keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534534/monte-carlo-based-optical-simulation-of-optical-distribution-in-deep-brain-tissues-using-sixteen-optical-sources
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xi Yang, Chengpeng Chai, Hongzhi Zuo, Yun-Hsuan Chen, Junhui Shi, Cheng Ma, Mohamad Sawan
Optical-based imaging has improved from early single-location research to further sophisticated imaging in 2D topography and 3D tomography. These techniques have the benefit of high specificity and non-radiative safety for brain detection and therapy. However, their performance is limited by complex tissue structures. To overcome the difficulty in successful brain imaging applications, we conducted a simulation using 16 optical source types within a brain model that is based on the Monte Carlo method. In addition, we propose an evaluation method of the optical propagating depth and resolution, specifically one based on the optical distribution for brain applications...
March 7, 2024: Bioengineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534528/grey-wolf-optimizer-with-behavior-considerations-and-dimensional-learning-in-three-dimensional-tooth-model-reconstruction
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ritipong Wongkhuenkaew, Sansanee Auephanwiriyakul, Marasri Chaiworawitkul, Nipon Theera-Umpon, Uklid Yeesarapat
Three-dimensional registration with the affine transform is one of the most important steps in 3D reconstruction. In this paper, the modified grey wolf optimizer with behavior considerations and dimensional learning (BCDL-GWO) algorithm as a registration method is introduced. To refine the 3D registration result, we incorporate the iterative closet point (ICP). The BCDL-GWO with ICP method is implemented on the scanned commercial orthodontic tooth and regular tooth models. Since this is a registration from multi-views of optical images, the hierarchical structure is implemented...
March 5, 2024: Bioengineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534517/multiscale-mechanical-characterization-of-polyether-2-ketone-pekk-for-biomedical-application
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gianpaolo Serino, Fabio Distefano, Elisabetta M Zanetti, Giulia Pascoletti, Gabriella Epasto
Polyether-ether-2-ketone (PEKK) is a high-performance thermoplastic polymer used in various fields, from aerospace to medical applications, due to its exceptional mechanical and thermal properties. Nonetheless, the mechanical behavior of 3D-printed PEKK still deserves to be more thoroughly investigated, especially in view of its production by 3D printing, where mechanical properties measured at different scales are likely to be correlated to one another and to all play a major role in determining biomechanical properties, which include mechanical strength on one side and osteointegration ability on the other side...
February 29, 2024: Bioengineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534512/the-effect-of-mechanical-circulatory-support-on-blood-flow-in-the-ascending-aorta-a-combined-experimental-and-computational-study
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sapir Hazan Shenberger, Idit Avrahami
Percutaneous mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices are designed for short-term treatment in cases of acute decompensated heart failure as a bridge to transplant or recovery. Some of the known complications of MCS treatments are related to their hemodynamics in the aorta. The current study investigates the effect of MCS on the aortic flow. The study uses combined experimental and numerical methods to delineate complex flow structures. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) is used to capture the vortical and turbulent flow characteristics in a glass model of the human aorta...
February 28, 2024: Bioengineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534485/reliable-off-resonance-correction-in-high-field-cardiac-mri-using-autonomous-cardiac-b-0-segmentation-with-dual-modality-deep-neural-networks
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xinqi Li, Yuheng Huang, Archana Malagi, Chia-Chi Yang, Ghazal Yoosefian, Li-Ting Huang, Eric Tang, Chang Gao, Fei Han, Xiaoming Bi, Min-Chi Ku, Hsin-Jung Yang, Hui Han
B0 field inhomogeneity is a long-lasting issue for Cardiac MRI (CMR) in high-field (3T and above) scanners. The inhomogeneous B0 fields can lead to corrupted image quality, prolonged scan time, and false diagnosis. B0 shimming is the most straightforward way to improve the B0 homogeneity. However, today's standard cardiac shimming protocol requires manual selection of a shim volume, which often falsely includes regions with large B0 deviation (e.g., liver, fat, and chest wall). The flawed shim field compromises the reliability of high-field CMR protocols, which significantly reduces the scan efficiency and hinders its wider clinical adoption...
