OHTN

Purpose: There is some evidence suggesting a different nature of response to selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) among different races. Therefore, we aimed to assess the short-term efficacy, safety and nature of outcome of SLT in Omani eyes. Patients and Methods: A retrospective review was performed of patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) or ocular hypertension (OHTN) who underwent a single session of 360-degree SLT between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2018...

PURPOSE: To describe a case of plateau iris syndrome (PIS) and angle-closure glaucoma (ACG) in a patient with nail-patella syndrome (NPS). OBSERVATION: A 33 year-old woman of Slovakian ancestry from Norway with a history of NPS presented with angle-closure secondary to plateau iris. At the time of her NPS diagnosis, she had no ocular pathology. Genetic testing revealed a rare de novo mutation in LMX1B [c.668G>C (p.Arg223Pro)]. Two years later, she experienced acute bilateral ocular pain and blurred vision in the setting of one year of reported visual loss...

We designed a retrospective observational study to identify factors associated with ocular hypertension [OHTN, defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) > 25 mmHg] after intravitreal dexamethasone (IVD) implantation in diabetic macular edema (DME) patients. We measured IOP monthly after placement of an IVD implant, and identified the trend of IOP, incidence of OHTN, and its associated systemic or ocular factors. On average, IOP was highest at 2 months after IVD implantation. Of 84 DME patients who received an IVD implant, 3 (3...

PURPOSE: To assess the incidence of ocular hypertension (OHTN) following penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) versus deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) corneal transplant surgeries, and to assess the impact of indication for transplantation versus surgery type on OHTN development. METHODS: A retrospective study of 76 eyes of 76 patients who underwent PKP or DALK between 1 January 2009 and 1 September 2014. Data included: preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP), indication and type of surgery, post-surgical IOP at 1 to 5, 14 to 21 days, 3, 6 months, 1 year and at the last follow up...

PURPOSE: Steroid-induced ocular hypertension (OHTN) after penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) may cause irreversible damage to the optic nerve and graft failure. The purpose of this study is to report the first case of a post PKP patient with poorly controlled IOP, successfully treated with Kahook Dual Blade (KDB) goniotomy in both eyes. OBSERVATIONS: The patient was a 62-year old male with prior PKP in both eyes for lattice corneal degeneration. After an uncomplicated phacoemulsification in the left eye, his IOP increased to 32 mmHg on maximum tolerated IOP lowering therapy, including oral acetazolamide...

Background: We aimed to identify the association between stress and antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among women in HIV care in Toronto, Ontario participating in the Ontario HIV Treatment Network Cohort Study (OCS) between 2007 and 2012. Materials and methods: We conducted cross-sectional analyses with women on ART completing the AIDS Clinical Trial Group (ACTG) Adherence Questionnaire. Data closest to, or at the last completed interview, were collected from medical charts, through record linkage with Public Health Ontario Laboratories, and from a standardized self-reported questionnaire comprised of socio-demographic and psycho-socio-behavioral measures (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)), and stress measures (National Population Health Survey)...

BACKGROUND: Our objective was to quantify the extent of anal cancer screening among men receiving HIV specialty care in Ontario, Canada, and evaluate factors associated with screening. SETTING: Cross-sectional questionnaire within a multisite clinical HIV cohort. METHODS: A questionnaire assessing knowledge and experience with human papillomavirus-associated diseases and their prevention was administered in 2016-2017 to 1677 men in the Ontario HIV Treatment Network Cohort Study...

Introduction : Netarsudil and latanoprost ophthalmic solution (0.02%/0.005%) is indicated for intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) or ocular hypertension (OHTN). The once-daily agent combines the mechanism of action for each of the individual components and provides a new avenue for long-term intraocular pressure control. This review aims to cover the agent's current efficacy and safety data and opine as to its role in glaucoma management. Areas covered : This article will cover Phase II-III clinical efficacy and safety data as well as basic science literature pertaining to the agent's mechanism of action and pharmacodynamics...

Importance: Techniques that properly identify patients in whom ocular hypertension (OHTN) is likely to progress to open-angle glaucoma can assist clinicians with deciding on the frequency of monitoring and the potential benefit of early treatment. Objective: To test whether Kalman filtering (KF), a machine learning technique, can accurately forecast mean deviation (MD), pattern standard deviation, and intraocular pressure values 5 years into the future for patients with OHTN...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Obese individuals with recommendation for bariatric surgery (BS) exhibit increased cardiovascular risk. The association of obesity with comorbidities, such as arterial hypertension (HTN) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can worsen cardiovascular dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate the effect of HTN on cardiac autonomic function and whether diabetes exacerbates HTN-related impairment of autonomic function in obese subjects. METHODS: Samples (n=63) were allocated to three groups: Obese without HTN and T2DM (n=29), Obese with HTN (OHTN, n=17) and OHTN with T2DM (OHTN+T2DM, n=17), in which anthropometric measures, body composition, blood biochemical parameters, blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV) were evaluated...

