Third party

This research investigated how an instance of intergroup helping affects intergroup attitudes and cooperative behavior. Past research demonstrates that helping behavior elicits prosociality, both reciprocally and toward uninvolved third parties. However, much of this research has either ignored group membership altogether or has assumed a shared group identity between benefactor and beneficiary. Where intergroup helping has been directly evaluated, more negative intergroup attitudes are often observed. The current study examined the effects of an instance of intergroup helping, introduced during a card game, on the beneficiary's attitudes of closeness and cooperative trading behavior as well as those of ingroup and outgroup witnesses to the helping act...

In middle childhood, children's sense of fairness further develops, they are willing to pay a cost to maintain equality. Win-win and lose-lose are two forms of equality. Win-win equality refers to both parties maximizing benefits, while lose-lose equality means both parties incurring the maximum loss. Win-win equality allows third party upholding fairness to gain more reputational benefits without the violator being punished, embodying the principle of "benefiting oneself without harming others". On the other hand, lose-lose equality is a more deterrent form of fairness with the violator getting punished, and the third-party might experience a situation of "effort without appreciation...

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic brought challenges requiring timely health data sharing to inform accurate decision-making at national levels. In Botswana, we adapted and integrated the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) and the District Health Information System version 2 (DHIS2) platforms to support timely collection and reporting of COVID-19 cases. We focused on establishing an effective COVID-19 data flow at the national public health laboratory, being guided by the needs of health care professionals at the National Health Laboratory (NHL)...

BACKGROUND: The incidence of stroke in children is low, and pediatric stroke rehabilitation services are less developed than adult ones. Survivors of pediatric stroke have a long poststroke life expectancy and therefore have the potential to experience impairments from their stroke for many years. However, there are relatively few studies characterizing these impairments and what factors facilitate or counteract recovery. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to characterize the main barriers to and facilitators of recovery from pediatric stroke...

Management of severe pediatric trauma remains challenging. Injury patterns vary according to patient age and trauma mechanism. This study analyzes trauma mechanisms in deceased pediatric patients. Fatal pediatric trauma cases aged 0-18 years who underwent forensic autopsy in the Federal State of Berlin, Germany, between 2008 until 2018 were enrolled in this retrospective study. Autopsy protocols were analyzed regarding demographic characteristics, trauma mechanisms, injury patterns, resuscitation measures, survival times as well as place, and cause of death...

Divorce is a common occurrence in the marital lives of spouses. Consequently, numerous divorced spouses and their children face various social, economic, physiological, and health problems after breaking their marriage. This study aimed to identify the predictors of divorce and the duration of marriage. We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study among 423 randomly selected residents of Dejen Township in April 2020, of which only 369 respondents met the study inclusion criteria. We used structured questionnaires to collect data...

One of the biggest problems with Internet of Things (IoT) applications in the real world is ensuring data integrity. This problem becomes increasingly significant as IoT expands quickly across a variety of industries. This study presents a brand-new data integrity methodology for Internet of Things applications. The "sequence sharing" and "data exchange" stages of the suggested protocol are divided into two parts. During the first phase, each pair of nodes uses a new chaotic model for securely exchanging their identity information to generate a common sequence...

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of trans-epithelial phototherapeutic keratectomy (TE-PTK) as a treatment for recurrent corneal erosion syndrome (RCES) in patients with symptoms refractory to conventional treatments. METHODS: All patients who received TE-PTK treatment for RCES had failed 3 or more conventional treatments and were reviewed, and if met criteria, approved by healthcare workers of the British Columbia public health authority (Medical Services Plan (MSP)...

INTRODUCTION: De la Chapelle Syndrome, also known as 46 XX disorders, is a genetic condition that affects sexual development and presents challenges, in physical, hormonal, and genetic aspects. CASE PRESENTATION: This case study explores a 42-year man with de la Chapelle Syndrome who experienced primary subfertility for eight years. The patient demonstrated delayed development of secondary sexual characteristics, shrinking testes and sparse hair distribution. A team comprising fertility specialists, uro surgeons, endocrinologists and genetic counselors collaborated to develop an approach...

This study examines how retributive motives-the desire to punish for the purpose of inflicting harm in the absence of future benefits-shape third-party punishment behavior across intergroup contexts. Six- to nine-year-olds (N = 151, Mage  = 8.00, SDage  = 1.15; 54% White, 18% mixed ethnicities, 17% Asian American; 46% female; from the USA) could punish ingroup, outgroup, or non-group transgressors by removing positive resources and allocating negative ones. Both punishments were described as retributive, yet allocating negative resources was perceived as more retributive than removing positive ones...

