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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Efficient production of salvianic acid A from L-dihydroxyphenylalanine through a tri-enzyme cascade.
Jiahui Yang, Wanqing Wei, Changzheng Gao, Wei Song, Cong Gao, Xiulai Chen, Jia Liu, Liang Guo, Liming Liu, Jing Wu
Salvianic acid A (SAA), used for treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, possesses several pharmacological properties. However, the current methods for the enzymatic synthesis of SAA show low efficiency. Here, we constructed a three-enzyme cascade pathway in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) to produce SAA from L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA). The phenylpyruvate reductase (LaPPR) from Lactobacillus sp. CGMCC 9967 is a rate-limiting enzyme in this process. Therefore, we employed a mechanism-guided protein engineering strategy to shorten the transfer distances of protons and hydrides, generating an optimal LaPPR mutant, LaPPRMu2 (H89M/H143D/P256C), with a 2...
May 1, 2023: Bioresources and Bioprocessing
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Methods for Generating Self-Organizing Human Patterned Heart Organoids Using Pluripotent Stem Cells.
Brett Volmert, Aitor Aguirre
Organoids derived from pluripotent stem cells exhibit notable similarities to organ development in vitro. Nonetheless, cardiac organoids generated to date possess immature phenotypes and are unable to model the full spectrum of heart development and disease. Here, we describe the developmental maturation of human heart organoids by controlled exposure to metabolic and hormonal factors over a 10-day period, mirroring key stages of human cardiac development and resulting in significant molecular, cellular, morphological, and functional changes...
April 23, 2024: Methods in Molecular Biology
#3
REVIEW
Gursharan Kaur, Rajinder Kaur, Gurleen Kaur Sodhi, Nancy George, Santosh Kumar Rath, Harleen Kaur Walia, Vagish Dwibedi, Sanjai Saxena
In modern times, medicine is predominantly based on evidence-based practices, whereas in ancient times, indigenous people relied on plant-based medicines with factual evidence documented in ancient books or folklore that demonstrated their effectiveness against specific infections. Plants and microbes account for 70% of drugs approved by the USFDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). Stilbenes, polyphenolic compounds synthesized by plants under stress conditions, have garnered significant attention for their therapeutic potential, bridging ancient wisdom with modern healthcare...
April 22, 2024: Archives of Microbiology
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gurleen Kaur, Khaled Abdelrahman, Adam N Berman, David W Biery, Arthur Shiyovich, Daniel Huck, Michael Garshick, Ron Blankstein, Brittany Weber
The strong association between lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease has led to considerations of Lp(a) being a potential target for mitigating residual cardiovascular risk. While approximately 20 % of the population has an Lp(a) level greater than 50 mg/dL, there are no currently available pharmacological lipid-lowering therapies that have demonstrated substantial reduction in Lp(a). Novel therapies to lower Lp(a) include antisense oligonucleotides and small-interfering ribonucleic acid molecules and have shown promising results in phase 2 trials...
June 2024: American journal of preventive cardiology
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hongtao Yu, Peter Greasley, Hiddo Lambers-Heerspink, David W Boulton, Bengt Hamrén, K Melissa Hallow
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor with strong anti-natriuretic and anti-diuretic effects. While many experimental studies have elucidated the mechanisms of ET-1 through its two receptors, ETA and ETB , the complexity of responses and sometimes conflicting data make it challenging to understand the effects of ET-1, as well as potential therapeutic antagonism of ET-1 receptors, on human physiology. In this study, we aimed to develop an integrated and quantitative description of ET-1 effects on cardiovascular and renal function in healthy humans by coupling existing experimental data with a mathematical model of ET-1 kinetics and an existing mathematical model of cardiorenal function...
2024: Frontiers in Pharmacology
#6
Fabio Vescini, Giorgio Borretta, Iacopo Chiodini, Marco Boniardi, Marina Carotti, Elena Castellano, Cristiana Cipriani, Cristina Eller-Vainicher, Sandro Giannini, Maurizio Iacobone, Antonio Stefano Salcuni, Federica Saponaro, Stefano Spiezia, Annibale Versari, Guido Zavatta, Zuzana Mitrova, Rosella Saulle, Simona Vecchi, Debora Antonini, Michele Basile, Alexia Giovanazzi, Agostino Paoletta, Enrico Papini, Agnese Persichetti, Irene Samperi, Alessandro Scoppola, Roberto Novizio, Pietro Giorgio Calò, Filomena Cetani, Luisella Cianferotti, Sabrina Corbetta, Maria Luisa De Rimini, Alberto Falchetti, Giovanni Iannetti, Stefano Laureti, Celestino Pio Lombardi, Bruno Madeo, Claudio Marcocci, Sandro Mazzaferro, Vittorio Miele, Salvatore Minisola, Andrea Palermo, Jessica Pepe, Alfredo Scillitani, Laura Tonzar, Franco Grimaldi, Renato Cozzi, Roberto Attanasio
AIM: This guideline (GL) is aimed at providing a clinical practice reference for the management of sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in adults. PHPT management in pregnancy was not considered. METHODS: This GL has been developed following the methods described in the Manual of the Italian National Guideline System. For each question, the panel appointed by Associazione Medici Endocrinology (AME) and Società Italiana dell'Osteoporosi, del Metabolismo Minerale e delle Malattie dello Scheletro (SIOMMMS) identified potentially relevant outcomes, which were then rated for their impact on therapeutic choices...
