Round Up

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy, whilst treating tumours, can also lead to numerous adverse reactions such as nausea and vomiting, fatigue and kidney toxicity, threatening the physical and mental health of patients. Simultaneously, misuse of chemotherapeutic drugs can seriously endanger patients' lives. Therefore, to maintain the safety of chemotherapy for cancer patients and to reduce the incidence of adverse reactions to chemotherapy, many guidelines state that a comprehensive assessment of the cancer patient should be conducted and documented before chemotherapy...

BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) may be an important fall prevention strategy. Current PA guidelines emphasize total PA dose, but daily patterning of PA is underappreciated. With aging, PA bouts become less frequent and shorter in duration (i.e.: more fragmented). PA fragmentation may be an indicator of fall risk, but the relationship is not well understood. This study examined daily PA accumulation and patterns with fall risk in older adults. METHODS: Participants (n=685, 54...

This paper addresses the design of beam position monitor (BPM) devices suitable for fourth-generation diffraction-limited X-ray storage rings. Detailed investigations of the electromagnetic (EM) phenomena occurring inside the component under various working conditions are carried out by considering different BPM EM models defined by their geometry and materials. Moving from a theoretical characterization of the common round geometry, rhomboidal structures are studied through a careful numerical analysis relying on advanced computer-aided tools...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of cochlear implantation (CI) in case of far advanced otosclerosis and to evaluate the value of using intraoperative otoendoscopy to facilitate the identification of the round window membrane and the scala tympani without the need to remove the posterior canal wall or to perform a subtotal petrosectomy. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case-series study. SETTING: Tertiary academic CI center. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study was conducted on patients with far advanced otosclerosis who underwent endoscopic-assisted CI between January 2010 and June 2020 at the same CI center...

OBJECTIVES: Italy legalized cannabis oil for specific medical conditions (neuropathic pain, refractory epilepsy and other established pathologies) in 2015, but mandates titration of principal cannabinoids before marketing each batch using iphenated techniques coupled with mass spectrometry. To assess reliability of laboratories from the Italian National Health Service in charge of titrating the batches, the Italian National Institute of Health set up an quality control program on determination of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol l (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (THCA-A) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) in cannabis oil preparations...

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BACKGROUND: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a potentially disabling condition. There is a lack of evidence and national guidance on how to diagnose and treat paediatric IIH, leading to variation in clinical practice. We conducted a national Delphi consensus via the Children's Headache Network to propose a best-practice diagnostic and therapeutic pathway. METHODS: The Delphi process was selected as the most appropriate methodology for examining current opinion among experts in the UK...

Biodiversity preservation is a primary challenge of the 21st century, focusing on restoring unobstructed river flows and mitigating the effects of barriers, supported by European biodiversity strategies up to 2030. Maintaining ecological continuity, such as unblocking fishways clogged by floating debris disrupting natural fish migration paths, remains a challenge despite conventional protective methods. This study, taking a vertical slot fish pass in Wrocław on the Odra River as a case study and based on research on bridge piers, suggests modifying pier shapes from rectangular to rounded in order to reduce debris accumulation...

PURPOSE: While research on inguinal hernias is well-documented, ventral/incisional hernias still require investigation. In India, opinions on laparoscopic ventral hernia repair (LVHR) techniques are contested. The current consensus aims to standardize LVHR practice and identify gaps and unfulfilled demands that compromise patient safety and therapeutic outcomes. METHODS: Using the modified Delphi technique, panel of 14 experts (general surgeons) came to a consensus...

BACKGROUND: Comprehensive palliative care for patients with heart failure can be developed by educating cardiac nurses. The current study aimed to design a heart failure palliative care educational program for nurses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was carried out using the multi-method approach based on two out of four steps of Uys educational program development at Dr. Chamran Hospital, Isfahan, in 2020-2021. In step 1, educational needs were collected through literature review, interviews with 15 patients and 10 nurses, examination of patients' documents and medical records, and observation...