BACKGROUND: CHIVID is a telemedicine solution developed under tight time constraints that assists Thai healthcare practitioners in monitoring non-severe COVID-19 patients in isolation programs during crises. It assesses patient health and notifies healthcare practitioners of high-risk scenarios through a chatbot. The system was designed to integrate with the famous Thai messaging app LINE, reducing development time and enhancing user-friendliness, and the system allowed patients to upload a pulse oximeter image automatically processed by the PACMAN function to extract oxygen saturation and heart rate values to reduce patient input errors...

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of cord blood-assisted haploid peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (haplo-cord-PBSCT) versus unrelated donor peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (UD-PBSCT) in the treatment of malignant hematological diseases. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on one hundred and four patients with malignant hematological diseases who underwent haplo-cord-PBSCT and fifty-two patients who underwent UD-PBSCT at Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between January 2016 and December 2021...

IMPORTANCE: Hospital websites frequently use tracking technologies that transfer user information to third parties. It is not known whether hospital websites include privacy policies that disclose relevant details regarding tracking. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether hospital websites have accessible privacy policies and whether those policies contain key information related to third-party tracking. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this cross-sectional content analysis of website privacy policies of a nationally representative sample of nonfederal acute care hospitals, hospital websites were first measured to determine whether they included tracking technologies that transferred user information to third parties...

In the context of the increasingly diversified blockchain technology, interoperability among heterogeneous blockchains has become key to further advancing this field. Existing cross-chain technologies, while facilitating data and asset exchange between different blockchains to some extent, have exposed issues such as insufficient security, low efficiency, and inconsistent standards. Consequently, these issues give rise to significant obstacles in terms of both scalability and seamless communication among blockchains within a multi-chain framework...

At the centre of POR is the concept of collaboration between patients, therapists, agencies, and third-party payers. For this commentary, I review the articles of the special issue with attention to both the opportunities and challenges offered by practice-oriented research (POR). I also reviewed some previous research on practice-research networks and how that research might inform POR. The use of routine outcome monitoring (ROM), artificial intelligence (AI), and program evaluation (PE) models show promise for advancing POR...

INTRODUCTION: Despite the importance of peer review to publications, there is no generally accepted approach for editorial evaluation of a peer review's value to a journal editor's decision-making. The graduate medical education editors of the Western Journal of Emergency Medicine Special Issue in Educational Research & Practice (Special Issue) developed and studied the holistic editor's scoring rubric (HESR) with the objective of assessing the quality of a review and an emphasis on the degree to which it informs a holistic appreciation for the submission under consideration...

BACKGROUND: Chronic use of cannabis is associated with an increased risk of psychosocial, mental and physical health impairments. Sociohealth institutions reach a very limited proportion of cannabis users in need of treatment. Using data collected from festival attendees, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of dependent cannabis users and to characterize cannabis dependence. METHODS: We used data from the cross-sectional OCTOPUS survey carried out at 13 music events in the French department of Loire-Atlantique between July 2017 and July 2018...

BACKGROUND: Social media with real-time content and a wide-reaching user network opens up more possibilities for palliative and end-of-life care (PEoLC) researchers who have begun to embrace it as a complementary research tool. This review aims to identify the uses of social media in PEoLC studies and to examine the ethical considerations and data collection approaches raised by this research approach. METHODS: Nine online databases were searched for PEoLC research using social media published before December 2022...

Off-label use of pharmaceuticals involves a wide array of aspects ranging from legal and regulatory ones to clinical to safety considerations. Access to off-label therapies is particularly relevant question for patients in areas of unmet medical need. Simultaneously, off-label use also triggers wider considerations relating to social and economic sustainability of health care systems and access to health. National authorities have adapted different regulatory approaches to off-label use of pharmaceuticals, ranging from (1) "regulatory silence"; to (2) allowing off-label use at the discretion of the treating physician; and to (3) a more stringent approach in which off-label use is subject to third party approval...

Super-resolution and single-molecule microscopies have been increasingly applied to complex biological systems. A major challenge of these approaches is that fluorescent puncta must be detected in the low signal, high noise, heterogeneous background environments of cells and tissue. We present RASP, Radiality Analysis of Single Puncta, a bioimaging-segmentation method that solves this problem. RASP removes false-positive puncta that other analysis methods detect and detects features over a broad range of spatial scales: from single proteins to complex cell phenotypes...