keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537147/first-report-of-phytophthora-niederhauserii-causing-root-rot-of-carob-tree-ceratonia-siliqua-l-in-spain
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carolina Francia, Josep Armengol, Paloma Abad-Campos
Carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) is a crop native to the Mediterranean Basin mainly being used as livestock feed, in pharmaceutical industry, and also a valuable source of human food due to the high dietary fibre and sugar contents. In January 2023, one-year-old 'Duraio' carob trees grafted on 'Rojal' rootstock on pots showing dark brown to necrotic lesions on the secondary roots, decline symptoms and leading to the death of some plants, were detected in a nursery located at the Valencian Community region in Spain...
March 27, 2024: Plant Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537146/first-report-of-neofabraea-actinidiae-causing-a-cranberry-fruit-rot-in-oregon
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Don C Valentine, Brenda T Shaffer, Gayle C McGhee, Cassie Bouska, Virginia Stockwell
Cranberry ( Vaccinium macrocarpon , L.) is a commercial small fruit that is native to North America. Oregon ranks fourth in cranberry production in the U.S.A. with 1052 Ha of cranberry beds and annual production of 23,590 metric tonnes (USDA NASS 2021). Cranberry fruit rot diseases are caused by a complex of 15 fungal pathogens belonging to 10 genera (Polashock et al. 2017). In fruit rot surveys of 'Stevens' cranberry beds in Coos and Curry Counties, Oregon, berries were collected before harvest and sorted by symptoms (e...
March 27, 2024: Plant Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537143/-fusarium-amaranthuense-sp-nov-from-amaranth-is-an-emergent-species-closely-related-to-fusarium-circinatum
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Oliul Hassan, Hyunjoo Ryu, Sang-Yeob Lee, Hyo-Won Choi
Amaranth ( Amaranthus spp. L) is not native to South Korea but cultivated in small scales for ornamental purposes as well as leafy vegetables and pseudo cereals. In this study, a new species within the genus Fusarium was isolated from amaranth, showing stem rot symptoms from a farmer field in Hwaseong, South Korea. The disease is characterized by dark-brown spots with black borders, leading to withering. Phylogenetic analysis based on concatenated sequences of translation elongation factor 1-alpha ( TEF1 ), beta-tubulin ( tub2 ), calmodulin ( cmdA ), RNA polymerase largest subunit ( RPB1 ) and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit ( RPB2 ) genes, revealed that the obtained isolates were formed a distinct clade within the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex and closely related to F ...
March 27, 2024: Plant Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536056/plant-soil-interactions-during-the-native-and-exotic-range-expansion-of-an-annual-plant
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicky Lustenhouwer, Tom M R Chaubet, Miranda K Melen, Wim H van der Putten, Ingrid M Parker
Range expansions, whether they are biological invasions or climate change-mediated range shifts, may have profound ecological and evolutionary consequences for plant-soil interactions. Range-expanding plants encounter soil biota with which they have a limited coevolutionary history, especially when introduced to a new continent. Past studies have found mixed results on whether plants experience positive or negative soil feedback interactions in their novel range, and these effects often change over time. One important theoretical explanation is that plants locally adapt to the soil pathogens and mutualists in their novel range...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Evolutionary Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535829/new-analytical-approach-to-quinolizidine-alkaloids-and-their-assumed-biosynthesis-pathways-in-lupin-seeds
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dvory Namdar, Patrick P J Mulder, Eyal Ben-Simchon, Yael Hacham, Loai Basheer, Ofer Cohen, Marcelo Sternberg, Oren Shelef
Alkaloids play an essential role in protecting plants against herbivores. Humans can also benefit from the pharmacological effects of these compounds. Plants produce an immense variety of structurally different alkaloids, including quinolizidine alkaloids, a group of bi-, tri-, and tetracyclic compounds produced by Lupinus species. Various lupin species produce different alkaloid profiles. To study the composition of quinolizidine alkaloids in lupin seeds, we collected 31 populations of two wild species native to Israel, L...
