag
BACKGROUND: Adults ≥ 65 years of age have suboptimal influenza vaccination responses compared to younger adults due to age-related immunosenescence. Two vaccines were specifically developed to enhance protection: MF59-adjuvanted trivalent influenza vaccine (aIIV3) and high-dose egg-based trivalent influenza vaccine (HD-IIV3e). METHODS: In a retrospective cohort study conducted using US electronic medical records linked to claims data during the 2019-2020 influenza season, we compared the relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) of aIIV3 with HD-IIV3e and a standard-dose non-adjuvanted egg-based quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV4e) for the prevention of cardiorespiratory hospitalizations, including influenza hospitalizations...
April 2024: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Neil Chanchlani, Simeng Lin, Claire Bewshea, Benjamin Hamilton, Amanda Thomas, Rebecca Smith, Christopher Roberts, Maria Bishara, Rachel Nice, Charlie W Lees, Shaji Sebastian, Peter M Irving, Richard K Russell, Timothy J McDonald, James R Goodhand, Tariq Ahmad, Nicholas A Kennedy
BACKGROUND: We sought to report the effectiveness of infliximab and adalimumab over the first 3 years of treatment and to define the factors that predict anti-TNF treatment failure and the strategies that prevent or mitigate loss of response. METHODS: Personalised Anti-TNF therapy in Crohn's disease (PANTS) is a UK-wide, multicentre, prospective observational cohort study reporting the rates of effectiveness of infliximab and adalimumab in anti-TNF-naive patients with active luminal Crohn's disease aged 6 years and older...
April 16, 2024: Lancet. Gastroenterology & Hepatology
#5
Sravanthi Parasa, Tyler Berzin, Cadman Leggett, Seth Gross, Alessandro Repici, Omer F Ahmad, Austin Chiang, Nayantara Coelho-Prabhu, Jonathan Cohen, Evelien Dekker, Rajesh N Keswani, Charles E Kahn, Cesare Hassan, Nicholas Petrick, Peter Mountney, Jonathan Ng, Michael Riegler, Yuichi Mori, Yutaka Saito, Shyam Thakkar, Irving Waxman, Michael Bradley Wallace, Prateek Sharma
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) AI Task Force along with experts in endoscopy, technology space, regulatory authorities, and other medical subspecialties initiated a consensus process that analyzed the current literature, highlighted potential areas, and outlined the necessary research in artificial intelligence (AI) to allow a clearer understanding of AI as it pertains to endoscopy currently. METHODS: A modified Delphi process was used to develop these consensus statements...
April 16, 2024: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alicia N Stein, Catherine G A Pendrey, David J Muscatello, Paul G Van Buynder, James E Fielding, Jason C Menche, Sheena G Sullivan
BACKGROUND: The interpretation of relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) of improved influenza vaccines is complex. Estimation of burden averted is useful to contextualise their potential impact across different seasons. For the population aged under 65 years in Australia, this study estimated the additional morbidity and mortality that could be averted using improved influenza vaccines. METHODS: We used observed, season-specific (2015-2019) influenza notification and influenza-coded hospitalisation frequencies and published modelled estimates of influenza-associated hospitalisations and deaths that occurred under the prevailing influenza vaccination coverage scenario...
April 2024: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicola J Wyatt, Hannah Watson, Carl A Anderson, Nicholas A Kennedy, Tim Raine, Tariq Ahmad, Dean Allerton, Michelle Bardgett, Emma Clark, Dawn Clewes, Cristina Cotobal Martin, Mary Doona, Jennifer A Doyle, Katherine Frith, Helen C Hancock, Ailsa L Hart, Victoria Hildreth, Peter M Irving, Sameena Iqbal, Ciara Kennedy, Andrew King, Sarah Lawrence, Charlie W Lees, Robert Lees, Laura Letchford, Trevor Liddle, James O Lindsay, Rebecca H Maier, John C Mansfield, Julian R Marchesi, Naomi McGregor, Rebecca E McIntyre, Jasmin Ostermayer, Tolulope Osunnuyi, Nick Powell, Natalie J Prescott, Jack Satsangi, Shriya Sharma, Tara Shrestha, Ally Speight, Michelle Strickland, James Ms Wason, Kevin Whelan, Ruth Wood, Gregory R Young, Xinyue Zhang, Miles Parkes, Christopher J Stewart, Luke Jostins-Dean, Christopher A Lamb
INTRODUCTION: Characterised by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) symptoms including diarrhoea, abdominal pain and fatigue can significantly impact patient's quality of life. Therapeutic developments in the last 20 years have revolutionised treatment. However, clinical trials and real-world data show primary non-response rates up to 40%. A significant challenge is an inability to predict which treatment will benefit individual patients...