February 23, 2024: Bioengineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534273/mandibular-endochondral-growth-is-specifically-augmented-by-nutritional-supplementation-with-myo-inositol-even-in-rabbits
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miho Shimoyama, Hiroyuki Kanzaki, Syunnosuke Tohyama, Tomomi Ida, Misao Ishikawa, Yuta Katsumata, Chihiro Arai, Satoshi Wada, Shugo Manase, Hiroshi Tomonari
Mandibular retrognathism occurs by insufficient mandibular growth and causes several issues, such as respiratory difficulty and diminished masticatory function. At present, functional orthodontic appliances are used for stimulating mandibular growth in pediatric cases. However, the effectiveness of functional appliances is not always stable in daily practices. A more effective, reliable, and safer therapeutic method for mandibular growth promotion would be helpful for growing mandibular retrognathism patients...
February 26, 2024: Dentistry Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534161/surgical-management-of-complex-skull-base-tumor-using-preoperative-multimodal-image-fusion-technology
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhi-Heng Jian, Peng Chen, Yu Li, Chang-Chun Liao, Xin-Feng Yi, Run-Gen Zhan, Gang Chen
OBJECTIVE: To review our single-institution experience in the surgical management of complex skull base tumors using multimodal image fusion technology. METHODS: From October 2019 to January 2022, 7 cases of complex skull base tumors that performed preoperative multimodal image fusion in Zhuhai People's Hospital neurosurgery department were involved in this study. The image data were uploaded to the GE AW workstation. Corresponding image sequences were opened in the workstation to complete registration fusion and 3D reconstruction...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533822/vascularized-tissue-on-mesh-assisted-platform-vt-map-a-novel-approach-for-diverse-organoid-size-culture-and-tailored-cancer-drug-response-analysis
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jungseub Lee, Sangmin Jung, Hye Kyoung Hong, Hyeonsu Jo, Stephen Rhee, Ye-Lin Jeong, Jihoon Ko, Yong Beom Cho, Noo Li Jeon
This study presents the vascularized tissue on mesh-assisted platform (VT-MAP), a novel microfluidic in vitro model that uses an open microfluidic principle for cultivating vascularized organoids. Addressing the gap in 3D high-throughput platforms for drug response analysis, the VT-MAP can host tumor clusters of various sizes, allowing for precise, size-dependent drug interaction assessments. Key features include capability for forming versatile co-culture conditions (EC, fibroblasts and colon cancer organoids) that enhance tumor organoid viability and a perfusable vessel network that ensures efficient drug delivery and maintenance of organoid health...
March 27, 2024: Lab on a Chip
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533736/inter-plane-feedback-coordinates-cell-morphogenesis-and-maintains-3d-tissue-organization-in-the-drosophila-pupal-retina
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiao Sun, Jacob Decker, Nicelio Sanchez-Luege, Ilaria Rebay
How complex organs coordinate cellular morphogenetic events to achieve three-dimensional (3D) form is a central question in development. The question is uniquely tractable in the late Drosophila pupal retina, where cells maintain stereotyped contacts as they elaborate the specialized cytoskeletal structures that pattern the apical, basal and longitudinal planes of the epithelium. In this study, we combined cell type-specific genetic manipulation of the cytoskeletal regulator Abelson (Abl) with 3D imaging to explore how the distinct cellular morphogenetic programs of photoreceptors and interommatidial pigment cells (IOPCs) organize tissue pattern to support retinal integrity...
March 15, 2024: Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532999/detection-and-analysis-of-deteriorated-areas-in-solar-pv-modules-using-unsupervised-sensing-algorithms-and-3d-augmented-reality
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adel Oulefki, Yassine Himeur, Thaweesak Trongtirakul, Kahina Amara, Sos Agaian, Samir Benbelkacem, Mohamed Amine Guerroudji, Mohamed Zemmouri, Sahla Ferhat, Nadia Zenati, Shadi Atalla, Wathiq Mansoor
Solar Photovoltaic (PV) systems are increasingly vital for enhancing energy security worldwide. However, their efficiency and power output can be significantly reduced by hotspots and snail trails, predominantly caused by cracks in PV modules. This article introduces a novel methodology for the automatic segmentation and analysis of such anomalies, utilizing unsupervised sensing algorithms coupled with 3D Augmented Reality (AR) for enhanced visualization. The methodology outperforms existing segmentation techniques, including Weka and the Meta Segment Anything Model (SAM), as demonstrated through computer simulations...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532946/artificial-intelligence-for-the-interventional-cardiologist-powering-and-enabling-oct-image-interpretation
#31
REVIEW
Nitin Chandramohan, Jonathan Hinton, Peter O'Kane, Thomas W Johnson
Intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) is a form of intra-coronary imaging that uses near-infrared light to generate high-resolution, cross-sectional, and 3D volumetric images of the vessel. Given its high spatial resolution, IVOCT is well-placed to characterise coronary plaques and aid with decision-making during percutaneous coronary intervention. IVOCT requires significant interpretation skills, which themselves require extensive education and training for effective utilisation, and this would appear to be the biggest barrier to its widespread adoption...