December 23, 2023: Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders Drug Targets
#7
REVIEW
YanJun Zhang, Lijuan Zhan, Xue Jiang, Xiaozhu Tang
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are an assorted collection of transcripts that are not translated into proteins. Since their discovery, ncRNAs have gained prominence as crucial regulators of various biological functions across diverse cell types and tissues, and their abnormal functioning has been implicated in disease. Notably, extensive research has focused on the relationship between microRNAs (miRNAs) and human cancers, although other types of ncRNAs, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are also emerging as significant contributors to human disease...
April 19, 2024: Biochemical Pharmacology
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thiago S Oliveira, Hericles M Campos, Rafael M Costa, Raphaela C Georg, Jacqueline A Leite, Rita C Tostes, Elson A Costa, Fernanda Cristina A Santos, Núbia S Lobato, Fernando P Filgueira, Paulo César Ghedini
Estrone (E1) constitutes the primary component in oral conjugated equine estrogens (CEEs) and serves as the principal estrogen precursor in the female circulation in the post-menopause. E1 induces endothelium-dependent vasodilation and activate PI3K/NO/cGMP signaling. To assess whether E1 mitigates vascular dysfunction associated with postmenopause and explore the underlying mechanisms, we examined the vascular effects of E1 in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, a postmenopausal experimental model. Blood pressure was measured using tail-cuff plethysmography, and aortic rings were isolated to assess responses to phenylephrine, acetylcholine (ACh), and sodium nitroprusside...
April 21, 2024: Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Johan Sundström, Anna Norhammar, Stelios Karayiannides, Johan Bodegård, Stefan Gustafsson, Thomas Cars, Maria Eriksson Svensson, Johan Ärnlöv
OBJECTIVES: Identify the windows of opportunity for the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the prevention of its adverse outcomes and quantify the potential population gains of such prevention. DESIGN AND SETTING: Observational, population-wide study of residents in the Stockholm and Skåne regions of Sweden between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2020. PARTICIPANTS: All patients who did not yet have a diagnosis of CKD in healthcare but had CKD according to laboratory measurements of CKD biomarkers available in electronic health records...
April 19, 2024: BMJ Open
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REVIEW
Michele D'Alto, Roberto Badagliacca, Edoardo Airò, Pietro Ameri, Paola Argiento, Andrea Garascia, Carlo Mario Lombardi, Massimiliano Mulè, Claudia Raineri, Laura Scelsi, Carmine Dario Vizza, Stefano Ghio
A comprehensive evaluation of risk, using multiple indices, is necessary to provide reliable prognostic information and guide therapy in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The current ESC/ERS guidelines suggest using a three-strata model for incident (newly diagnosed) patients and a four-strata model for prevalent patients with PAH. The four-strata model serves as a fundamental risk-stratification tool and relies on a minimal dataset of indicators that must be considered during follow-up. Nevertheless, there are still areas of vagueness and ambiguity when classifying and managing patients in the intermediate-risk category...
April 18, 2024: Vascular Pharmacology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jianfa Wu, Ying Cui, Weixing Ding, Jing Zhang, Lulu Wang
Myocardial injury (MI) signifies a pathological aspect of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as coronary artery disease, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and myocarditis. Macrostemonoside T (MST) has been isolated from Allium macrostemon Bunge (AMB), a key traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used for treating chest stuffiness and pains. Although MST has demonstrated considerable antioxidant activity in vitro, its protective effect against MI remains unexplored. To investigate MST's effects in both in vivo and in vitro models of isoproterenol (ISO)-induced MI and elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms...
April 19, 2024: International Immunopharmacology
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pengyi Chen, Chengguo Pang, Lincheng Bai, Yulong Zhang, Peiliang Dong, Hua Han
DangGui-KuShen (DK) is a well-known classic traditional Chinese medicine recipe that improves blood circulation, eliminates moisture, and detoxifies, and is frequently used in the treatment of cardiovascular problems. Some protective effects of DK on cardiovascular disease have previously been identified, but its precise mechanism remains unknown. The goal of this study is to combine metabolomics and network pharmacology to investigate DK's protective mechanism in Ischemic Heart Disease(IHD) rat models. A combination of metabolomics and network pharmacology based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS technology was used in this study to verify the effect of DK on IHD through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, HE staining, and electrocardiogram, and it was determined that DK improves the synergistic mechanism of IHD...