April 17, 2024: BMJ Open
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gulam Khandaker, Gwenda Chapman, Arifuzzaman Khan, Mahmudul Hassan Al Imam, Robert Menzies, Nicolas Smoll, Jacina Walker, Michael Kirk, Kerrie Wiley
BACKGROUND: The 'PenCS Flu Topbar' app was deployed in Central Queensland (CQ), Australia, medical practices through a pilot programme in March 2021. METHODS: We evaluated the app's user experience and examined whether the introduction of 'PenCS Flu Topbar' in medical practices could improve the coverage of NIP-funded influenza vaccinations. We conducted a mixed-method study including a qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews with key end-users and a quantitative analysis of influenza vaccine administrative data...
April 2024: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michela Scarpaci, Sara Bracaloni, Enrica Esposito, Luigi De Angelis, Francesco Baglivo, Beatrice Casini, Donatella Panatto, Matilde Ogliastro, Daniela Loconsole, Maria Chironna, Elena Pariani, Laura Pellegrinelli, Elisabetta Pandolfi, Ileana Croci, Caterina Rizzo
INTRODUCTION: Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the most frequent causes of respiratory infections in children under 5 years of age, but its socioeconomic impact and burden in primary care settings is still little studied. METHODS: During the 2022/2023 winter season, 55 pediatricians from five Italian regions participated in our community-based study. They collected a nasal swab for RSV molecular test from 650 patients under the age of 5 with acute respiratory infections (ARIs) and performed a baseline questionnaire...
April 2024: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Muhammad Imran Nisar, Salima Kerai, Shahira Shahid, Muhammad Farrukh Qazi, Sarah Rehman, Fatima Aziz, Fyezah Jehan
BACKGROUND: Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children < 5 years. We describe nasopharyngeal carriage of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV), and influenza virus among children with fast-breathing pneumonia in Karachi, Pakistan. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of nasopharyngeal swabs from children aged 2-59 months with fast-breathing pneumonia, enrolled in the randomized trial of amoxicillin versus placebo for fast-breathing pneumonia (RETAPP) (NCT02372461) from 2014 to 2016...
April 2024: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Petronela Predatu, Daniel David, Irving Kirsch, Stelian Florean, Răzvan Predatu
INTRODUCTION: Previous research highlighted the importance of investigating distinct protective factors that predict the experience of positive emotions during stressful situations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. In this longitudinal study, we specifically focused on positive expectancies towards the future (optimism, response expectancy, and response hope) in relation to the experience of positive emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our primary objectives were to identify the best predictors for experiencing short-term and long-term positive emotions and investigate their interrelationships...
April 14, 2024: Psychology & Health
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eduards Krumins, Liam A Crawford, David M Rogers, Fabricio Machado, Vincenzo Taresco, Mark East, Samuel H Irving, Harriet R Fowler, Long Jiang, Nichola Starr, Christopher D J Parmenter, Kristoffer Kortsen, Valentina Cuzzucoli Crucitti, Simon V Avery, Christopher J Tuck, Steven M Howdle
Laser Sintering (LS) is a type of Additive Manufacturing (AM) exploiting laser processing of polymeric particles to produce 3D objects. Because of its ease of processability and thermo-physical properties, polyamide-12 (PA-12) represents ~95% of the polymeric materials used in LS. This constrains the functionality of the items produced, including limited available colours. Moreover, PA-12 objects tend to biofoul in wet environments. Therefore, a key challenge is to develop an inexpensive route to introduce desirable functionality to PA-12...
April 11, 2024: Nature Communications
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hayden L Bell, Helen J Blair, Samantha J Jepson Gosling, Martin Galler, Daniel Astley, Anthony V Moorman, Olaf Heidenreich, Gareth J Veal, Frederik W van Delft, John Lunec, Julie A E Irving
Due to the rarity of TP53 mutations in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), p53 re-activation by antagonism of the p53-MDM2 interaction represents a potential therapeutic strategy for the majority of ALL. Here, we demonstrate the potent antileukemic activity of the MDM2 antagonist idasanutlin in high-risk and relapsed ex vivo coculture models of TP53 wildtype ALL (n = 40). Insufficient clinical responses to monotherapy MDM2 inhibitors in other cancers prompted us to explore optimal drugs for combination therapy...