BACKGROUND: To support AIDS service organisations and other community-based organisations' use of research evidence to inform HIV-related programmes, services and policies, the Ontario HIV Treatment Network (OHTN) developed a Rapid Response Service. The final product of the rapid response process at the OHTN, which is more streamlined than that of traditional systematic reviews, consists of a detailed report answering questions regarding an HIV-specific issue and how the findings apply within the local context...

PRECIS: In a small case series of patients with uveitis-associated ocular hypertension (OHTN) or glaucoma, goniotomy with Kahook Dual Blade (KDB) was an effective surgical treatment option for lowering intraocular pressure (IOP). PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to review the success of goniotomy using the KDB with trabecular meshwork (TM) excision in lowering the IOP of patients with uveitis-associated OHTN or glaucoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective chart review was completed for all patients with uveitis-associated OHTN or glaucoma who underwent KDB goniotomy with TM excision alone or in combination with phacoemulsification cataract surgery at a single institution...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of alternate nostril breathing (ANB) and foot reflexology (FR) on lower intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with ocular hypertension (OHTN). This prospective pilot study recruited 11 patients from 2014 to 2016 from Temple opthamology outpatient clinic. Patients had OHTN with ages of 48-78 years. Patients were excluded if they currently performed ANB or FR, were unable to perform the task, had previous eye surgery or laser, were receiving other complementary and alternative medicine for OHTN, or were unable to complete drug washout period...

OBJECTIVES: Selection as a consequence of volunteer participation in, and loss to follow-up from, cohort studies may bias estimates of mortality and other health outcomes. To quantify this potential, we estimated mortality and health service use among people living with HIV (PLWH) who were lost to cohort follow-up (LTCFU) from a volunteer clinical HIV-infected cohort, and compared these to mortality and health service use in active cohort participants and non-cohort-participants living with HIV in Ontario, Canada...

Blindness from glaucoma can be prevented by early detection and treatment. Telemedicine improves access to treatment in high-risk populations that face barriers to receiving adequate ophthalmic care. We used a practice-based telemedicine screening model at two health centers. Telemedicine imaging of the fundus and optic nerve, followed by a complete eye exam at the same location for participants with abnormal findings, unreadable images, or ocular hypertension (OHTN), was performed. A total of 182 participants were screened, of whom 108 qualified for a complete eye exam...

OBJECTIVES: Timely HIV diagnosis and presentation to medical care are important for treatment and prevention. Our objective was to measure late diagnosis, delayed presentation and late presentation among individuals in the Ontario HIV Treatment Network Cohort Study (OCS) who were newly diagnosed in Ontario. METHODS: The OCS is a multi-site clinical cohort study of people living with HIV in Ontario, Canada. We measured prevalence of late diagnosis [CD4 count < 350 cells/μL or an AIDS-defining condition (ADC) within 3 months of HIV diagnosis], delayed presentation (≥ 3 months from HIV diagnosis to presentation to care), and late presentation (CD4 count < 350 cells/μL or ADC within 3 months of presentation)...

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to determine the 24-h effects of pilocarpine 2% ophthalmic solution on intraocular pressure (IOP) and ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) when used in addition to prostaglandin analog (PGA) therapy. METHODS: Twenty-seven patients with ocular hypertension (OHTN) or open angle glaucoma who were receiving stable monotherapy with a PGA were admitted to an inpatient sleep laboratory for 24-h monitoring of IOP, blood pressure (BP), and heart rate over 2 separate visits...

We sought to estimate the prevalence of childhood adversity and examine its relationship with health outcomes among people living with HIV. Study participants included 1409 adults living with HIV and receiving care in Toronto, Canada. Data on childhood adversity, health behaviors, HIV outcome measures, depression, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) were collected through face-to-face interviews and medical records. Statistical analyses included multivariable linear and logistic regression modeling. The prevalence of any childhood adversity was 71% (individual types ranged from 11% to 44%) and higher prevalence was associated with younger age, Indigenous or African/Caribbean/Black ethnicity, lower socioeconomic status, and higher rates of cigarette smoking and nonmedicinal drug use...

PURPOSE: Age related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible visual loss in developed countries. It is associated with vascular risk factors including hypertension. Dysregulated blood pressure (BP) behaviour including orthostatic hypertension (OHTN), hypotension (OH) and BP variability (BPV) are associated with end-organ damage, particularly in the brain. We investigated if abnormal orthostatic BP (OBP) was a risk factor for AMD, for which a vascular aetiology is implicated...

BACKGROUND: The "cascade of care" is a framework for quantifying the trajectory of people with HIV along the continuum of HIV care. We extended this framework to recognize that individuals may transition back and forth between states of care and to identify factors associated with movement among states of care over time, with particular focus on stress, depression, and adherence. METHODS: The Ontario HIV Treatment Network Cohort Study is a multisite HIV clinical cohort...