2024: Interventional Cardiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532927/structurally-constrained-and-pathology-aware-convolutional-transformer-generative-adversarial-network-for-virtual-histology-staining-of-human-coronary-optical-coherence-tomography-images
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xueshen Li, Hongshan Liu, Xiaoyu Song, Charles C Marboe, Brigitta C Brott, Silvio H Litovsky, Yu Gan
SIGNIFICANCE: There is a significant need for the generation of virtual histological information from coronary optical coherence tomography (OCT) images to better guide the treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, existing methods either require a large pixel-wise paired training dataset or have limited capability to map pathological regions. AIM: The aim of this work is to generate virtual histological information from coronary OCT images, without a pixel-wise paired training dataset while capable of providing pathological patterns...
March 2024: Journal of Biomedical Optics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532651/core-shell-structure-of-photopolymer-grafted-polyurethane-as-a-controlled-drug-delivery-vehicle-for-biomedical-application
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amita Santra, Ravi Prakash, Swapan Maity, Sagar Nilawar, Kaushik Chatterjee, Pralay Maiti
Functionalized ultraviolet photocurable bisphenol A-glycerolate dimethacrylates with tailorable size have been synthesized as the core, which have further been grafted using the diisocyanate chain end of polyurethane (PU) as the shell to create a core-shell structure of tunable size for a controlled drug delivery vehicle. The core-shell structure has been elucidated through spectroscopic techniques like 1 H NMR, FTIR, and UV-vis and their relative shape and size through TEM and AFM morphology. The greater cross-link density of the core is reflected in the higher glass transition temperature, and the improved thermal stability of the graft copolymer is proven from its thermogravimetric analyses...
March 26, 2024: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532626/increased-vesicular-dynamics-and-nanoscale-clustering-of-il-2-after-t-cell-activation
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Badeia Saed, Neal T Ramseier, Thilini Perera, Jesse Anderson, Jacob Burnett, Hirushi Gunasekara, Alyssa Burgess, Haoran Jing, Ying S Hu
T cells coordinate intercellular communication through the meticulous regulation of cytokine secretion. Direct visualization of vesicular transport and intracellular distribution of cytokines provides valuable insights into the temporal and spatial mechanisms involved in regulation. Employing Jurkat E6-1 T cells and interleukin-2 (IL-2) as a model system, we investigated vesicular dynamics using single-particle tracking and the nanoscale distribution of intracellular IL-2 in fixed T cells using superresolution microscopy...
March 26, 2024: Biophysical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532439/bispecific-aptamer-decorated-and-light-triggered-nanoparticles-targeting-tumor-and-stromal-cells-in-breast-cancer-derived-organoids-implications-for-precision-phototherapies
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simona Camorani, Alessandra Caliendo, Elena Morrone, Lisa Agnello, Matteo Martini, Monica Cantile, Margherita Cerrone, Antonella Zannetti, Massimo La Deda, Monica Fedele, Loredana Ricciardi, Laura Cerchia
BACKGROUND: Based on the established role of cancer-stroma cross-talk in tumor growth, progression and chemoresistance, targeting interactions between tumor cells and their stroma provides new therapeutic approaches. Dual-targeted nanotherapeutics selectively acting on both tumor and stromal cells may overcome the limits of tumor cell-targeting single-ligand nanomedicine due to the complexity of the tumor microenvironment. METHODS: Gold-core/silica-shell nanoparticles embedding a water-soluble iridium(III) complex as photosensitizer and luminescent probe (Iren -AuSiO2 _COOH) were efficiently decorated with amino-terminated EGFR (CL4) and PDGFRβ (Gint4...