March 21, 2024: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535340/taxonomic-and-functional-diversity-of-flower-visiting-insects-in-coffee-crops
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Juan Diego Maldonado-Cepeda, Jesús Hernando Gómez, Pablo Benavides, Juliana Jaramillo, Zulma Nancy Gil
Despite the important role that flower-visiting insects play in agricultural production, none of the previous studies of coffee pollinators in Colombia have incorporated functional diversity into their analysis. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify the abundance, richness, and functional diversity of insects that visit flowers in coffee crops. Twenty-eight plots were selected among five sites in the north, center, and south of Colombia. In each plot, coffee flower insect visitors were collected and recorded on 90 trees at eight-minute intervals per tree, at three different times over three days...
February 21, 2024: Insects
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534418/environmental-effects-during-early-life-history-stages-and-seed-development-on-seed-functional-traits-of-an-australian-native-legume-species
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fernanda C Beveridge, Alwyn Williams, Robyn Cave, Sundaravelpandian Kalaipandian, Mirza M Haque, Steve W Adkins
Understanding how seed functional traits interact with environmental factors to determine seedling recruitment is critical to assess the impact of climate change on ecosystem restoration. This study focused on the effects of environmental factors on the mother plant during early plant life history stages and during seed development. Desmodium brachypodum A. Gray (large tick trefoil, Fabaceae) was used as a model species. Firstly, this study analyzed seed germination traits in response to temperature and moisture stress...
February 27, 2024: Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534142/glycine-betaine-metabolism-is-enabled-in-methylorubrum-extorquens-pa1-by-alterations-to-dimethylglycine-dehydrogenase
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zachary T Hying, Tyler J Miller, Chin Yi Loh, Jannell V Bazurto
Low nutrient availability is a key characteristic of the phyllosphere (the aerial surface of plants). Phyllospheric bacteria utilize a wide array of carbon sources generated by plant hosts. Glycine betaine (GB) is a plant-derived compound that can be metabolized by certain members of the phyllosphere microbiota. Metabolism of glycine betaine generates formaldehyde, an intermediate of methylotrophic metabolism, leading us to investigate how the ubiquitous plant colonizing bacterium Methylorubrum extorquens PA1 might metabolize GB encountered in its native environment...
March 27, 2024: Applied and Environmental Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534057/ethnomedical-uses-biocompounds-and-biological-properties-of-cereus-jamacaru-dc-cactaceae-a-comprehensive-review
#9
REVIEW
Leila Magda Rodrigues Almeida, Luzimar Gonzaga Fernandez
Cereus jamacaru , popularly known as mandacaru, is a Cacactacea native to the Caatinga of Brazil, but it is distributed in arid and semiarid regions worldwide. This plant is used for various purposes, such as food, animal fodder, civil construction, and as an ornamental and medicinal plant. Traditional medicine uses the cladodes, roots, and seeds of C. jamacaru to treat various diseases. This review discusses the ethnobotanical uses, phytochemical composition, and biological properties of C. jamacaru . The data demonstrate that C...
March 27, 2024: Natural Product Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533400/field-based-measurement-tools-to-distinguish-clonal-typha-taxa-and-estimate-biomass-a-resource-for-conservation-and-restoration
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brian M Ohsowski, Cassidy Redding, Pamela Geddes, Shane C Lishawa
Two species of clonal Typha [ T. latifolia (native) and T. angustifolia (exotic)] hybridize to form the highly invasive, heterotic (high vigor) T. × glauca in North American wetlands leading to increased primary production, litter accumulation, and biodiversity loss. Conservation of T. latifolia has become critical as invasive Typha has overwhelmed wetlands. In the field, Typha taxa identification is difficult due to subtle differences in morphology, and molecular identification is often unfeasible for managers...