The tripartite motif-containing protein 66 (TRIM66, also known as TIF1-delta) is a PHD-Bromo-containing protein primarily expressed in post-meiotic male germ cells known as spermatids. Biophysical assays showed that the TRIM66 PHD-Bromodomain binds to H3 N-terminus only when lysine 4 is unmethylated. We addressed TRIM66's role in reproduction by loss-of-function genetics in the mouse. Males homozygous for Trim66-null mutations produced functional spermatozoa. Round spermatids lacking TRIM66 up-regulated a network of genes involved in histone acetylation and H3K4 methylation...

INTRODUCTION: Cataract extraction is the most frequently performed ophthalmological procedure worldwide. Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) remains the most common consequence after cataract surgery and can lead to deterioration of the visual performance with cloudy, blurred vision and halo, glare effects. Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy is the gold standard treatment and a very effective, safe and fast procedure in removing the cloudy posterior capsule. Damaging the intraocular lens during the treatment may occur due to wrong focus of the laser beam...

BACKGROUND: Ultrafine particle (UFP) has been linked with higher risks of cardiovascular diseases; however, the biological mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the cardiovascular responses to short-term UFP exposure and the biological pathways involved. METHODS: A longitudinal panel study was conducted among 32 healthy, non-smoking young adults in Shanghai, China, who were engaged in five rounds of follow-ups between December 2020 and November 2021...

INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) is a rare benign tumor classified as a pulmonary adenoma. It presents as a solitary pulmonary nodule without any specific findings, often posing a diagnostic challenge. We herein present a case of a PSP with a short volume doubling time (VDT) comparable to low-grade pulmonary malignancies. CASE PRESENTATION: A 27-year-old female presented to the emergency department with a fever that had persisted for the past two days...

UNLABELLED: Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare low-grade malignant vascular tumor. It mainly occurs in the liver, lungs, bones, and other parts of the body. Reports of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma in the parotid gland are rare in both domestic and international literature. Here, we present a case report of a parotid gland epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, including its complete clinical course and imaging findings, to improve the diagnosis and treatment of this unusual disease...

The African Cigarette Price Project is a project that collects tobacco prices from African countries. Amongst other things, the data enable users to estimate price differences across brands, urban/rural divides, types of packaging, retail types, and trends in price over time. A total of 215 354 individual prices were collected during the first twelve rounds of the project (collected biannually from 2016 to 2022). Data collection continues to date. Data have been collected from 19 African countries, with most data from South Africa, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, Namibia and Botswana...

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSC) and robot-assisted sacrocolpopexy (RSC) using mesh are popular approaches for treating pelvic organ prolapse (POP). However, it is not uncommon that native tissue repair (NTR) should be presented as an option to patients who are expected to have extensive intraperitoneal adhesion or patients for whom LSC or RSC is difficult owing to various risk factors. Laparoscopic vaginal stump-uterosacral ligament fixation (Shull method) has been introduced as a method for NTR in case of POP...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Abdominal aortic aneurysm refers to a serious medical condition that can cause the irreversible expansion of the abdominal aorta, which can lead to ruptures that are associated with up to 80% mortality. Currently, surgical and interventional procedures are the only treatment options available for treating abdominal aortic aneurysm patients. In this review, we focus on the upstream and downstream molecules of the microRNA-related signaling pathways and discuss the roles, mechanisms, and targets of microRNAs in abdominal aortic aneurysm modulation to provide novel insights for precise and targeted drug therapy for the vast number of abdominal aortic aneurysm patients...

Ewing sarcoma is an uncommon neoplasm considered in the differential diagnosis of tumors with "small round cell" morphology, but its occurrence in the gynecologic tract has only been sporadically documented. Herein, we describe the largest cohort of Ewing sarcoma localized to the female genital tract to date, and emphasize their clinicopathologic resemblance to more common gynecologic neoplasms. Ewing sarcoma (n=21) was retrospectively identified from 5 institutions. The average patient age was 35 (range 6-61) years...

Simultaneous breast augmentation with mastopexy is growing in popularity. It is a complex procedure that can lead to post-operative complications, patient dissatisfaction, and increased risk of litigation. The aim of this study is to describe an approach for the inverted-T augmentation-mastopexy technique, which limits intraoperative modifications, minimizes errors, and decreases post-operative complications and patient dissatisfaction. The study included 107 patients with Regnault's grade I and II ptosis and severe pseudoptosis...