Diabetes AND triple therapy

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk of cardiovascular events associated with commonly used dual and triple therapies of evogliptin, a recently introduced dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP4i), for managing type 2 diabetes in routine clinical practice. DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment database. PARTICIPANTS: Patients who initiated metformin-based dual therapy and metformin+sulfonylurea-based triple therapy in South Korea from 2014 to 2018...

Obesity is a chronic disease associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Bariatric surgery can lead to sustained long-term weight loss (WL) and improvement in multiple obesity-related complications, but it is not scalable at the population level. Over the past few years, gut hormone-based pharmacotherapies for obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have rapidly evolved, and combinations of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) with other gut hormones (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), glucagon, and amylin) as dual or triple agonists are under investigation to enhance and complement the effects of GLP1 on WL and obesity-related complications...

INTRODUCTION: Aberrant brain functional connectivity network is thought to be related to cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aims to investigate the triple-network effective connectivity patterns in patients with T2DM within and between the default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN), and executive control network (ECN) and their associations with cognitive declines. METHODS: In total, 92 patients with T2DM and 98 matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited and underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI)...

The discovery of long-acting incretin receptor agonists represents a major stride forward in tackling the dual epidemic of obesity and diabetes. Here we outline the evolution of incretin-based pharmacotherapy, from exendin-4 to the discovery of the multi-incretin hormone receptor agonists that look set to be our next step toward curing diabetes and obesity. We discuss the multiagonists currently in clinical trials and the improvement in efficacy each new generation of these drugs bring. The success of these agents in preclinical models and clinical trials suggests a promising future for multiagonists in the treatment of metabolic diseases, with the most recent glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor:glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor:glucagon receptor (GIPR:GLP-1R:GCGR) triagonists rivaling the efficacy of bariatric surgery...

Growing antibiotic resistance complicates H. pylori eradication, posing a public health challenge. Inconclusive research on sociodemographic and clinical factors emphasizes the necessity for further investigations. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the correlation between demographic and clinical factors and the success rates of H. pylori eradication. A group of 162 H. pylori -positive patients were allocated randomly to receive either a ten-day moxifloxacin-based triple therapy or a levofloxacin-based sequential therapy...

Type 2 diabetes is a frequent comorbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, with the GOLD treatment recommendations asserting that the presence of diabetes be disregarded in the choice of treatment. In a cohort of COPD patients with frequent exacerbations, initiators of single-inhaler triple therapy or dual bronchodilators were compared on the incidence of COPD exacerbation and pneumonia over one year, adjusted by propensity score weighting and stratified by type 2 diabetes. The COPD cohort included 1,114 initiators of triple inhalers and 4,233 of dual bronchodilators (28% with type 2 diabetes)...

Diabetic wounds are susceptible to bacterial infections, largely linked to high blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia). To treat such wounds, enzymes like glucose oxidase (GOx) can be combined with nanozymes (nanomaterials mimic enzymes) to use glucose effectively for purposes. However, there is still room for improvement in these systems, particularly in terms of process simplification, enzyme activity regulation, and treatment effects. Herein, our approach utilizes GOx to directly facilitate the biomineralized growth of osmium (Os) nanozyme (GOx-OsNCs), leading to dual-active centers and remarkable triple enzyme activities...

INTRODUCTION: Patients requiring coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and carotid endarterectomy (CEA) can be managed with staged (CEA before CABG), reverse staged (CABG before CEA) or synchronous treatment. This single-center retrospective study evaluated the outcomes in patients undergoing planned synchronous CEA and CABG. METHODS: Between 2000 and 2020 a total of 185 patients with symptomatic triple-vessel or left main coronary artery disease associated with 70-99% asymptomatic or 50-99% symptomatic uni- or bilateral internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis underwent synchronous CEA and CABG at our institution...

AIM: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a very aggressive subset of breast cancer, with limited treatment options, due to the lack of three commonly targeted receptors, which merits the need for novel treatments for TNBC. Towards this need, the use of metformin (Met), the most widely used type-2 diabetes drug worldwide, was explored as a repurposed anticancer agent. Cancer being a metabolic disease, the modulation of two crucial metabolites, glucose, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), is studied in MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells, using Met in the presence of electrical pulses (EP) to enhance the drug efficacy...