2024: Frontiers in Plant Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532083/identification-of-a-sugarcane-bacilliform-virus-promoter-that-is-activated-by-drought-stress-in-plants
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sheng-Ren Sun, Xiao-Bin Wu, Jian-Sheng Chen, Mei-Ting Huang, Hua-Ying Fu, Qin-Nan Wang, Philippe Rott, San-Ji Gao
Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is an important sugar and biofuel crop in the world. It is frequently subjected to drought stress, thus causing considerable economic losses. Transgenic technology is an effective breeding approach to improve sugarcane tolerance to drought using drought-inducible promoter(s) to activate drought-resistance gene(s). In this study, six different promoters were cloned from sugarcane bacilliform virus (SCBV) genotypes exhibiting high genetic diversity. In β-glucuronidase (GUS) assays, expression of one of these promoters (PSCBV-YZ2060 ) is similar to the one driven by the CaMV 35S promoter and >90% higher compared to the other cloned promoters and Ubi1...
March 26, 2024: Communications Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531924/the-direction-timing-and-demography-of-popillia-japonica-coleoptera-invasion-reconstructed-using-complete-mitochondrial-genomes
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francesco Nardi, Sara Boschi, Rebecca Funari, Claudio Cucini, Elena Cardaioli, Daniel Potter, Shin-Ichiro Asano, Duarte Toubarro, Michela Meier, Francesco Paoli, Antonio Carapelli, Francesco Frati
The Japanese beetle Popillia japonica is a pest insect that feeds on hundreds of species of wild and cultivated plants including important fruit, vegetable, and field crops. Native to Japan, the pest has invaded large areas of the USA, Canada, the Azores (Portugal), Italy, and Ticino (Switzerland), and it is considered a priority for control in the European Union. We determined the complete mitochondrial genome sequence in 86 individuals covering the entire distribution of the species. Phylogenetic analysis supports a major division between South Japan and Central/North Japan, with invasive samples coming from the latter...
March 26, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530816/corythauma-ayyari-insecta-heteroptera-tingidae-depends-on-its-host-plant-to-spread-in-europe
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Manon Durand, Eric Guilbert
Biological invasions increase with the intensity of globalization, human activities, and climate change. Insects represent a high potential of invasive species due to their adaptability to new environment. We analysed here the potential of an Asian phytophagous bug, Corythauma ayyari (Heteroptera, Tingidae) to become widespread, recently recorded in Europe, and that depends on Jasminum spp., an ornamental plant widespread in Europe. We modelled its current distribution, projected it into the future and tested its niche overlap between native and invaded areas...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529066/phylogeographic-analysis-reveals-extensive-genetic-variation-of-native-grass-elymus-nutans-poaceae-on-the-qinghai-tibetan-plateau
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jin Li, Xinda Li, Changbing Zhang, Qingping Zhou, Shiyong Chen
INTRODUCTION: Elymus nutans holds ecological and pastoral significance due to its adaptability and nutritional value, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) is a key hub for its genetic diversity. To conserve and harness its genetic resources in highland ecosystems, a thorough assessment is vital. However, a comprehensive phylogeographic exploration of E. nutans is lacking. The objective of this study was to unravel the genetic diversity, adaptation, and phylogenetics of E. nutans populations...
