nabpaclitaxel

The efficacy and safety of olaratumab plus nabpaclitaxel and gemcitabine in treatment-naïve participants with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was evaluated. An initial phase 1b dose-escalation trial was conducted to determine the olaratumab dose for the phase 2 trial, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to compare overall survival (OS) in the olaratumab arm vs. placebo arms. In phase 1b, 22 participants received olaratumab at doses of 15 and 20 mg/kg with a fixed dose of nabpaclitaxel and gemcitabine...

BACKGROUND: Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are rare and lethal cancers, with a 5-year survival inferior to 20%(1-3). The only potential curative treatment is surgical resection. However, despite complex surgical procedures that have a remarkable risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality, the 5-year survival rate after radical surgery (R0) is 20-40% and recurrence rates are up to ~ 75%(4-6). Up to ~ 40% of patients relapse within 12 months after resection, and half of these patient will recur systemically(4-6)...

BACKGROUND: FOLFIRINOX and gemcitabine-nabpaclitaxel (GnP) are standard first-line treatment regimens for advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, currently, there is a lack of predictive biomarkers to aid in the treatment selection. We aimed to explore the prognostic and predictive value of class III β-Tubulin (TUBB3) and human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1) expression, which have previously been shown to be associated with taxane and gemcitabine resistance in advanced PDAC...

Background: Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) is a highly aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. However, there are no consensus treatment guidelines, and decisions are usually extrapolated from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Given that cHCC-CCA owns the unequivocal presence of both hepatocytic and cholangiocytic differentiation, a combination regimen of anti-PD1 antibody, multikinase inhibitor, and chemotherapy targeting against both components might be an optimal choice...

BACKGROUND: There is currently no uniform and effective treatment for patients with locally advanced oral cancer who cannot tolerate surgery or radiotherapy. The prognosis of oral cancer patients with lymph node metastasis is very poor, but the clinical treatment of such patients faces certain challenges. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Case 1 was a 59-year-old patient with tongue cancer (cT 3 N x M 0 G 2) who refused radiotherapy because of a history of leukoderma. After evaluation of disease condition, a 4-drug combination therapy of toripalimab + anlotinib + nabpaclitaxel + carboplatin was administered...

PURPOSE: The clinical outcome and the efficacy of chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer patients with BRCA1/2 Variants of Unknown Significance (VUS) is unknown. We explored the effects of chemotherapy with or without Platinum in non metastatic and metastatic pancreatic cancer patients with BRCA1/2 VUS. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of non-metastatic or metastatic pancreatic cancer patients with gBRCA1/2 VUS treated in 13 Italian centers between November 2015 and December 2020 was performed...

Within the pancreas, Keratin 19 (KRT19) labels the ductal lineage and is a determinant of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). To investigate KRT19 expression dynamics, we developed a human pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-based KRT19-mCherry reporter system in different genetic backgrounds to monitor KRT19 expression from its endogenous gene locus. A differentiation protocol to generate mature pancreatic duct-like organoids was applied. While KRT19/mCherry expression became evident at the early endoderm stage, mCherry signal was present in nearly all cells at the pancreatic endoderm (PE) and pancreatic progenitor (PP) stages...

BACKGROUND: The NAPOLI-I trial showed better outcome of nanoliposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI) plus 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin (5-FU/LV) compared to 5-FU/LV in patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cancer (advPDAC) progressed to gemcitabine-based therapy. This study aims to explore the real-world efficacy and safety of 5-FU/LV-nal-IRI. METHODS: This is a retrospective multicenter analysis including advPDAC patients receiving 5-FU/LV-nal-IRI after failure of gemcitabine-based therapy...

Despite aggressive adjuvant management, a high percentage of patients who undergo appropriate surgical resection for pancreatic cancer will see their cancer recur and thus will not be cured. An important paradigm shift to achieve better outcomes has been therapy sequence, with neoadjuvant chemotherapy preceding surgery. Patients with a borderline resectable cancer, or patients with a resectable cancer but who have other high-risk features, are ideal candidates to consider for neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Among the high-risk features, a baseline elevated CA 19-9 concentration can be particularly useful, as its response trend during neoadjuvant chemotherapy can offer important insights into the prognosis after surgery...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Management of cancer patients in the current era of COVID-19 pandemic poses a significant challenge on health care systems. Breast cancer is the most common cancer internationally. Breast cancer is a disease that involves surgery, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, target therapy, radiotherapy and more recently immunotherapy in the management plan. The immune system requires months to recover from these medications and the condition is even worse in patients with metastatic breast cancer who need ongoing treatment with these drugs...