Limited drug loading and incomplete drug release are two major obstacles that traditional polymeric microneedles (MNs) have to overcome. For smart controlled-release MNs, since drug release duration is uncertain, a clear indication of the finish of drug release is also important for patient guidance on the timing of the next dose. In this study, MN with a triple structure of a glucose-responsive shell, loaded insulin powders and a colored propelling inner core (inspired by the mechanism of osmotic pump) was innovatively constructed...

Vildagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor is effective in reducing HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) when administered as monotherapy, dual or triple combination therapy. In India, Vildagliptin is commonly prescribed in T2DM patients because it reduces mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE), has lower risk of hypoglycemia and is weight neutral. Early combination therapy with vildagliptin and metformin is effective and well-tolerated in patients with T2DM, regardless of age or ethnicity...

BACKGROUND: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) improves neonatal outcomes in type 1 diabetes pregnancies, however its effectiveness has not been assessed in a real-world setting in the United States. OBJECTIVE: The Triple C Study aimed to examine clinical effectiveness, assessed through maternal glucose control and gestational health outcomes, of CGM use compared to self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in pregnancies associated with type 1 diabetes in a real-world setting...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in women with COPD and the factors related to its presence. METHODS: Cross-sectional observational study during 2021, including women with COPD diagnosed by spirometry through convenience sampling. Data on age, smoking status, spirometric data, comorbidities and medications used were collected. A sexual health questionnaire was administered. RESULTS: The study included 101 women with a mean age of 59...

BACKGROUND: Obesity is one of the critical public health problems in our society. It leads to various health conditions, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. With the rising incidence of obesity, there is a growing demand for new therapies which can effectively manage body weight and improve health. CURRENT EVIDENCE: Currently under development, multi-receptor agonist drugs may offer a promising solution to meet this unmet medical need...

BACKGROUND: Due to the progressive decline in β-cell function, it is often necessary to utilize multiple agents with complementary mechanisms of action to address various facets and achieve glycemic control. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a fixed-dose combination (FDC) of metformin/sitagliptin/pioglitazone (MSP) therapy vs. metformin/sitagliptin (MS) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS: In this phase 3, multicenter, double-blind study, patients with T2DM who exhibited inadequate glycemic control with HbA1c of 8...

BACKGROUND: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common complication of type 2 diabetes. Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L) is reported to have anti-diabetic effects. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of dried okra extract (DOE) supplementation on lipid profile, renal function indices, and expression of inflammatory genes, as well as serum level of soluble Receptor for Advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) in patients with DN. METHODS: In this triple-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial, 64 eligible patients with DN received either 125mg of DOE or placebo daily along with DN-related nutritional recommendations for 10 weeks...

BACKGROUND: Alpha-lipoic acid, epalrestat, and mecobalamin are widely used as monotherapies for diabetic peripheral neuropathy. However, whether a triple-combination therapy with these three drugs is superior to monotherapy or dual therapy remains debatable. METHODS: Nine randomized controlled trials were identified through a search on electronic databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. The trial participants (N = 1153) were divided into the experimental group who received the triple-combination therapy and the control group who received conventional or dual therapy with the aforementioned drugs...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the characteristics of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF), as well as the current application of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) in Palestine. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study involved a population of heart failure (HF) patients who visited cardiology clinics at An-Najah National University Hospital and the National Hospital, Palestine...

BACKGROUND: This study assessed the efficacy and safety of triple therapy with pioglitazone 15 mg add-on versus placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) inadequately controlled with metformin and dapagliflozin. METHODS: In this multicenter, double-blind, randomized, phase 3 study, patients with T2DM with an inadequate response to treatment with metformin (≥1,000 mg/day) plus dapagliflozin (10 mg/day) were randomized to receive additional pioglitazone 15 mg/day (n=125) or placebo (n=125) for 24 weeks...

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have great potential for combating pathogenic bacterial infections and are expected to become an alternative to antibiotics. However, organic linkers obstruct and saturate the inorganic nodes of MOF structures, making it challenging to utilize the applied potential of metal centers. Here, we combined controlled ligand decarboxylation with noble metal nanoparticles to rationally remodel MIL-53, resulting in a hybrid nanozyme (AgAu@QMIL-53, AAQM) with excellent multiple enzyme-like activities that both eradicate bacteria and promote diabetic wound healing...