Uric acid AND cognition

Uric acid has neuroprotective properties in experimental and clinical studies of neurodegenerative disease. It is, however, associated with increased risk of stroke, yet, despite some inconsistent findings, increasing evidence suggests it may also be related to improved stroke outcomes. We have determined whether there is an effect of plasma uric acid on the short-term outcome of stroke patients in a general hospital setting using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). We also investigated the relationship of uric acid with other clinical correlates...

Serum antioxidants may afford neuroprotection against Alzheimer's disease (AD) via correction of the pro-oxidative imbalance but findings reported have been inconsistent. We compared the pooled mean difference in serum levels of ten dietary antioxidants between patients with AD and cognitively intact controls from 52 studies in meta-analyses using random-effects models. Patients with AD had significantly lower plasma levels of α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, vitamin A, C, and E, and uric acid. No significant difference was observed for plasma levels of β-cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasing global health burden. Disturbance in purine metabolism pathway and a higher level of serum uric acid, called hyperuricemia, is a risk factor of CKD, and it has been linked to increased prevalence and progression of the disease. In a recent study, it has been demonstrated that purine nucleotides and uric acid alter the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Thus, we hypothesize that adenine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, 2,8-dihydroxyadenine and uric acid may potentially interfere with the activity of AChE...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This narrative review aims to highlight recent findings on the relation between uric acid level and cognitive decline or dementia. RECENT FINDINGS: The antioxidant properties of uric acid, which have supported the hypothesis that uric acid may be neuroprotective, have been questioned by preclinical data. Studies investigating the relation between serum uric acid (SUA) level and Alzheimer disease are mostly cross-sectional, and results are often inconclusive...

Uric acid is best known for its role in gout-the most prevalent inflammatory arthritis in humans-that is also described as an unusual complication of anorexia nervosa (AN). However, beyond gout, uric acid could also be involved in the pathophysiology and psychopathology of AN, as it has many biological functions serving as a pro- and antioxidant, neuroprotector, neurostimulant, and activator of the immune response. Further, recent research suggests that uric acid could be a biomarker of mood dysfunction, personality traits, and behavioral patterns...

Enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) are reported to be associated with impaired cognitive function and sleep disorders. It is of clinical importance to understand the risk factors for EPVS. Hyperuricemia increases the risk of hypertension and endothelial dysfunction, which are well recognized to be associated with EPVS. Therefore, we postulated that serum uric acid (SUA) might be associated with EPVS. A total of 665 lacunar stroke patients were enrolled in this study. The SUA concentrations of patients with severe EPVS were much higher than those of patients with mild EPVS (for basal ganglia: 5...

Uric acid has neuroprotective effect on Parkinson's disease (PD) by inhibiting oxidative damage and neuronal cell death. Our previous study has shown that uric acid protected dopaminergic cell line damage through inhibiting accumulation of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). This study aimed to investigate its in vivo neuroprotective effect. PD was induced by MPTP intraperitoneally injection for 7 d in male C57BL/6 mice. Mice were treated with either uric acid (intraperitoneally injection 250 mg/kg) or saline for a total of 13 d...

BACKGROUND: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) represents a transitional stage between normal aging and dementia. Uric acid is a water-soluble antioxidant found in the body. Many recent studies have found that uric acid plays an important role in cognitive impairment, although the effects of uric acid on MCI are not clear. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between uric acid and MCI. METHODS: Using a random sampling method, this study investigated 58 patients with MCI and 57 healthy elderly from January 2016 to November 2016...

Cognitive impairment has been described in elderly subjects with high normal concentrations of serum uric acid. However, it remains unclear if gout confers an increased poorer cognition than those in individuals with asymptomatic hyperuricemia. The present study aimed at evaluating cognitive function in patients suffering from gout in an elderly male population, and further investigating the genetic contributions to the risk of cognitive function.This study examined the cognitive function as assessed by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in 205 male gout patients and 204 controls...

OBJECTIVE: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. Oxidative stress is considered as a key modulator in the development of PD. This study aimed to investigate associations between serum NOX1 (NADPH oxidase1), ferritin, selenium (Se), and uric acid (UA) levels and clinical parameters in patients with PD. DESIGN AND METHODS: Serum levels of NOX1, ferritin, Se, and UA were measured in 40 PD patients and 40 healthy individuals. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to investigate incremental diagnostic value of each factor in the study groups...