Combination chemotherapy, either modified FOLFIRINOX (mFFX) or gemcitabine-nabpaclitaxel, are used in the treatment of most patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), yet robust biomarkers of outcome are currently lacking to guide regimen selection. Here, we tested GATA6 immunohistochemistry (IHC) as a putative biomarker in advanced PDAC. GATA6 is a transcription factor in normal pancreas development. Two pathologists, blinded to clinical and molecular data, independently assessed GATA6 IHC in biopsy specimens of 130 patients with advanced PDAC, in 2 distinct phases (without and with computer assistance using the open source software QuPath)...

The present analysis was conducted to assess the pharmacological costs of atezolizumab as first-line treatment in triple negative metastatic breast cancer (mBC). Pivotal phase III randomized controlled trial (RCT) was considered. Nine hundred and two patients were included. Differences in costs between the 2 arms (atezolizumab plus nabpaclitaxel versus placebo plus nab-paclitaxel) was 17 398 €, with a cost of 7564 €per month of OS-gain in the overall population and 2485 €per month of OS-gain in PD-L1-positive (≥1) population...

Metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease with a poor prognosis and currently with few treatment options. Treatment of these patients is highly based on systemic chemotherapy. Some targeted drugs were recently approved for these patients: two poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors in patients with germline BRCA1/2 mutations (olaparib and talazoparib), immune checkpoint inhibitors in association with chemotherapy if programmed death-ligand 1 positive (atezolizumab plus nabpaclitaxel and pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy [nabpaclitaxel, paclitaxel, and carboplatin plus gemcitabine]), and an antibody-drug conjugate sacituzumab-govitecan in heavily pretreated patients (at least 2 previous lines for the metastatic setting)...

Adjuvant chemotherapy is currently used in all patients with resected pancreatic cancer who are able to begin treatment within 3 months after surgery. Since the recent publication of the PRODIGE 24 trial results, modified FOLFIRINOX has become the standard-of-care in the non-Asian population with localized pancreatic adenocarcinoma following surgery. Nevertheless, there is still a risk of toxicity, and feasibility may be limited in heavily pre-treated patients. In more frail patients, gemcitabine-based chemotherapy remains a suitable option, for example gemcitabine or 5FU in monotherapy...

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertions are often associated with poor clinical outcomes due to low response rate to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Although recent studies have demonstrated that several novel small molecule compounds could selectively inhibit these mutations, there are still some patients who cannot benefit from them. Another potential therapeutic approach is the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Growing evidence suggests that patients harboring EGFR mutations show low efficacy with the use of immunotherapy...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Older patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (MPDAC) are under-represented in clinical trials. METHODS: Our single-center, retrospective study enrolled MPDAC patients ≥ 70 treated with chemotherapy RESULTS: 105 patients were divided in groups based on the received treatments: 44 gemcitabine or capecitabine monotherapy (A), 34 nabpaclitaxel-gemcitabine (B) 27 4-drugs combinations (gemcitabine, cisplatin, capecitabine plus either nab-paclitaxel or epirubicin or docetaxel) (C)...

A 67-year-old woman was diagnosed with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer and obstructive jaundice. A covered self-expandable metallic stent(SEMS)was placed endoscopically. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with gemcitabine plus nabpaclitaxel was provided. Forty-seven days after the SEMS placement, she presented with hematemesis. Computed tomography revealed migration of SEMS into the small bowel. No pseudoaneurysms were detected. Upper digestive endoscopy demonstrated hemobilia without obvious causes of bleeding in the stomach or duodenum...

Purpose: To report the first case of cystoid macular edema (CME) induced by nabpaclitaxel treated with intravitreal dexamethasone implant. Observations: A 67 year-old man diagnosed with unresectable pancreatic cancer presented with decreased vision in both eyes while receiving nab-paclitaxel. He was diagnosed with CME and intravitreal dexamethasone implants were administered in both eyes. Central retinal thickness (CRT) of both eye decreased 1 month after the implant but CME persisted...

Positive peritoneal washing cytology (PPC) of pancreatic carcinoma is defined as distant metastasis in the American Joint Committee on Cancer or Union for International Cancer Control's tumour, node, metastases classification. However, surgical resection was believed to be the only method that prolong survival; thus, many institutions perform pancreatectomy for PPC, despite the unfavourable prognosis. Therefore, a more preferable alternative treatment for PPC is required. A 64-year-old man with resectable pancreatic tail cancer presented to our hospital...