April 10, 2024: Leukemia
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Timothy Ting-Hsuan Wu, Kyle J Travaglini, Arjun Rustagi, Duo Xu, Yue Zhang, Leonid Andronov, SoRi Jang, Astrid Gillich, Roozbeh Dehghannasiri, Giovanny J Martínez-Colón, Aimee Beck, Daniel Dan Liu, Aaron J Wilk, Maurizio Morri, Winston L Trope, Rob Bierman, Irving L Weissman, Joseph B Shrager, Stephen R Quake, Christin S Kuo, Julia Salzman, W E Moerner, Peter S Kim, Catherine A Blish, Mark A Krasnow
Early stages of deadly respiratory diseases including COVID-19 are challenging to elucidate in humans. Here, we define cellular tropism and transcriptomic effects of SARS-CoV-2 virus by productively infecting healthy human lung tissue and using scRNA-seq to reconstruct the transcriptional program in "infection pseudotime" for individual lung cell types. SARS-CoV-2 predominantly infected activated interstitial macrophages (IMs), which can accumulate thousands of viral RNA molecules, taking over 60% of the cell transcriptome and forming dense viral RNA bodies while inducing host profibrotic (TGFB1, SPP1) and inflammatory (early interferon response, CCL2/7/8/13, CXCL10, and IL6/10) programs and destroying host cell architecture...
June 3, 2024: Journal of Experimental Medicine
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mary Peyton French, Jordan Busing, Sari Acra, Heidi Chen, Laura Stafman, Irving Zamora, Michael Holzman, Harold N Lovvorn
Introduction: Achalasia among children often fails endoscopic management (e.g., dilation, botulinum toxin). Laparoscopic esophagocardiomyotomy (L-ECM) is a standard intervention to relieve obstruction but can induce gastroesophageal reflux (GER). Concurrent anterior fundoplication (A-fundo) has been evaluated in randomized trials among adults, demonstrating mixed results on controlling postoperative GER without exacerbating dysphagia. Furthermore, evidence for the best approach among children remains sparse...
April 9, 2024: Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques. Part A
#16
REVIEW
John Youhanna, Vy Tran, Randall Hyer, Alexander Domnich
Antigenic drift is a major driver of viral evolution and a primary reason why influenza vaccines must be reformulated annually. Mismatch between vaccine and circulating viral strains negatively affects vaccine effectiveness and often contributes to higher rates of influenza-related hospitalizations and deaths, particularly in years dominated by A(H3N2). Several countries recommend enhanced influenza vaccines for older adults, who are at the highest risk of severe influenza complications and mortality. The immunogenicity of enhanced vaccines against heterologous A(H3N2) strains has been examined in nine studies to date...
April 2024: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Irving Gabriel Calisaya-Madariaga
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 2024: World Neurosurgery
#18
REVIEW
Bonnie Gance-Cleveland, Marilyn Frenn, Nancy Browne, Cindy Smith Greenberg, Julia A Snethen, Eric A Hodges, Alissa V Fial, Leigh Small, Sharon Y Irving
BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity is an escalating crisis in the United States. Health policy may impact this epidemic which disproportionally affects underserved populations. AIM: The aim was to use the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance (RE-AIM) framework to assess health policy impact on preventing or treating school-aged children (5 > 18 years) with obesity in underserved populations. METHODS: A scoping review of 842 articles was conducted...
April 7, 2024: Worldviews on Evidence-based Nursing
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Madalitso D Zulu, Harrison Msuku, Christopher C Stanley, Vincent S Phiri, Hillary M Topazian, Jobiba Chinkhumba, Irving F Hoffman, Jonathan J Juliano, Don P Mathanga, Tisungane Mvalo
OBJECTIVES: A lumbar puncture (LP) procedure plays a key role in meningitis diagnosis. In Malawi and other sub-Saharan African countries, LP completion rates are sometimes poor, making meningitis surveillance challenging. Our objective was to measure LP rates following an intervention to improve these during a sentinel hospital meningitis surveillance exercise in Malawi. METHODS: We conducted a before/after intervention analysis among under-five children admitted to paediatric wards at four secondary health facilities in Malawi...
April 7, 2024: Tropical Medicine & International Health
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Clarissa Frances Frederica, Louis John Irving
While parasites are likely to connect to multiple host plants in nature, parasitism dynamics under multiple association conditions remain unclear and are difficult to separate from competitive effects. In this study, a five-compartment split root-box was constructed to allow a single facultative root hemiparasite, Phtheirospermum japonicum, to connect to zero, one or two Medicago sativa hosts while maintaining constant plant number and independently controlling nutrient supply. In the first experiment, we found that P...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Plant Physiology
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