2024: Frontiers in Plant Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524627/climate-and-soil-factors-co-derive-the-functional-traits-variations-in-naturalized-downy-thorn-apple-datura-innoxia-mill-along-the-altitudinal-gradient-in-the-semi-arid-environment
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nasrullah Khan, Rafi Ullah, Mohammad K Okla, Mostafa A Abdel-Maksoud, Ibrahim A Saleh, Hashem A Abu-Harirah, Tareq Nayef AlRamadneh, Hamada AbdElgawad
Plant functional traits are consistently linked with certain ecological factors (i.e., abiotic and biotic), determining which components of a plant species pool are assembled into local communities. In this sense, non-native naturalized plants show more plasticity of morphological traits by adopting new habitat (an ecological niche) of the invaded habitats. This study focuses on the biomass allocation pattern and consistent traits-environment linkages of a naturalized Datura innoxia plant population along the elevation gradient in NW, Pakistan...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522941/synthesis-of-ottonia-anisum-extract-mediated-zno-nps-and-their-local-anesthetic-analgesic-and-hcl%C3%A2-induced-acute-lung-injury-activities
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guiqin Fan, Jing Yu, Zhengzheng Tao, Xingjia Qian, Qinghong Qian, Jun Shu, Dongfang Shi, Luhong Shen, Bing Lu, Hong Lv
In this study, we outlined the green synthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using the plant-mediated method. Employing the nitrate derivative of Zinc and the extract from the native medicinal plant, Ottonia anisum, the nanoparticles were effectively produced. After obtaining a yellow-colored paste, it was meticulously dried, gathered, and set aside for subsequent examination. The UV-visible spectrometry analysis indicated an absorption peak at 320 nm, which is indicative of ZnO NPs. Characterization techniques, such as XRD and HR-TEM, confirmed the existence of agglomerated ZnO NPs with an average diameter of 40 nm...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Oleo Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520739/evaluating-the-use-of-common-grasses-by-the-wheat-stem-sawfly-hymenoptera-cephidae-and-its-native-parasitoids-in-rangeland-and-conservation-reserve-program-grasslands
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tatyana A Rand, Robert R Kula, John F Gaskin
The wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Norton (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), is a major pest of wheat (Triticum aestivum L., Poales: Poaceae) across the northern Great Plains of North America. Cephus cinctus has a wide host range, attacking numerous wild grasses and cultivated cereals in crop and grassland habitats, where it is, in turn, attacked by 2 native braconid parasitoids. Quantitative assessments of C. cinctus infestation and parasitism levels in different grass species across the full spectrum of available hosts are important in assessing the extent to which grasslands, or specific constituent grass species, may be reservoirs of pests or parasitoids moving into wheat...
March 23, 2024: Journal of Economic Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520569/synthetic-auxin-herbicide-2-4-d-and-its-influence-on-a-model-by-2-suspension
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katerina Muselikova, Katerina Mouralova
2,4-D is a broadly used auxin herbicide. The presence of the 2,4-D synthetic auxin in the medium is imperative for long-term BY-2 tobacco suspension viability. The precise mechanism of this symbiosis of the suspension and the synthetic auxin remains unclear. Our goal was to study the hormonal regulation of the growth of the cell suspension; and to describe the experiments clarifying the interaction between the chosen growth regulators and phytohormones on the cellular level, specifically between the 2,4-D synthetic auxin and the native stress phytohormone - ethylene...
March 23, 2024: Molecular Biology Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519422/biosynthesis-of-strained-amino-acids-by-a-plp-dependent-enzyme-through-cryptic-halogenation
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Max B Sosa, Jacob T Leeman, Lorenzo J Washington, Henrik V Scheller, Michelle Chang
Amino acids (AAs) are modular building blocks which nature uses to synthesize both macromolecules, such as proteins, and small molecule natural products, such as alkaloids and non-ribosomal peptides. While the 20 main proteinogenic AAs display relatively limited side chain diversity, a wide range of non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs) exist that are not used by the ribosome for protein synthesis, but contain a broad array of structural features and functional groups. In this communication, we report the discovery of the biosynthetic pathway for a new ncAA, pazamine, which contains a cyclopropane ring formed in two steps...
March 22, 2024: Angewandte Chemie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518927/affinity-gel-synthesis-from-the-p-aminobenzoic-acid-derivative-4-amino-2-methylbenzoic-acid-and-purification-of-polyphenol-oxidase-from-various-plant-sources
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cansu Öztürk, Ömer İrfan Küfrevioğlu
The polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzyme, which causes enzymatic browning, has been repeatedly purified from fruit and vegetables by affinity chromatography. In the present research, Sepharose 4B-l-tyrosine-4-amino-2-methylbenzoic acid, a novel affinity gel for the purification of the PPO enzyme with high efficiency, was synthesized. Additionally, Sepharose 4B-l-tyrosine-p-aminobenzoic acid affinity gel, known in the literature, was also synthesized, and 9.02, 16.57, and 28.13 purification folds were obtained for the PPO enzymes of potato, mushroom, and eggplant by the reference gel...
March 20, 2024: Protein Expression and Purification
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