March 26, 2024: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research: CR
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532254/clinical-outcomes-of-20-brachycephalic-dogs-with-thoracolumbar-spinal-deformities-causing-neurological-signs-treated-with-spinal-stabilization-using-3d-printed-patient-specific-drill-guides
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francesca Violini, James H Elford, Thomas J A Cardy, Bill Oxley, Andrew Craig, Sebastien Behr
OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical outcomes for pugs and French bulldogs with congenital vertebral malformations, undergoing thoracolumbar spinal stabilization surgery using 3D-printed patient-specific drill guides. To evaluate the accuracy of pedicle screw placement in this group of dogs. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective descriptive study. ANIMALS: Twenty dogs (12 pugs and eight French bulldogs). METHODS: Medical records searched between August 2018 and March 2021 for pugs and French bulldogs diagnosed with congenital vertebral abnormalities via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan and computed tomography (CT) scan causing T3-L3 myelopathy signs that underwent spinal stabilization surgery using 3D-printed patient-specific drill guides followed by a postoperative CT scan...
March 26, 2024: Veterinary Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532155/customised-pre-operative-cranioplasty-to-achieve-maximal-surgical-resection-of-tumours-with-osseous-involvement-a-case-series
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Swati Jain, Adel Helmy, Thomas Santarius, Nicola Owen, Kirsty Grieve, Peter Hutchinson, Ivan Timofeev
PURPOSE: Surgical resection with bony margins would be the treatment of choice for tumours with osseous involvement such as meningiomas and metastasis. By developing and designing pre-operative customised 3D modelled implants, the patient can undergo resection of meningioma and repair of bone defect in the same operation. We present a generalisable method for designing pre-operative cranioplasty in patients to repair the bone defect after the resection of tumours. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We included six patients who presented with a tumour that was associated with overlying bone involvement...
March 27, 2024: Acta Neurochirurgica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532082/three-dimensional-reconstruction-of-industrial-parts-from-a-single-image
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhenxing Xu, Aizeng Wang, Fei Hou, Gang Zhao
This study proposes an image-based three-dimensional (3D) vector reconstruction of industrial parts that can generate non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS) surfaces with high fidelity and flexibility. The contributions of this study include three parts: first, a dataset of two-dimensional images is constructed for typical industrial parts, including hexagonal head bolts, cylindrical gears, shoulder rings, hexagonal nuts, and cylindrical roller bearings; second, a deep learning algorithm is developed for parameter extraction of 3D industrial parts, which can determine the final 3D parameters and pose information of the reconstructed model using two new nets, CAD-ClassNet and CAD-ReconNet; and finally, a 3D vector shape reconstruction of mechanical parts is presented to generate NURBS from the obtained shape parameters...
March 27, 2024: Visual computing for industry, biomedicine and art
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531839/direct-imaging-of-magnetohydrodynamic-wave-mode-conversion-near-a-3d-null-point-on-the-sun
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pankaj Kumar, Valery M Nakariakov, Judith T Karpen, Kyung-Suk Cho
Mutual conversion of various kinds of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves can have profound impacts on wave propagation, energy transfer, and heating of the solar chromosphere and corona. Mode conversion occurs when an MHD wave travels through a region where the Alfvén and sound speeds are equal (e.g., a 3D magnetic null point). Here we report the direct extreme ultraviolet (EUV) imaging of mode conversion from a fast-mode to a slow-mode MHD wave near a 3D null point using Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (SDO/AIA) observations...
March 26, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531250/extensive-t1-weighted-mri-preprocessing-improves-generalizability-of-deep-brain-age-prediction-models
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lara Dular, Franjo Pernuš, Žiga Špiclin
Brain age is an estimate of chronological age obtained from T1-weighted magnetic resonance images (T1w MRI), representing a straightforward diagnostic biomarker of brain aging and associated diseases. While the current best accuracy of brain age predictions on T1w MRIs of healthy subjects ranges from two to three years, comparing results across studies is challenging due to differences in the datasets, T1w preprocessing pipelines, and evaluation protocols used. This paper investigates the impact of T1w image preprocessing on the performance of four deep learning brain age models from recent literature...
March 20, 2024: Computers in Biology and Medicine
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