Extracts of Ginkgo biloba leaves, a natural source of flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds, are commonly used as therapeutic agents for the improvement of both cognitive and physiological performance. The present study was aimed to test the effects of a six-week supplementation with 160 mg/day of a standardized extract of Ginkgo biloba or a matching placebo on aerobic performance, blood antioxidant capacity, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level in healthy, physically active young men, randomly allocated to two groups (n = 9 each)...

Serum uric acid (SUA) is an abundant natural antioxidant capable of reducing cellular oxidation, a major cause of neurodegenerative disease. In line with this, SUA levels are lower in Alzheimer's disease; however, the association between SUA and cognition remains unclear. Results from studies examining the effects of SUA on cognition may be difficult to interpret in the context of normal versus pathological aging. This study examined sex-specific associations of baseline SUA with cognition during aging. Data from dementia-free participants initially aged 26-99 (N = 1,451) recruited for the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA), were used in the current analyses...

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the association between SUA levels within a normal to high range and the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among community elderly. METHODS: The present study was based on 2102 community elderly from a cross-sectional study conducted in a representative urban area of Beijing between 2009 and 2010. The mean age were 71.2 ± 6.6 years old, 59.7% were female. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to assess cognitive function by trained neurology doctors...

Dementia is one of the most common geriatric diseases, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered to be incipient dementia. MCI patients have elevated risk of progressing to dementia. Multiple metabolic abnormalities have an unconfirmed effect on MCI risk, and taking adequate measures against metabolic abnormalities might prevent the developing of MCI. Thus, the present study explored the association of MCI risk with common metabolic abnormalities, such as hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, hyperlipidemia and hypouricemia, and to provide the basis for MCI prevention...

We investigated oxidative stress markers and metal ions in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The serum levels of ceruloplasmin (CER), C-reactive protein (CRP), uric acid (UA), homocysteine (Hcy), copper, iron, and zinc were determined in 125 patients with AD (mild, n = 2 8; moderate, n = 42; and severe, n = 55) and 40 healthy control (HC) participants. Compared to HC, CER and UA levels were significantly lower in moderate and severe AD groups, whereas CRP and Hcy levels were significantly higher in the severe AD group...

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is regarded as incipient dementia. Patients with MCI have increased risk of later progressing to dementia. Blood uric acid (UA) is an important non-enzymatic antioxidant in peripheral circulation, and plays an unconfirmed protective role in MCI. Furthermore, obesity-induced inflammation, which affects UA metabolism and MCI onset, might regulate such protective role. Thus, the aim of the study was to determine the relationship of UA to MCI and the potential effect from inflammation...

BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic values of serum levels of Hcy and UA for predicting vascular mild cognitive impairment (VMCI) in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). MATERIAL AND METHODS We selected 172 cerebral SVD patients and divided them into a VMCI group and a non-VMCI group. Eighty-six healthy individuals without nervous system diseases were selected as the control group. Enzymatic cycling method was performed to detect serum Hcy and UA levels. Serum levels of folic acid (FOA) and vitamin B12 (VitB12) were detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay...

There is a direct relationship between fructose intake and serum levels of uric acid (UA), which is the final product of purine metabolism. Recent preclinical and clinical evidence suggests that chronic hyperuricemia is an independent risk factor for hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. It is probably also an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease, Type 2 diabetes, and cognitive decline. These relationships have been observed for high serum UA levels (>5.5 mg/dL in women and >6 mg/dL in men), but also for normal to high serum UA levels (5-6 mg/dL)...

BACKGROUND: Uric acid (UA) is a powerful antioxidant that may have neuroprotective properties, yet it is also a risk factor of vascular disease that predisposes individuals to cognitive impairment. Results from longitudinal studies on UA and cognitive decline remain controversial. OBJECTIVE: We examined the associations of baseline plasma UA level with follow-up cognitive function as well as cognitive decline over time among a large sample of middle-aged and older Chinese...

BACKGROUND: Serum uric acid (SUA) may protect against free radical stress damage and was previously linked to cognitive impairment in older adults, but evidence in middle-aged adults is scarce. PURPOSE: We sought to analyze whether SUA is associated with cognitive performance in apparently healthy middle-aged participants in the ELSA-Brasil cohort study. METHODS: We excluded participants older than age 65, those taking allopurinol, benzbromarone, or medications that could impair cognitive performance, those with previous stroke, and those with incomplete data on cognitive tests or SUA...