April 10, 2024: Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuanqun Zhou, Yu Zhu, Yue Wu, Xinming Xiang, Xingnan Ouyang, Liangming Liu, Tao Li
INTRODUCTION: Cardiac dysfunction after sepsis the most common and severe sepsis-related organ failure. The severity of cardiac damage in sepsis patients was positively associated to mortality. It is important to look for drugs targeting sepsis-induced cardiac damage. Our previous studies found that 4-phenylbutyric acid (PBA) was beneficial to septic shock by improving cardiovascular function and survival, while the specific mechanism is unclear. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to explore the specific mechanism and PBA for protecting cardiac function in sepsis...
April 19, 2024: Metabolomics: Official Journal of the Metabolomic Society
#14
REVIEW
Hui Zhang, Jianxiu Li, Mengxue Diao, Jianbin Li, Nengzhong Xie
Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen is a traditional medicinal herb known as Sanqi or Tianqi in Asia and is commonly used worldwide. It is one of the main raw ingredients of Yunnan Baiyao, Fu fang dan shen di wan, and San qi shang yao pian. It is also a source of cardiotonic pill used to treat cardiovascular diseases in China, Korea, and Russia. Approximately 270 Panax notoginseng saponins have been isolated and identified as the major active components. Although the absorption and bioavailability of saponins are predominantly dependent on the gastrointestinal biotransformation capacity of an individual, minor saponins are better absorbed into the bloodstream and act as active substances than major saponins...
April 17, 2024: Phytochemistry
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu-Ting Wu, Guo-Yong Zhang, Lei Li, Bin Liu, Ru-Yu Wang, Rong-Qiang Song, Yue Hua, Yi-Ming Bi, Xin Han, Feng Zhang, Dong Wang, Ling-Peng Xie, Ying-Chun Zhou
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Ferroptosis, a recently identified non-apoptotic form of cell death reliant on iron, is distinguished by an escalation in lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are iron-dependent. This phenomenon has a strong correlation with irregularities in iron metabolism and lipid peroxidation. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (DS), a medicinal herb frequently utilized in China, is highly esteemed for its therapeutic effectiveness in enhancing blood circulation and ameliorating blood stasis, particularly during the treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)...
April 17, 2024: Journal of Ethnopharmacology
#16
REVIEW
Tyler Drake, Adrienne Landsteiner, Lisa Langsetmo, Roderick MacDonald, Maylen Anthony, Caleb Kalinowski, Kristen Ullman, Charles J Billington, Anjum Kaka, Shahnaz Sultan, Timothy J Wilt
BACKGROUND: Newer diabetes medications may have beneficial effects on mortality, cardiovascular outcomes, and renal outcomes. PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness, comparative effectiveness, and harms of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) agonists, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors, and long-acting insulins as monotherapy or combination therapy in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE and EMBASE for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from 2010 through January 2023...
April 19, 2024: Annals of Internal Medicine
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amir Qaseem, Adam J Obley, Tatyana Shamliyan, Lauri A Hicks, Curtis S Harrod, Carolyn J Crandall
DESCRIPTION: The American College of Physicians (ACP) developed this clinical guideline to update recommendations on newer pharmacologic treatments of type 2 diabetes. This clinical guideline is based on the best available evidence for effectiveness, comparative benefits and harms, consideration of patients' values and preferences, and costs. METHODS: This clinical guideline is based on a systematic review of the effectiveness and harms of newer pharmacologic treatments of type 2 diabetes, including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists, a GLP-1 agonist and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide agonist, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, and long-acting insulins, used either as monotherapy or in combination with other medications...
April 19, 2024: Annals of Internal Medicine
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Y Wang, X-W Xu, S Zhou, J-N Li
OBJECTIVE: Bebtelovimab (BEB), Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab (TIX/CIL), and Sotrovimab (SOT) are important agents against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-Omicron strain. However, due to their short duration of application, little is known about their safety profiles. This research aimed to explore the safety profile of these monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) via real-world evidence databases and data mining tools. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Safety reports were retrieved from the database of the U...
April 2024: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Vinciguerra, M D'Abramo, S Iuliano, F Arlotta, F Baldascino, M Cioffi, L Fimiani, R A Mozzillo, V Sganga, A Spadafora, E Vitagliano, G Sepolvere, A De Bellis, C Gaudio, E Greco
OBJECTIVE: Transit-time flow measurement (TTFM) represents a valid tool in the assessment of the quality of the anastomosis during coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Nevertheless, a high variability limits its standardized use, lacking univocally accepted cut-off flow values. Our study analyzes TTFM data collected from a study population that underwent off-pump CABG (OP-CABG), with the aim to differentiate into subgroups according to the presence of diabetes mellitus. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients referred to the Cardiovascular Unit of S...
April 2024: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
B Kaya, B Mete, M Balal, N Seyrek, I Karayaylali
UNLABELLED: OBJECTIVE: Identifying reliable predictors of mortality in end-stage renal disease patients is crucial for patient outcomes. Aortic knob width is a radiographic parameter used to assess cardiovascular diseases and atherosclerosis. This study investigated the association between aortic knob width and mortality in hemodialysis patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included data collected between 2007 and 2022 from 103 patients aged between 18 and 85 who had been undergoing hemodialysis treatment for at least one year...
April 2024: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
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