Vineet Gauhar, Carlo Giulioni, Nariman Gadzhiev, Virgilio De Stefano, Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh, Ho Yee Tiong, Kazumi Taguchi, Giulio Milanese, Andrea Benedetto Galosi, Bhaskar Kumar Somani, Daniele Castellani
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Kidney puncture is a key step in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Ultrasound/fluoroscopic-guided access to the collecting systems is commonly used in PCNL. Performing a puncture is often challenging in kidneys with congenital malformations or complex staghorn stones. We aim to perform a systematic review to examine data on in vivo applications, outcomes, and limitations of using artificial intelligence and robotics for access in PCNL. RECENT FINDINGS: The literature search was performed on November 2, 2022, using Embase, PubMed, and Google Scholar...
March 10, 2023: Current Urology Reports